You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session.Dismiss alert
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
@@ -8735,1008 +8735,4 @@ To avoid obscuring the view of the railway line, a safety distance of 5 meters m
+ ✅ Wheel suspension-spring is damaged
> If the steering wheel flutters while driving, defective shock absorbers may be the reason. They prevent vertical movements of the tires. Damage of the suspension can also be a possible cause. The same flutter effect is also caused by wheels with an imbalance.
### What should I ensure when refilling with engine oil?
+ ❌ That I refill the engine oil while the engine is running
+ ✅ That I use engine oil that meets the vehicle manufacturer's specifications
+ ✅ That I do not exceed the maximum fill level
> Engine oil may only be used according to the specifications of the manufacturer. You are only allowed to refill the right oil. Make sure that you do not exceed the maximum permissible fill level, otherwise damage to the motor may occur. Never fill engine oil while the engine is running.
### You have to remove a defective tyre. In what sequence should you proceed?
+ ✅ Secure the vehicle against rolling away, position the car jack, loosen the wheel nuts, jack up the vehicle, remove the wheel nuts
+ ❌ Secure the vehicle against rolling away, position the car jack, jack up the vehicle, loosen the wheel nuts, remove the wheel nuts
+ ❌ Position the car jack, secure the vehicle against rolling away, loosen the wheel nuts, jack up the vehicle, remove the wheel nuts
> Secure the vehicle against rolling away unintentionally. Put the jack on. Loosen the wheel nuts while the vehicle is still in contact with the ground. Lift with the help of the jack. Unscrew the wheel nuts.
### The brake lights do not function. What do you do?
+ ❌ Renew the brake fluid
+ ✅ Repair them immediately
> A defect in the brake lights must be rectified immediately in order not to endanger anyone on the road and to avoid accidents. Defective bulbs or broken fuses can be a cause for malfunctioning brake lights.
### What is the impact on your vehicle if you operate the steering wheel while stationary?
+ ✅ A heavy strain is exerted on the front axle mechanism
+ ❌ Steering is made easier
+ ✅ The tyre tread can be damaged
> Attempting to steer your vehicle while standing requires much more effort than when it's rolling. This increased effort is transferred to the entire steering including the track rod. This is more stressed than when steering while driving.
### Whilst driving, your vehicle pulls to the right. What can be the reason for this?
+ ❌ Loose steering shock absorber
+ ✅ Wheel alignment not in order
+ ✅ Steering axle bent
> If your vehicle pulls to the right while driving, the wheel position may be responsible. But even a bent axle guide can be the cause. In contrast, the steering damper usually has no influence on the directional stability of your vehicle.
### Too little water is coming out of the windscreen washer jets. What can cause this?
+ ❌ Too much water in the reservoir
+ ✅ Defective washer pump
+ ✅ Jets are partly blocked
> The windshield washer nozzles of your vehicle may be partially clogged if too little water comes out of them. The cause of the malfunctioning windscreen washer could also be a defect of the water pump. Too much water is not considered a cause of the error.
### What is the effect of an automatic anti-locking device (ABS)?
+ ✅ The vehicle is braked in the best possible way also on wet roadways
+ ❌ Aquaplaning is prevented
+ ✅ Steering control is largely retained when braking
> An antilocking system ensures that the wheels of a vehicle do not block even when the car driver performs an emergency stop. The car remains at least limitedly steerable and the braking distance does not change even on slippery roads. In aquaplaning, a water gore between the road surface and the tires is created mainly by high speeds. Floating of the vehicle is not prevented by the antilocking system.
### What should be noted when changing a tyre using a car jack?
+ ❌ The car jack must always be placed at the mid-point of the vehicle's length
+ ✅ The car jack may only be applied at the positioning points specified by the vehicle manufacturer
+ ✅ The ground surface must always be stable and skid-resistant
> To attach the jack, the vehicle driver must use the mounting points provided by the manufacturer. A safe surface with anti-slip properties is absolutely necessary for this.
### You want to overtake. What is the right course of action now?
+ ✅ I refrain from overtaking the truck, because I do not have a clear view over the necessary stretch of road
+ ❌ I follow the motorbike, because the truck is using its indicators to signal an opportunity to overtake
+ ❌ I reduce my distance to the truck, to enable me to overtake more quickly
> You should not overtake the truck, because you can not see the required for this route.
### With what can a cruise control system (speed limiter) assist you?
+ ✅ With maintaining a constant speed
+ ❌ With maintaining the minimum distance to the vehicle ahead
+ ✅ With maintaining an energy-saving driving style
> Cruise control keeps your car at a constant speed, but does not control the distance to the vehicle in front of you. While you take your foot off the gas pedal and focus solely on the road, you save fuel at the same time.
### [The white car] wants to turn left. What is the right course of action if [the car] fails to stop?
+ ✅ I reduce my speed
+ ✅ I waive my right of way
+ ❌ I sound my horn and continue driving as before
> The white car wants to turn left and there you does not indicate whether this will continue (you have right of way)'d rather precaution to your right of way and decrease the speed.
### You want to overtake. What should you do?
+ ❌ - at the same time, as the [blue car]
+ ✅ - only if I have a clear view over the necessary stretch of road
> The correct behavior is (ahead) here, do not overtake, because the yellow car could overtake and could emerge oncoming traffic. (restricted view)
### What are the advantages of an automatic anti-locking device (ABS)?
+ ❌ On setting off, wheelspin is prevented
+ ✅ It is possible to brake heavily and avoid an obstacle at the same time
+ ❌ The danger of tipping over is reduced when braking on bends
> An anti-lock braking system is particularly useful for heavy braking on wet or dirty roads. It counteracts possible locking of the wheels by controlling the brake pressure at short intervals. This prevents the vehicle from breaking out of the lane. The antilocking system has no effect on driving in curves. Spinning of the wheels when starting can prevent the traction control system (TCS), not the antilocking system.
### What is the right course of action now?
+ ❌ - overtake carefully, because the tractor is demanding I do so
+ ✅ - do not overtake, because the tractor wants to pull out to the left
+ ❌ - overtake immediately, because the overtaking distance is large enough
> You should not overtake because the tractor to the left (see indicators) will swing out.
