This text now lives at https://github.com/MarcDiethelm/contributing/blob/master/README.md. I turned it into a Github repo so you can, you know, contribute to it by making pull requests.

If you want to contribute to a project and make it better, your help is very welcome. Contributing is also a great way to learn more about social coding on Github, new technologies and and their ecosystems and how to make constructive, helpful bug reports, feature requests and the noblest of all contributions: a good, clean pull request.

The git command-line utility has plenty of inconsistencies http://steveko.wordpress.com/2012/02/24/10-things-i-hate-about-git/

A GUI like http://sourcetreeapp.com is often helpful, but staying on the command line usually quicker. This is a list of the commands I use most frequently, listed by functional category:

git status list which (unstaged) files have changed