- Store secrets in environment variables or dedicated secret management systems
- Never commit secrets to version control
- Implement secret rotation policies
- Use different credentials for different environments
- Encrypt sensitive configuration values
- Implement proper authentication mechanisms
- Use OAuth 2.0 or OpenID Connect where appropriate
- Implement role-based access control (RBAC)
- Follow the principle of least privilege
- Encrypt data at rest
- Encrypt data in transit (TLS/HTTPS)
- Implement proper key management
- Sanitize and validate all inputs
- Implement output encoding to prevent XSS attacks
- Apply proper database security controls
- Implement rate limiting
- Set appropriate timeouts
- Use API keys/tokens with proper scopes
- Validate and sanitize all API inputs
- Implement proper error handling that doesn't leak sensitive information
- Implement security event logging
- Configure alerts for suspicious activities
- Implement audit trails for sensitive operations
- Ensure logs don't contain sensitive information
- Regularly scan dependencies for vulnerabilities
- Implement a process for updating vulnerable dependencies
- Use dependency lockfiles for deterministic builds
- Minimize dependency footprint
- Implement proper error handling
- Design for graceful degradation
- Protect against DoS attacks
- Implement circuit breakers for external services
- Perform regular security testing (SAST, DAST, IAST)
- Maintain a vulnerability management program
- Implement proper CI/CD security controls