### What is the right course of action when reversing?
+ ✅ - ensure the road area is safe by additionally looking all around me
+ ✅ - drive slowly and attentively
+ ✅ - make sure that no-one is located in my blind spot
> When reversing look back and secure the traffic space also by a panoramic view, drive carefully and slowly and eighth safety consideration, there are no people in the blind spot that is.
### You are approaching a sharp left-hand bend at high speed. Why is it necessary to reduce your speed before you have actually reached the bend?
+ ❌ - could slide off to the left along the bend
+ ✅ - could slide off to the right along the bend
+ ✅ - could begin to skid
> Because of your high speed you can right slip out of the curve and skidded due to the centrifugal force with your vehicle. That's why you should have lower ahead of the curve speed.
### What should I be aware of when using an adaptive cruise control system?
+ ✅ I must remain constantly attentive even when using the system for a longer period
+ ✅ Activating the accelerator or brake pedal can always override the system
+ ✅ The system can be affected by heavy rain or snow fall
> An adaptive speed control system evaluates the position and the speed of the vehicle in front of you. By doing so, it aligns the speed and distance of your vehicle, including appropriate adaptive engine control and brake interventions (in-phase control). Nevertheless, you as a car driver, should not be distracted. You can influence the system at any time. Because the system function can be affected by weather conditions.
> You should abort the overtaking because the tractor would turn left and because of oncoming traffic may be hampered.
### What function is performed by an adaptive cruise control system on a motor vehicle?
+ ✅ - brakes independently, when the vehicle ahead is moving slower
+ ❌ - automatically maintains the prescribed safety distance
+ ✅ - independently accelerates the vehicle to a previously configured speed
> An adaptive cruise control system, also known as adaptive cruise control, determines the position and the speed of the vehicle in front of you with a sensor and adjusts the speed and the distance of the subsequent vehicle. This is adaptively regulated with engine control and brake intervention (in-phase control). The system cannot recognize and set the prescribed safety distance.
> Since the vehicle has already started behind you the overtaking, you should refrain from overtaking.
### What could happen if the cruise control system (speed limiter) is switched off too late?
+ ✅ Exceeding the permissible maximum speed
+ ✅ Excessively high cornering speed
+ ✅ Tailgating
> The speed controller constantly keeps a set speed. So, when driving into road sections with speed limits, you may exceed the maximum speed. You can drive in corners at too fast a speed. The controller cannot correct the distance. If you turn off the device too late, you might get too close.
> In this situation, you should immediately reduce speed but can not avoid the same time.
### What are the advantages of an automatic anti-locking device (ABS)?
+ ❌ Bends can be taken considerably faster
+ ✅ The wheels do not lock when braking
+ ✅ Steering control is retained even when braking heavily
> The antilocking system has the advantage that it prevents locking of the wheels when braking on wet or dirty tracks. For this purpose, the brake pressure is regulated at short intervals. Normal driving characteristics are not affected by the ABS.
# Driving with solo motor vehicles and trains, people and goods
### How are you allowed to transport a small child in your car?
+ ✅ In an approved child restraint with test mark
+ ❌ On the lap of an adult
+ ❌ In a baby carrycot on one of the back seats
> Toddlers must be specially secured. This is only possible with an age-appropriate restraining device. This is to be mounted on the back seat. Infants are at risk to be suffocated by the airbag in the event of an impact. A baby seat is not secure enough.
### What does this warning sign mean?
+ ❌ - you must install the child seat as illustrated
+ ✅ - you may only install a child seat facing the direction in which the vehicle is travelling
+ ✅ - you are not allowed to install a child seat opposite to the direction in which the vehicle is travelling
> The note warns against the wrong installation of the children's seat. If the children's seat is mounted so that the child sits in the opposite direction of travel, the child may be seriously injured in the event of a collision and the impact of the airbag. The children's seat must be installed in the direction of travel.
> You are on a turning priority road and you want to leave straight ahead. The cyclist follows the course of the priority road and therefore has priority over you. The car from the left must grant you right of way according to the rule "left yields to right".
### What do you have to make sure of regarding the load on your vehicle?
+ ✅ My vehicle may not exceed the gross axle weight rating
+ ❌ My vehicle may exceed the gross vehicle weight rating by a maximum of 5%
+ ✅ I have to use suitable equipment to prevent the load from shifting
> When loading your vehicle, you must not exceed the permissible axial loads. You must secure the cargo in accordance with the recognized rules of engineering
### A car is equipped with two front air bags. On which seats must safety belts be worn?
+ ✅ On all seats
+ ❌ On the front seats only
+ ❌ Not on the front seats
> The front airbags protect the car driver and the co-driver in the front seat in the event of a strong impact, for example a rear-end collision. However, they are not sufficient for comprehensive protection. All passengers must fasten their seat belts each time they drive.
### What must you remember when parking a trailer without a truck?
+ ✅ - may not be parked for more than 2 weeks on public roads
+ ✅ - may be parked for more than 2 weeks on specially designated parking spaces
+ ❌ - may be parked for an unlimited period of time on adequate hard shoulders
> Please note that you may not leave your vehicle trailers on regular parking spaces for more than two weeks if they are not attached to a towing vehicle. Incidentally, the same also applies to hard shoulders. Accordingly marked parking lots are excluded from this regulation.
### How must a load projecting more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors of the vehicle be marked in darkness?
+ ❌ By an orange warning plate
+ ❌ By switching the fog tail lamp on
+ ✅ By a red light and red rear reflector
> If you carry cargo that protrudes more than 1 m from the end of the vehicle, it must be marked accordingly by a red light and a red reflector. Thus, the end of the load is made visible to the traffic behind you and a correspondingly high safety distance can be maintained. An orange warning sign shows the transport of dangerous goods subject to marking. The rear fog lamp does not improve the visibility and must not be used.
