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Rewrite rules are a pain.

WARNING:  "Options +FollowSymlinks"  Must be enabled for mod_rewrite to work!

Some servers may enable this at root level but disallow it in .htaccess
Causing a 500 error.  If that is the case just remove it and the rewrite
rules will continue to work.


When things are not working Add

#
# ONLY FOR TESTING REWRITE RULES!!!!!
#
RewriteLog "/tmp/rewrite.log"
#RewriteLogLevel 9
RewriteLogLevel 5

Now load the page, immediatally hit 'STOP' on the browser and restart
your apache within a couple of seconds.

As setting of 1 has almost no information, 5 is useful,  2 will probably have
enough info, 9 is gigabytes of information and seriously impact the server

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Map sub-directory from http to https

=======8<--------
# This will enable the Rewrite capabilities
RewriteEngine On

# This checks to make sure the connection is not already HTTPS
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} != on

# This rule will redirect users from HTTP to HTTPS protocols
RewriteRule . https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [R,L]
=======8<--------

WARNING: does not work for redirections involving user homes and ".htaccess"
files I do not know why as it does work for files in that directory, just not
the "index.html" file, when referanced as "http://.../directory/"

EG:
   http://localhost/~anthony/message.txt
redirected to
   https://localhost/home/anthony/public_html/message.txt

which will return "404 Not Found"  --- Arrggghhh....


Alternative Example....

<Directory /export/www/phpMyAdmin*>
  ...
  # Force use of HTTPS
  RewriteEngine On
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
  RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
</Directory>


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# Make all accesses from a specific web server address
# EG make any CNAME such as "example.com" to "www.example.com"

# And for a site running on port 80
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST}   !^www\.example\.com [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST}   !^$
RewriteRule ^/(.*)         http://www.example.com/$1 [L,R]

Redirect top level to a php script with path!

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^/$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}/index.php/pneumonia [R]

Note....
flags:  C - chain to following rule/condition
        L - last no more rules
        R - redirect client

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# Redirect whatever.htm requests to whatever.php
# The NC makes it case insensitive

Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^(.*)\.htm$ $1.php [NC]

# However "whatever.htm" will remain in the users browser URL

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# Redirect old to new page - regardless of directory/server location!
#
# Note the follow standard method for directory renames..
#
# RewriteRule   ^olddir(.*)$         newdir$1  [R]
#
# However in per-directory .htaccess files, in a users home directory, it
# fails due to pre ~home expandsion.  That is the prepended filepath is
# incorrect for the redirection.  Usally that is solved by using a
# "RewriteBase", but that does not help if the directory is on multiple
# machine and sub-directorys!
#
# As such the proper solution is to recover the originally requested URI
# path first so that you  can then modify the original request.
#
# The trailing ::: marker is needed to to a weird doubling
# of the trailing path/file that happens on my apache server.
#
# RewriteRule ^olddir/.*$        %{REQUEST_URI}:::  [C]
# RewriteRule ^(.*)/olddir/(.*):::  $1/newdir/$2      [R,L]

# Relative URI modification -- Independant of what server it is on
RewriteRule ^mosaics/                %{REQUEST_URI}:::  [C]
RewriteRule ^(.*)/mosaics/(.*):::    $1/layers/$2       [R=301,L]

RewriteRule ^manipulate/             %{REQUEST_URI}:::  [C]
RewriteRule ^(.*)/manipulate/(.*)::: $1/convolve/$2     [R=301,L]

# The 'L' tells the server to stop processing rules for this request at that
# point.
#   301 - permanent redirection    302 - Temporary redirection
#
# WARNING about 301
#
# Once the browser has been redirected permanently  to the wrong address, if
# you then go on to alter the wonky rule, your browser will still  be
# redirected to the old address (because it's a browser thing), and you may
# even go on to fix, and then break  the rule all over again without ever
# knowing it. Changes to 301 redirects can take a long time to show up in your
# browser.
#
# For testing use [R] instead of [R=301] until you have finished testing.

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# Redirect any URL not accessing a site via a specific host to use
# that specific host ALWAYS
Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^(my\.fhi\.com/)(:80)? [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://fhi.net/$1 [R=301,L]

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# Redirect any access from www.cit.gu.edu.au for a sub-directory
# to its new offical web site  http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/
# Any sub-path and query string is also added to the new URL.
# R = Redirect to external,  L = last rewrite,  QSA = include query string
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On

# General redirect to the offical web site from old site
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} ^www\.cit\.gu\.edu\.au$
RewriteRule ^(.*)  http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/$1  [R,L,QSA]

</IfModule>

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For more cookbook examples see...

  http://corz.org/serv/tricks/htaccess2.php

# 'flatting' script arguments.
# That is making a link look like a path when path components are script
# arguments

RewriteRule ^blog/([0-9]+)-([a-z]+)   http://corz.org/blog/index.php?archive=$1-$2 [NC]

thus    http://corz.org/blog/2003-nov
internally means  http://corz.org/blog/index.php?archive=2003-nov


OR  Shortening long URL's

Remove the 'www' from the URL host  Note the use of %1 and $1

Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.*) [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://%1/$1 [R=301,NC,L]


 

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