- fetch
    - update your local copy of the remote branch
    - ex: git fetch origin master
- pull
    - fetch and merge
    - ex: git pull
- add
    - add a file to be committed
    - ex: git add -A
        - add all changes
- commit
    - create a commit from indexed changes, giving it a unique commit hash (some unique identifier)
    - ex: git commit -m'added new awesome code'
- push
    - push changes to the configured remote tracked branch
    - ex: git push
- diff
    - show any changes between the files' current state and the index
    - ex: git diff
    - ex: git diff --cached
- status
    - show any untracked files, changed files in or out of the index
    - ex: git status
- show
    - show the diff for a given commit (by default, the latest commit)
    - ex: git show
    - ex: git show a5f1e5152e1834811ef99bd7e1ad5253d4c9c35f
- log
    - show a list of commits and their commit messages, optionally showing the diff
    - ex: git log
    - ex: git log -1
        - add -<NUMBER> to show that many commits back
    - ex: git log -p -1
        - add -p to include a diff with each commit
- branch
    - show a list of branches
    - ex: git branch
    - ex: git branch -a
        - shows all branches, including remotes, etc.
- merge
    - merge two branches together (if not possible automatically, then interactively)
    - ex: git merge master
- remote
    - show information about configured remotes (like github)
    - ex: git remote -v
        - shows the exact url configured for the 
- tag
    - add or list tags (which can be on any reference)
    - ex: git tag
    - ex: git tag v0.1
- checkout
    - multiple things, depending on the flags/arguments given to it:
        - reset a changed file back to what the index thinks it was
            - ex: git checkout my_file
        - create a new branch
            - ex: git checkout -b topic/my_awesome_feature
        - start using a different branch
            - ex: git checkout topic/my_awesome_feature

- reset
    - can reset files to the index