### What must you ensure before setting off on a journey in your car?
+ ✅ That you have an adequate view to the rear
+ ✅ That the passengers can put on the existing safety belts
+ ✅ That no objects (e.g. first-aid kit, road atlas, camera) are lying loose on the rear parcel shelf
> The car driver is responsible for the safety of the passengers and the cargo. He/she must take all necessary measures to prevent or minimize damage. The loading must be carried out in accordance with regulations and must be carefully secured.
### At which impact speed must you reckon with serious or deadly injuries when no safety belt is worn?
+ ❌ From 80 km/h onward
+ ✅ From 30 km/h onward
+ ❌ From 50 km/h onward
> Without a seat belt, serious injuries can occur in a collision just over 20 km/h. This also applies to rear-end collisions which are often wrongly considered harmless. That's why you should always fasten your seat belt, even on short distances.
### You are driving a truck with a trailer and wish to give someone a lift as a favour. Where are you allowed to carry such a passenger?
+ ❌ On the floor of the truck
+ ✅ In the driver's cab
+ ❌ On the floor of the trailer
> For safety reasons, you may only carry people inside the cab of a truck. Taking somebody with you on the load platform is not permitted. Only certain persons may exceptionally ride on the loading platform, if, for example, they are responsible for escorting the load.
### What must you be aware of if you want to transport a load?
+ ✅ - may not slide even when I brake
+ ❌ - may never project over the front of the vehicle
+ ✅ - may not interfere with me
> The load must be carefully secured so that it can't fall down. The car driver may not be handicapped by the load, not even in his/her visibility. The permissible dimensions and weight limits must be observed. At the front, the load may protrude only above a height of 2.5 m by a maximum of 50 cm. This regulation reduces the risk of injury in the event of a rear-end collision.
### Which factors lengthen your braking distance?
+ ✅ A wet or slippery roadway
+ ✅ Towing a trailer not fitted with brakes
+ ✅ Driving down slopes
> The braking distance of a vehicle is extended: 1. on a steep hill, 2. on a wet or slippery road surface, 3. if the vehicle has to carry an additional load. The reasons for the extended braking distances are: On a steep hill, acceleration force is caused by gravity. On wet or slippery roads, the static friction between tires and road surface is reduced. Additional load increases the mass that needs to come to a stop.
### How are you allowed to transport a five-year-old child in your car?
+ ❌ On a back seat with waist belt fastened
+ ❌ In a back seat with standard three-point safety belt
+ ✅ In a suitable and approved child seat with test mark
> If you want to bring a five-year-old child with you in your car, you must use a child seat that has been tested and adapted to the size of the child. This is mandatory for all children under 12 years.
### Why is it dangerous if passengers sitting in the rear do not wear their seatbelts?
+ ✅ - could result in injuries to persons in the front seats
+ ✅ - could propel these persons from the vehicle
+ ✅ - could result in injuries even at low speeds
> In the event of a collision, people on the rear seats can be thrown forward or sideways. If they are thrown forward, the front backrests do not provide adequate protection. As a result, the driver and co-driver are at risk. Even at low speeds, injuries can occur.
### What is the significance of orange warning plates on a vehicle?
+ ❌ - cattle
+ ✅ - dangerous goods
+ ❌ - easily perishable food
> An orange warning sign indicates vehicles that are loaded with dangerous goods as so-called hazardous materials transportation. Other car drivers should be warned this way. In the event of a traffic accident, the orange warning sign serves as a clue to the emergency services.
### From what height it is permitted for loads to project up to 50 cm in front of your vehicle?
+ ❌ 2.00 m
+ ❌ 3.00 m
+ ✅ 2.50 m
> If your vehicle has a height of up to 2.5 m, the cargo may protrude forwards by 50 cm. This cargo projection up to 50 cm is also permitted on trains and must never be exceeded in order to minimize the risk of injury in rear-end collisions.
### What should be borne in mind when using an approved child seat with test mark?
+ ✅ The child seat must be capable of attachment to the seat of the vehicle for which it is intended
+ ✅ The child seat must be appropriate for the height and weight of the child
+ ❌ Nothing apart from the test mark
> Child seats are made for different age groups. They are safety-tested for the specified weight and size groups. You should pay attention to this when using it. The child seat may only be used on those car seats for which it is suitable and approved.
### Why is it dangerous not to wear safety belts?
+ ✅ Because you cannot adequately protect yourself in case of an impact at a speed of about 20 km/h
+ ❌ Because of the low speed there is no danger in urban traffic
+ ✅ Because in case of an accident you can be projected out of the vehicle
> In an accident, a person may be easily thrown out of the vehicle by the impact energy, or injured in the vehicle by a collision. Already at 20 km/h the impact energy is so high that injuries can occur.
### What can red-white warning plates on vehicles indicate?
+ ✅ A vehicle with excessive width
+ ✅ A trailer parked on the roadway within a built-up area
+ ❌ A vehicle transporting dangerous goods
> Red and white warning signs point to vehicles with excess width (e.g., abnormal wide agricultural vehicles). Trailers parked inside a built-up area must either be illuminated or marked with reflective warning signs. So, warning signs do not refer to hazmat trucks.
### What can be the effect of an overload of only 20%?
+ ✅ The brakes may be overstrained
+ ✅ There may be too much strain on the load-bearing parts of the vehicle
+ ✅ Steering may become worse
> The entire vehicle design, the drivability and the center of gravity of a car are matched and tested by the manufacturer to a certain maximum permissible load limit. Exceeding the maximum limit can affect the driving behavior of the vehicle negatively. In addition, you risk permanent damage, such as warping and breaking load-bearing parts on your car.
### What must you check when transporting bicycles on a rear-mounted support system?
+ ✅ Whether system and bicycles are fixed safely
+ ✅ Whether, according to the manufacturer's instructions, the system is adequate for the vehicle
+ ✅ Whether lighting equipment or number plate are covered
> Check if the rear carry system is securely fastened. Likewise, the attachment of bicycles is to be checked. If illuminating devices or the license plate is obscured, technical equipment must be installed at the end of the vehicle system for adequate lighting and/or to attach the license plate number. Back-heavy loading changes the center of gravity of the vehicle. Check the distribution of the load.
