using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

#if DEBUG
using System.Diagnostics;
#endif

namespace MCServerPing
{
    class ServerPing
    {
        private static readonly Dictionary<char, ConsoleColor> Colours = new Dictionary<char, ConsoleColor>
        {
             { '0', ConsoleColor.Black       },
             { '1', ConsoleColor.DarkBlue    },
             { '2', ConsoleColor.DarkGreen   },
             { '3', ConsoleColor.DarkCyan    },
             { '4', ConsoleColor.DarkRed     },
             { '5', ConsoleColor.DarkMagenta },
             { '6', ConsoleColor.Yellow      },
             { '7', ConsoleColor.Gray        },
             { '8', ConsoleColor.DarkGray    },
             { '9', ConsoleColor.Blue        },
             { 'a', ConsoleColor.Green       },
             { 'b', ConsoleColor.Cyan        },
             { 'c', ConsoleColor.Red         },
             { 'd', ConsoleColor.Magenta     },
             { 'e', ConsoleColor.Yellow      },
             { 'f', ConsoleColor.White       },
             { 'k', Console.ForegroundColor  },
             { 'l', Console.ForegroundColor  },
             { 'm', Console.ForegroundColor  },
             { 'n', Console.ForegroundColor  },
             { 'o', Console.ForegroundColor  },
             { 'r', ConsoleColor.White       }
        }; 

        private static NetworkStream _stream;
        private static List<byte> _buffer;
        private static int _offset;

        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.Title = "Minecraft Server Ping";

            var client = new TcpClient();
            var task = client.ConnectAsync("localhost", 25565);
            Console.WriteLine("Connecting to Minecraft server..");

            while (!task.IsCompleted)
            {
#if DEBUG
                Debug.WriteLine("Connecting..");
#endif
                Thread.Sleep(250);
            }

            if (!client.Connected)
            {
                Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
                Console.WriteLine("Unable to connect to the server");
                Console.ResetColor();
                Console.ReadKey(true);
                Environment.Exit(1);
            }

            _buffer = new List<byte>();
            _stream = client.GetStream();
            Console.WriteLine("Sending status request");


            /*
             * Send a "Handshake" packet
             * http://wiki.vg/Server_List_Ping#Ping_Process
             */
            WriteVarInt(47);
            WriteString("localhost");
            WriteShort(25565);
            WriteVarInt(1);
            Flush(0);

            /*
             * Send a "Status Request" packet
             * http://wiki.vg/Server_List_Ping#Ping_Process
             */
            Flush(0);

            /*
             * If you are using a modded server then use a larger buffer to account, 
             * see link for explanation and a motd to HTML snippet
             * https://gist.github.com/csh/2480d14fbbb33b4bbae3#gistcomment-2672658
             */
            var buffer = new byte[Int16.MaxValue]; 
            // var buffer = new byte[4096];
            _stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

            try
            {
                var length = ReadVarInt(buffer);
                var packet = ReadVarInt(buffer);
                var jsonLength = ReadVarInt(buffer);
#if DEBUG
                Console.WriteLine("Received packet 0x{0} with a length of {1}", packet.ToString("X2"), length);
#endif
                var json = ReadString(buffer, jsonLength);
                var ping = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<PingPayload>(json);

                Console.WriteLine("Software: {0}", ping.Version.Name);
                Console.WriteLine("Protocol: {0}", ping.Version.Protocol);
                Console.WriteLine("Players Online: {0}/{1}", ping.Players.Online, ping.Players.Max);
                WriteMotd(ping);

                Console.ReadKey(true);
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
                /*
                 * If an IOException is thrown then the server didn't 
                 * send us a VarInt or sent us an invalid one.
                 */
                Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
                Console.WriteLine("Unable to read packet length from server,");
                Console.WriteLine("are you sure it's a Minecraft server?");
#if DEBUG
                Console.WriteLine("Here are the details:");
                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
#endif
                Console.ResetColor();
            }
        }

        private static void WriteMotd(PingPayload ping)
        {
            Console.Write("Motd: ");
            var chars = ping.Motd.ToCharArray();
            for (var i = 0; i < ping.Motd.Length; i++)
            {
                try
                {
                    if (chars[i] == '\u00A7' && Colours.ContainsKey(chars[i + 1]))
                    {
                        Console.ForegroundColor = Colours[chars[i + 1]];
                        continue;
                    }
                    if (chars[i - 1] == '\u00A7' && Colours.ContainsKey(chars[i]))
                    {
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)
                {
                    // End of string
                }
                Console.Write(chars[i]);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.ResetColor();
        }

        #region Read/Write methods
        internal static byte ReadByte(byte[] buffer)
        {
            var b = buffer[_offset];
            _offset += 1;
            return b;
        }

        internal static byte[] Read(byte[] buffer, int length)
        {
            var data = new byte[length];
            Array.Copy(buffer, _offset, data, 0, length);
            _offset += length;
            return data;
        }

        internal static int ReadVarInt(byte[] buffer)
        {
            var value = 0;
            var size = 0;
            int b;
            while (((b = ReadByte(buffer)) & 0x80) == 0x80)
            {
                value |= (b & 0x7F) << (size++*7);
                if (size > 5)
                {
                    throw new IOException("This VarInt is an imposter!");
                }
            }
            return value | ((b & 0x7F) << (size*7));
        }

        internal static string ReadString(byte[] buffer, int length)
        {
            var data = Read(buffer, length);
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data);
        }

        internal static void WriteVarInt(int value)
        {
            while ((value & 128) != 0)
            {
                _buffer.Add((byte) (value & 127 | 128));
                value = (int) ((uint) value) >> 7;
            }
            _buffer.Add((byte) value);
        }

        internal static void WriteShort(short value)
        {
            _buffer.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(value));
        }

        internal static void WriteString(string data)
        {
            var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
            WriteVarInt(buffer.Length);
            _buffer.AddRange(buffer);
        }

        internal static void Write(byte b)
        {
            _stream.WriteByte(b);
        }

        internal static void Flush(int id = -1)
        {
            var buffer = _buffer.ToArray();
            _buffer.Clear();

            var add = 0;
            var packetData = new[] {(byte) 0x00};
            if (id >= 0)
            {
                WriteVarInt(id);
                packetData = _buffer.ToArray();
                add = packetData.Length;
                _buffer.Clear();
            }

            WriteVarInt(buffer.Length + add);
            var bufferLength = _buffer.ToArray();
            _buffer.Clear();

            _stream.Write(bufferLength, 0, bufferLength.Length);
            _stream.Write(packetData, 0, packetData.Length);
            _stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
        }
        #endregion
    }

    #region Server ping 
    /// <summary>
    /// C# represenation of the following JSON file
    /// https://gist.github.com/thinkofdeath/6927216
    /// </summary>
    class PingPayload
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Protocol that the server is using and the given name
        /// </summary>
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "version")]
        public VersionPayload Version { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "players")]
        public PlayersPayload Players { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "description")]
        public string Motd { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Server icon, important to note that it's encoded in base 64
        /// </summary>
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "favicon")]
        public string Icon { get; set; }
    }

    class VersionPayload
    {
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "protocol")]
        public int Protocol { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

    class PlayersPayload
    {
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "max")]
        public int Max { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "online")]
        public int Online { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "sample")]
        public List<Player> Sample { get; set; }
    }

    class Player
    {
        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty(PropertyName = "id")]
        public string Id { get; set; }
    }
    #endregion
}