The method works on the basis of calculating the address of an m3u8 playlist link for the stream, which might (though not necessarily has to) still exist even if the VOD has been deleted on the website. First of all, we need to obtain the streamer name, stream ID and the start time of the Stream - sounds difficult if the VOD is not accessible using Twitch's website. Luckily, it's possible to find some stream metadata using tools like TwitchTracker.
https://twitchtracker.com/zackrawrr/streams/44841720763
-> Streamer name: zackrawrr - extract from the URL
-> Stream ID: 44841720763 - extract from the URL