### What must you do when transporting bicycles on the roof of your car?
+ ✅ Avoid driving at high speed
+ ✅ Safely attach holding device and bicycles
+ ✅ Regularly check the fixing devices
> Bicycles on the roof require special attention: think of safety regulations and careful attachment. Check the fastenings regularly during driving breaks. Loads on the roof change the center of gravity of the vehicle, they lift it. The driving quality deteriorates especially in curves. Avoid high speeds.
### You are entering a public road e.g. from a field or building site and considerably soil the road. Who is responsible for eliminating this traffic obstruction?
+ ❌ The persons living along this section of the road
+ ✅ You, as you have caused it
+ ❌ The competent road-building authority
> If you significantly pollute a road due to leaving an unpaved area, then you, the polluter, must clean it.
### What must you be aware of, if you want to transport the load?
+ ✅ - must be secured
+ ✅ - may not cause avoidable noise
+ ❌ - may have individual bars projecting out to the side
> When loading your vehicle, you as a car driver must make sure that the cargo is securely fastened. Badly recognizable objects as well as piles, bars or plates must not protrude laterally from the vehicle interior. The cargo must be stored in a way so that it does not cause any avoidable noise.
### How can you prevent a child from opening a door while the vehicle is moving?
+ ❌ - the central locking system
+ ✅ - the child safety locks on the rear doors
> With the central locking, and child safety you can close all doors at the push of a button at the same time. This way you can prevent a child from opening the door while driving and thus being injured.
### During a break you find out that one of the lashing straps has torn. What do you do?
+ ✅ Continue your trip when the load is secured by other sufficient securing means
+ ✅ Continue your trip after the lashing strap has been replaced
+ ❌ Continue your trip because a slipping load will be caught by the side panels
> As a car driver, you must ensure that your cargo is properly secured throughout the journey. With a defective strap, you may only continue your journey if proper securing of the cargo is ensured by other securing devices. If this is not the case, you must not continue your journey.
### How must a load be marked in darkness or bad visibility when it extends laterally more than 40 cm beyond the side lights of the vehicle?
+ ✅ By a white light to the front
+ ❌ By switching on the hazard warning lights
+ ✅ By a red light to the back
> In the dark or in poor visibility conditions, a cargo that laterally protrudes more than 40 cm beyond the marker lights of the vehicle must be marked with additional lights. These are to be attached laterally no more than 40 cm from the edge and no more than 1.5 m above the roadway. For the front, a white lamp is required, for the back you need to install a red light. The hazard lights must not be switched on by you as a car driver while driving.
### A single axle caravan with overrun brake is parked on a downhill slope. How do you have to secure it to prevent it from rolling away?
+ ❌ Put one wheel chock in front and one behind the same wheel
+ ✅ Apply the parking brake
+ ✅ Put wheel chocks in front of the wheels
> In order to protect your caravan from rolling away, you must place the wheel chocks in front of the wheels and additionally secure the trailer with the parking brake.
### What do white plates with a black "A" on a truck mean?
+ ❌ - is driven by a beginner
+ ✅ - is transporting waste materials
+ ❌ - is transporting dangerous goods
> A truck with white plates marked with a black "A" transports litter. The white plates with a black "A" must be clearly visible both at the front and at the back of the truck.
### What must you bear in mind if you want to carry luggage on the roof of your car?
+ ✅ The roadhandling characteristics are adversely affected
+ ✅ The maximum roof load stipulated by the car manufacturer (owner's manual) must not be exceeded
+ ✅ The permissible total mass must not be exceeded
> Luggage on the roof changes the center of gravity of your vehicle upwards. This has a significant influence on the driving characteristics of the car. The driving characteristics are worse, especially in curves. The vehicle is wind-prone. It must be ensured that the permissible roof load and total mass are not exceeded.
### What must you reckon with when transporting luggage on the roof of your car?
+ ❌ The vehicle's roadhandling is improved on account of the higher centre of gravity
+ ✅ The vehicle inclines more on bends
+ ✅ The vehicle's susceptibility to side wind is greater
> The luggage on the roof changes the center of gravity of the vehicle - it is raised. This increases the danger of tipping over and the aerodynamic drag increases. As a result, your vehicle is more sensitive to crosswind and air pressure when a wheel or truck overtakes you. In curves the driving stability also deteriorates due to the higher center of gravity. Your vehicle will tilt more.
### What must be remembered with regard to vehicles with canvass covers?
+ ✅ Unloaded trailers with high canvass cover superstructure are particularly sensitive to side wind
+ ❌ When vehicles have canvass covers, a load must not be specially secured
+ ✅ The canvass covers must not obstruct the driver's rear view through the outside mirrors
> For vehicles with tarpaulin you must take care that the view to the back is not impaired. Especially with unloaded trailers with high tarpaulins there is a risk of crosswind.
### While you are driving, the airbag control light stays on constantly. What must you do?
+ ❌ Take the vehicle off the road immediately
+ ❌ Nothing because it is an indication for the garage workshop
+ ✅ Go to a garage workshop
> If the airbag control lamp is lit up, it signals a defect in the airbag system. An error of this sensory and electronic system can usually only be fixed in a car workshop. This should be done as soon as possible. For this reason, you as a car driver do not have to immediately pull the vehicle out of circulation.
### What must you do to avoid endangering others by equipment or load which has fallen off your vehicle?
+ ✅ - remove the parts yourself
+ ❌ - proceed and inform the nearest municipal office
+ ✅ - secure the danger spot and immediately inform the road service or police
> You must immediately remove any objects from the roadway that have fallen down and endanger other road users. Secure the danger zone. If necessary, contact the police or road services.
### Do the requirements for properly securing of loads apply to all small transporters?
+ ❌ They only apply to small transporters with open loading space
+ ❌ They only apply to small transporters without separation wall to the loading space
+ ✅ They apply to all small transporters
> Without exception, the requirements for proper securing of the load apply to all vans. Back-heavy loading shifts the center of gravity of the vehicle to the back. As a result, the front wheel is no longer sufficiently burdened and the grip deteriorates. This promotes dangerous pendular movements.
