# Cursor moving

    h - move left
    j - move down
    k - move up
    l - move right
    ctrl-b - page up
    ctrl-f - page down
    % - jump to matching brace
    w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
    W - jump by words (spaces separate words)
    e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
    E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)
    b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
    B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)
    ge - jump backward to end of words (punctuation considered words)
    gE - jump backward to end of words (no punctuation)
    0 - (zero) start of line
    ^ - first non-blank character of line
    $ - end of line
    _   move to first non-blank character of the line
    g_  move to last non-blank character of the line
    gg - Go to first line
    [N]G - Go To line N. No N: last line
    
    Note: Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example,
    4j moves down 4 lines.
    
# Inserting/Appending text
    
    i - start insert mode at cursor
    I - insert at the beginning of the line
    a - append after the cursor
    A - append at the end of the line
    o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)
    O - open blank line above current line
    ea - append at end of word
    Esc - exit insert mode
    
# Editing
    
    r - replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
    J - join line below to the current one
    cc - change (replace) an entire line
    cw - change (replace) to the end of word
    c$ - change (replace) to the end of line
    s - delete character at cursor and subsitute text
    S - delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
    xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
    u - undo
    ctrl-r - redo
    . - repeat last command
    ~ - switch case
    g~iw - switch case of current word
    gUiw - make current word uppercase
    guiw - make current word lowercase
    >> - indent line one column to right
    << - indet line one column to left
    == - auto-indent current line
    ddp - swap current line with next
    ddkP - swap current line with previous
    gg=G - Format all code
    <select block code>= - Format block code
    
    -- Comment code by "tomtom/tcomment_vim"
    gc<x>j - Toggle comment for the <x> line
    gcc - Toggle comment for the current line
    In visual mode:
    gc - Toggle comments
    g> - Comment selected text
    g< - Uncomment selected text
    
# Cut and Paste
    
    dd - delete (cut) a line
    dw - delete the current word
    x - delete current character
    X - delete previous character
    D - delete from cursor to end of line
    yy - yank (copy) a line
    2yy - yank 2 lines
    yw - yank word
    y$ - yank to end of line
    p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor/current line
    P - put (paste) before cursor/current line
    :set paste - avoid unexpected effects in pasting
    
# Visual Mode - Marking text
    
    v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)
    V - start Linewise visual mode
    o - move to other end of marked area
    U - upper case of marked area
    ctrl+v - start visual block mode
    O - move to Other corner of block
    aw - mark a word
    ab - a () block (with braces)
    aB - a {} block (with brackets)
    ib - inner () block
    iB - inner {} block
    Esc - exit visual mode
    
# Visual Mode

## Commands
    
    > - shift right
    < - shift left
    c - change (replace) marked text
    y - yank (copy) marked text
    d - delete (cut) marked text
    ~ - switch case
    
## Cut and paste
    
    1. Place the cursor at the start of your text.
    2. ma (marks the location as point 'a')
    3. Place the cursor at the end of your text.
    4. d'a (cuts back to location 'a')
    
## Exiting
    
    :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
    :wq - write (save) and quit
    :x - same as :wq
    :q - quit (fails if anything has changed)
    :q! - quit and throw away changes
    
# Search/Replace
    
    /pattern - search for pattern
    ?pattern - search backward for pattern
    n - repeat search in same direction
    N - repeat search in opposite direction
    :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
    :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations
    
# Working with multiple files
    
    :e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
    :n **/*.pl - Open all perl files under the current directory, recursively
    :tabe filename - Edit a file in a new tab (Vim7, gVim)
    :bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
    :bprev (or :bp) - go to previous buffer
    :bd - delete a buffer (close a file)
    :sp filename - Open a file in a new buffer and split window
    :vsp filename - Vertical split window with new open file
    ctrl-w s - Split windows
    ctrl-w(double) - switch between windows
    ctrl-w q - Quit a window
    ctrl-w v - Split windows vertically
    ctrl-w_ - maximize current window
    ctrl-w= - make all equal size
    
# Tabs (Vim7)

    {i}gt  - go to tab in position i
    gt - Next tab
    gT - Previous tab
    :tabr - First tab
    :tabl - Last tab
    :tabm [N] - Move current tab after tab N. No N: last. N=0: first.
    $vim -p file1 file2 fileN  - Open multiple files in different tabs (vim7) 
    
# Command Line Options
    
    $vim -c "vim command" file - execute an editor command on startup
    
# Commands
    
    :setlocal fileformat=dos|unix
    :setlocal fileencoding=utf-8
    
# More help
    
    :help - main help portal (with links to more help pages)
    :viusage - show a huge cheat sheet listing every command