### You want to transport your holiday luggage on the roof of your fully occupied car. What must you observe?
+ ✅ The gross vehicle weight rating of my car
+ ❌ The roof load specifications contained in the registration certificate Part I
+ ✅ The vehicle manufacturer's roof load specifications in the operating manual
> Observe the permissible roof load specified by the vehicle manufacturer. This can be found in the operating instructions. In the certificate of registration part 1 the roof load is not noted. The permissible maximum mass of the vehicle must not be exceeded. Unevenly distributed load deteriorates driving stability during braking and in turns.
### Under what conditions is a load allowed to project over the front of a vehicle?
+ ✅ If the load does not project over more than 50 cm and is above a height of 2.50 m
+ ❌ If the load is marked with a red light
> If the cargo is fastened above a height of 2.50 m, it may protrude up to 50 cm from the front of the vehicle. This regulation is intended to reduce the danger and risk of injury from rear-end collisions with cargo. In general, cargo should always be carefully secured so that it can neither slip nor fall.
### What should be noted when loading vehicles?
+ ✅ Loads that project beyond the retro-reflectors by more than 1 m, must be labelled
+ ❌ It is not necessary to secure heavy loads
+ ✅ Loads more than 2.50 m high may not project forwards by more than 50 cm
> Cargo may protrude above a height of 2.50 m forward up to 50 cm above the vehicle. If the load protrudes more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors of the vehicle, the end must be visually marked. Cargo needs to be secured carefully. Back-heavy loading causes dangerous pendular movements when driving faster. For motorcycles, ensure that the load is evenly distributed on the sides.
### What is the maximum height allowed above the roadway for a red light marking a load extending to the back?
+ ❌ 2.00 m
+ ✅ 1.50 m
+ ❌ 2.50 m
> The maximum height for attaching the lamp is 1.5 meters. This is to ensure that the marking is in the field of vision of other road users. If the red light is higher above the road, it could be overlooked.
### You wish to take several small children home after a children's birthday party. What must you observe when using your car?
+ ❌ Child restraints need not be used within built-up areas
+ ❌ It is sufficient to secure the children with the existing safety belts
+ ✅ The children must be secured with the prescribed child restraints
> If you want to bring several small children home with your car, you must ensure that your passengers are secured in all places with the legally required restraining devices.
### What must you check on a car with a caravan trailer before setting out on a journey?
+ ❌ Whether the passengers in the caravan trailer have put on their safety belts
+ ✅ Whether the lights of the trailer are working
+ ✅ Whether the view through the rear-view mirrors is adequate
> Caravans restrict the view to the back. Therefore, you must check before the start of the journey, if the mirrors provide sufficient visibility to the back. You also need to make sure that the illuminating devices are working.
### You are in your car towing a trailer on a road with oncoming traffic and want to turn left. What must you particularly remember when you set off again?
+ ✅ Consider the reduced acceleration capacity
+ ❌ Warn oncoming traffic by flashing your lights
+ ✅ Think about the length of your car and trailer combination
> With a trailer you have a lower accelerating ability, changed mass and a greater total length. This must be taken into consideration when you're starting your car again. Oncoming traffic must not be warned in this case by using the flash light.
### You want to tow a singe-axle caravan trailer behind your car. What must you check?
+ ✅ If the permissible trailer load or the permissible coupling of the car are exceeded
+ ✅ If additional rear-view mirrors must be mounted because of the width of the trailer
+ ❌ If the trailer is licensed to transport passengers
> The caravan reduces the view to the back. You as a car driver have to check whether the rear view through the existing mirrors is sufficient. You may need to attach extra mirrors to your car. Towing vehicle and trailer must always be coordinated.
### What is designated as towed load?
+ ❌ The useful load of the trailer
+ ❌ The permissible total mass of the trailer
+ ✅ The actual load being towed
> Only the actually dragged load is called trailer load, in other words the weight of the trailer. The manufacturer sets this value for carrying a trailer.
### A single-axle trailer has an actual gross weight of 600 kg. What is the minimum possible vertical load?
+ ❌ 90 kg (= 15%)
+ ✅ 24 kg (= 4%)
+ ❌ 60 kg (= 10%)
> The bearing load is the mass that rests on the coupling device of the towing vehicle. To determine it, the car driver can place a piece of wood or a pipe underneath the coupling point of the trailer and place a bathroom scale underneath. The bearing load is displayed. The minimum load to be carried by the towing vehicle shall not be less than 4% of the trailer's total weight for trailers with a gross vehicle weight of not more than 3.5 tons. However, a minimum load of 25 kg is sufficient. In this example, the minimum support load is 24 kg. When loading the trailer, you, as a car driver, must be careful not to undercut or exceed the minimum and maximum permitted load. By shifting the load, you can influence the bearing load.
### You want to pull a trailer. When do additional rear-view mirrors have be to attached to your motor vehicle?
+ ❌ If you are pulling a caravan or a trailer used in agriculture and forestry
+ ❌ If the load platform of the trailer exceeds a width of 1.5 m and a height of 1 m
+ ✅ If it is not possible to observe all relevant road traffic situations without additional rear-view mirrors
> As a car driver you are responsible for a sufficient view of the vehicle. If visibility is compromised by a trailer and the prescribed mirrors are no longer sufficient, you will need to install additional mirrors.
### You want to couple a trailer to your car. Where will you find details about the maximum permissible vertical loading of your car?
+ ❌ - registration certificate Part II
+ ✅ - registration certificate Part I
+ ✅ - operating manual
> Information about the permissible trailer load can be found in part 1 in the certificate of registration of the car towing vehicle and in its operating instructions.
### You are holding a driving permit class B. Your car has the following specifications: - empty mass 1900 kg - permissible total mass 2400 kg - permissible towed load 1500 kg Which trailer are you allowed to tow?
+ ❌ 1200 kg
+ ✅ 1000 kg
+ ❌ 1500 kg
> Regardless of the information, a vehicle plus a trailer may only have a restricted total weight of 3,500 kg for a Class B driving license. When the car is fully loaded, the loaded trailer must not weigh more than 1,100 kg. Exception: The car has a maximum permissible mass of 3,500 kg and the trailer weighs less than 750 kg.
### What changes when a caravan trailer is towed?
+ ✅ Hasty movements of the steering wheel increase the danger of skidding
+ ✅ The distance for overtaking increases considerably
+ ❌ The braking distance is reduced considerably
> If you drive with a caravan, not only does it increase the risk of skidding, the overtaking and braking distances will be longer as well. This is due to the additional load to be pulled and the pulling motion of the trailer.
### What must you remember when you want to use a trailer with overrun brakes behind your car?
+ ✅ The breakaway cable is connected to the towing vehicle
+ ✅ The permissible total mass of the trailer must not exceed the towed load permitted for the car
+ ❌ The permissible maximum speed of this combination of vehicles is 60 km/h, also on autobahns
> Make sure that the breakaway cable is properly fastened. It has the effect that, in case of detachment, the trailer brake will automatically tighten and bring the trailer to a halt. The overrun brake has nothing to do with the maximum permissible speed.
### You want to couple up a trailer with ball coupling. What is correct?
+ ❌ The jack wheel must be set so that it can also run when driving
+ ✅ The claw of the coupling must fit securely around the ball. The locking device must engage
+ ✅ The electrics must be connected
> In a trailer with ball clutch, the clutch dog must firmly enclose the spherical head. The fuse must engage. Make sure the electrical connection works. The support wheel must not run while driving. It must be locked in high position.
### You are driving on a road with potholes and your trailer starts "jumping". What must you do?
+ ❌ Accelerate to keep the combination of vehicles straight
+ ❌ Proceed at the same speed and avoid potholes
+ ✅ Reduce speed in order to avoid skidding
> You should not accelerate any further as this would cause the trailer to build up vibrations. Brake slightly instead. A reduced speed brings the trailer back under control.
### You want to tow a brake-equipped trailer. Where can you find details or guidelines on the permissible towable mass of your car?
+ ✅ In the registration certificate Part I of my car
+ ❌ In the registration certificate Part I of my trailer
+ ❌ In the insurance certificate
> The information on how much weight a towing vehicle can tow can be found in the registration certificate (part 1) and in the vehicle owner's manual.
### What changes in a car when towing a two-axle trailer?
+ ❌ Driving stability increases
+ ✅ More space is needed when turning and driving round bends
+ ✅ Acceleration capacity is reduced
> The combination of car and trailer requires more space when driving on bends and when turning. Likewise, the mass changes the accelerating ability. It is decreasing significantly.
### With which vehicles are you not allowed to drive on a road sign-posted like this?
+ ✅ Tractor with trailer, total length of the combination 12 m
+ ✅ Car with caravan trailer, total length of the combination 11 m
> The red round circle in the traffic sign always indicates a ban. Vehicles whose actual length exceeds 10 m may not drive on this road. Even vehicles with trailers whose total length exceeds 10 m may not continue on this road. This indicates road conditions that are not passable with longer vehicles.
### You are in your car towing a trailer which has no brakes and you approach a long steep downhill slope. What is correct?
+ ✅ Make allowance for the pushing effect of the trailer
+ ✅ Reduce speed, if necessary, engage low gear in time, be ready to brake
+ ❌ Relieve the car brakes by disengaging the clutch at frequent intervals
> Reduce your speed on time. Us a gear as low as possible. The thus activated engine brake supports the braking action of the pedal braking. By no means you should put your car in idling. This would make the vehicle faster.
### You are driving in the wet in a car with trailer on a narrow rural road and are approaching a clearly visible but tight left-hand bend. What should you do?
+ ✅ I remain in the centre of the lane and only accelerate again once I am back on the straight
+ ❌ I only brake once I have reached the apex of the bend
+ ✅ I reduce my speed before the bend
> Decrease your speed before the turn. Take the weather conditions into account. Keep in mind that the centrifugal force grows twice as fast as the speed. You should only accelerate again in the curve vertex.
### What is the correct response if, when reversing a combination vehicle the view to the rear is impeded?
+ ❌ A person directing is only required when driving into a priority road
+ ❌ A person directing is not needed when on a factory premises
+ ✅ If the line-of-sight is broken to the person directing, the vehicle must be stopped
> If you drive backwards with a vehicle combination and your view is restricted to the rear, you must make sure that you do not endanger other road users. You should therefore be advised into traffic. This also applies to factory premises.
### What must you do after coupling up a single-axle trailer with overrun brakes?
+ ✅ Attach the brakeaway cable to the coupling of the motor vehicle
+ ✅ Check that the brakes are working
+ ✅ Raise the jack wheel, if fitted, to the highest setting
> The breakaway cable must be hung on the coupling device of the towing vehicle. With an overrun brake, the trailer brakes automatically when the connection to the towing vehicle breaks off. The function of the brake must be checked. The support wheel must not run while driving, so it should be brought to the upper position.
### You are in your car towing a fully loaded trailer which has no brakes. What is correct?
+ ✅ Braking distance increases
+ ❌ Reaction distance increases
+ ❌ Stopping distance reduces
> Note that a fully loaded trailer without its own brake extends the braking distance and thus the stopping distance by the respective trailer load. The thinking distance does not change in this case.
### What is the effect of the cornering characteristics of a combination vehicle (car towing a caravan) when taking a turn?
+ ✅ - can cut the corner
+ ✅ - can jut out
+ ❌ - generally follows the track of the car
> Despite careful driving, it is possible that the trailer cuts the curve or even swings out. The car driver must therefore proceed with caution in order to exclude hazards to others.
### Up to what height is a load not allowed to project over the front of the vehicle?
> The red lamp, which marks the rear projecting cargo, may be installed at a maximum height of 2.50 m. If it were higher, other road users might oversee it. To prevent a hazard, a maximum height of 2.50 m is set.
### What must you remember when loading a trailer?
+ ✅ - must not project more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors, unless specially marked
+ ✅ - must be securely packed
+ ❌ - must not project more than 1 m beyond the front of the towing vehicle
> Always pay attention to the proper securing of your cargo. In order not to endanger yourself and other road users, you must always have a clear view and full control over your vehicle. The cargo must be marked at the rear and may not protrude more than 50 cm at the front.
### What is the maximum number of trailers allowed to be towed by a class B truck?
> Only one trailer may be carried behind motor vehicles (class B). However, none for passenger transport (bus trailer).
### You want to park your single-axle trailer (overrun brakes, 1000 kg permissible total mass) on a slope. What must you do?
+ ❌ Engage the reverse lock
+ ✅ Place wheel chocks under the wheels
+ ✅ Pull the parking brake
> You must always secure your trailer against possibly rolling away. To do this, you must use the parking brake and place the wheel chocks in front of the wheels. Usually such trailers have no reverse lockout.
### You are driving at high speed into a bend. What could happen if you had to brake suddenly?
+ ❌ - will constantly maintain its driving stability with the stability control
+ ✅ - could skid out of the bend
+ ✅ - could lose its grip on the road
> If you drive fast in a tight turn, you lose grip on the road after an emergency brake and slipping out of the curve. (Centrifugal force)
### What can result in your motor vehicle skidding while driving round a bend?
+ ❌ Gently accelerating at the exit of the bend
+ ✅ Driving too fast
+ ✅ Heavy oversteer
> By strong steering angles can in turns to come that your vehicle skidding. can this happen to pass by speeding. Adjust your speed in curves.
### Tyre wear negatively impacts the environment. How can you reduce this impact?
+ ✅ By regularly checking the tyre inflation pressure in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines
+ ❌ By using winter tyres in summer
+ ✅ By employing an anticipatory driving style
> (The wear of the tires) to reduce tire wear you can proactively driving and significantly minimized by regular checking of tire pressure according to the manufacturer's instructions the load. Smaller wear = less stress.
### You want to drive a vehicle with a trailer equipped with overrun braking. What do you have to check before beginning the journey?
+ ✅ - that the lighting system is working
+ ✅ - that the breakaway cable is attached
+ ✅ - that the connecting device is locked
> Note that an overrun brake is a mechanical device whose interlock must be checked before starting to drive. Also check the function of the entire lighting system and the correct attachment of the tear-off brake cable.
### Which dangerous defects can have occurred on a trailer with overrun brakes which has been parked for some time?
+ ❌ Tyre pressure may have increased greatly due to exposure to the sun
+ ✅ The brakes may not work because of rust
+ ✅ Cable connections can be defective
> If you leave a trailer standing somewhere for a long time, the weather can cause damage: electrical connections can be damaged, rust can form on the brakes. Sun exposure does not increase the tire pressure too much, so that no dangerous defects occur.
### What must you be aware of when using navigation systems and road maps?
+ ✅ Even up-to-date contents may differ from reality
+ ✅ The contents may become outdated just a short time after purchase
+ ❌ All navigation systems can update themselves automatically
> When using a Naivs, you should make sure that current content may differ from the reality and the content can already be short of date of purchase. A guarantee of timeliness despite automatic update does not exist.
### A safety belt does not roll up automatically. What can be the reason for this?
+ ❌ Seat adjustment is defective
+ ✅ Safety belt is twisted
+ ✅ Automatic retractor is defective
> It sometimes happens that the belt is twisted and jammed in the guide provided when unbuckling. If this happens it is not possible for the strap to roll up anymore. In addition, the device may have a defect. It then has to be repaired or replaced.
### What motor vehicles engaged in the commercial or paid transport of goods, are prohibited from driving on Sundays and public holidays?
+ ✅ Trucks towing a trailer
+ ❌ Cars towing a trailer
+ ✅ Trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating in excess of 7.5 t
> The driving ban on Sundays and public holidays applies to the class C, so trucks with trailers or trucks with a gross vehicle mass exceeding 7.5 tonnes. Cars may continue to drive.
### When does the braking action of a trailer with overrun brakes start?
+ ❌ Before the braking action of the truck starts, so that the truck and trailer remain extended
+ ✅ When the trailer runs up to the truck
+ ❌ When the brake pedal in the truck is activated
> When the trailer hangs on the towing vehicle, the braking effect occurs in a trailer with overrun brake. As the name implies, the trailer brake will not be released until the trailer reaches the towing vehicle.
### A safety belt lock does not close. What do you do?
+ ❌ Nothing because the seat is equipped with an airbag
+ ✅ Have the lock repaired
+ ❌ Drive at a low speed
> If the lock of a seatbelt does not close properly, you must first take care of the repair or get a replacement. Without proper operation of the seat belts driving even at low speed is not allowed because intact seat belts are mandatory.
### What must you bear in mind when loading a single-axle trailer?
+ ✅ - axle load
+ ✅ - load on the coupling
+ ✅ - total mass
> When loading a single-axle trailer, you must ensure to comply with the total mass and that your load does not exceed the permissible axial load and bearing load.
### When should you refrain from using the telephone even if you have a hands-free device?
+ ✅ If this would distract me
+ ✅ When the telephone conversations are stressful
+ ✅ In complicated traffic conditions
> can be dangerous If you despite existing handsfree a difficult conversation this while driving. This allows you to be distracted. Give up the phone in complex traffic situations.
### What may be the result of too little coolant in the engine?
+ ✅ - lead to engine damage
+ ✅ - lead to overheating of the engine
+ ❌ - lead to an increase of fuel consumption
> Too little coolant can lead to engine damage and should always be controlled by you. Another consequence is the overheating of the motor. Pay attention to sufficient coolant.
### What is the maximum distance a load may project backwards beyond the rear reflectors without a projection marker being necessary?
> The lighting or the brake light signals the end of the vehicle. With this, you estimating the correct safety distance. If a protruding object of the vehicle in front of you is visually marked, it protrudes at least one meter. You should take this into account in your assessment of the necessary safety distance and increase it accordingly.
### Why should you not apply the clutch when driving on a long, steep downhill slope?
+ ✅ Because the braking action of the engine will have no effect
+ ❌ Because in this case the brake servo unit will no longer function
+ ✅ Because this causes unnecessary wear of the brakes
> If you step down the clutch, the engine brake will not work and you will have to use the service brake more. As a result, overheating and increased brake wear can occur.
### When should you arrange for the braking system of your car to be checked?
+ ✅ If the brake control light illuminates while driving
+ ❌ If an emergency braking manoeuvre was performed with the motor vehicle
+ ✅ If the motor vehicle fails to stay in line when braking
> The brake warning light warns of faulty brake system, these lights while driving, you should check the vehicle immediately. With one-sided braking, the vehicle can not keep track. Let's check the brake system.
### What is the right thing to do if you sense signs of fatigue during a night-time journey?
+ ✅ I allow a co-driver to drive, if possible
+ ✅ I interrupt the journey to take an adequate break
+ ❌ I decide against taking a break, and fight the tiredness
> Once you should immediately take a break experience fatigue. asleep The risk increases with each passing second. If possible you can let down your passenger, if it has the license.
> At that moment a motorcyclist on the tractor drives past. can wait until the overtaking maneuver safely begin.
### What should you remember when putting winter tyres on your car?
+ ✅ The tyre inflation pressure should be checked in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines
+ ✅ You should observe the permissible maximum driving speed for these tyres
+ ❌ The air pressure should be 0.5 bar lower than the manufacturer's guidelines for summer tyres
> After the cultivation of winter tires you should check and take into account the speed limit of the tires the tire pressure of the respective manufacturer's instructions. This must not be exceeded.
### What should you anticipate in this situation?
+ ❌ The [green] truck performs a turn
+ ❌ The tractor moves onto the road
+ ✅ The driver of the [red] vehicle fails to see me
> Because of the turning truck transporter might overlook. Be ready to brake.
### What should you remember when loading luggage into a car luggage compartment?
+ ✅ - place heavy luggage at the bottom
+ ✅ - secure the luggage against slipping
+ ✅ - stow the warning triangle in an easily accessible place
> In the event of an accident or breakdown warning triangle should be always at hand to be able to set up as soon as possible to the triangle. The charge should be secured to prevent slipping so it does not fly about when accelerating, braking or cornering. The heavy baggage should be moored down so it can not fall down.
### Your car is equipped with winter tyres. What is the meaning of the speed label "max. 190 km/h" on your dashboard?
+ ✅ - may not be exceeded
+ ❌ - does not apply to dry road conditions
+ ❌ - applies to wintry road conditions only
> You may distribute the maximum speed of 190 km / h do not exceed your winter tires.
### When should you check the tyre pressure?
+ ✅ Directly after a tyre change
+ ✅ Regularly when the tyres are cool
+ ❌ Directly after every journey
> The tire pressure you should regularly on cold tires and check immediately after each tire change. This exam must be done after each trip.
### What is the function of engine oil in a combustion engine?
+ ✅ - cooling
+ ✅ - wear protection
+ ✅ - cleaning
> Engine oil affects different from an internal combustion engine. It serves the wear protection, cooling and cleaning. Pay attention to a sufficient engine oil level.
### How can you recognise a good driver?
+ ✅ - exhibits a calm and relaxed driving style
+ ✅ - refrains from responding to provocations on the road
+ ❌ - always informs other traffic participants of their driving errors
> A good driver pays always ensure to act in partnership and he also knows that people make mistakes.
### What can be used to secure loads carried in a car?
+ ✅ The tensioning belt
+ ✅ The anti-slip mat
+ ✅ The luggage net
> The anti-slip mat prevents slipping of the load. The tension belts are designed for lashing of cargo. The luggage net prevents flying around of charge.
### You have purchased a 3-year-old car for your own personal use. The vehicle roadworthiness test certificate is new. What is the time limit until the next roadworthiness test must be performed?
> The first major study of a car after three years, each additional general inspection every 2 years.
### What should you do now?
+ ❌ I maintain my speed because there is sufficient safety distance
+ ❌ I accelerate so that the overtaking vehicle can pull in behind me
+ ✅ I reduce my speed so that the overtaking vehicle can pull in ahead of me
> The sign means this tire is suitable for winter weather conditions and supports the drivability even in snow. Snow chains are not required.
### You are in a traffic jam, driving at walking speed. When is the least wear exerted on the clutch of your manual transmission vehicle?
+ ❌ - drive slowly with the clutch slipped
+ ✅ - drive in a low gear without pressing the clutch if at all possible
+ ❌ - repeatedly start and stop driving
> Engage completely avoid wear unnecessarily to the clutch. Dial in a corridor where you can roll without clutch and gas.
### What must you do if the oil pressure warning light fails to switch off after starting the engine?
+ ❌ I continue driving until the next oil change
+ ✅ I check the engine oil level
+ ✅ I shut down the engine immediately
> To avoid damage to the engine, you should turn off the engine immediately and check the engine oil level.
### What benefits does the driver of a motor vehicle have by using a cruise control system?
+ ✅ - maintains a constant pre-set speed on a level carriageway
+ ❌ - adjusts the speed to the traffic density
+ ✅ - makes it easier for the driver to operate the vehicle
> The cruise control maintains a constant preset travel speed on a level road and relieves you by the vehicle operator. The traffic density can not be adapted to the speed.
### You want to drive with a baby in the passenger seat. What do you have to be aware of when using an infant carrier?
+ ✅ If installed, the passenger airbag must be deactivated
+ ✅ The baby must be strapped into the infant carrier
+ ✅ The infant carrier must be positioned reversed to the direction of travel
> The baby carrier shell must be mounted facing backwards and the passenger airbag must be turned off to protect the baby. The muscles are not as strong in order to capture such an impact.
### What can contribute to environmentally-friendly driving?
+ ✅ Forming car pools
+ ✅ Attending a practical driving training session for a fuel-efficient driving style
+ ✅ Using vehicles with an electric drive
> Make possible to reduce if carpooling to the volume of vehicles on the road. A training can help to acquire a fuel-saving driving style. Electric vehicles emit no pollutants, so they are particularly environmentally friendly when driving.
### As a basic rule, what lights of a motor vehicle must be turned on when driving in darkness?
+ ✅ The passing beam
+ ❌ Only the parking light
+ ❌ The driving beam
> In Germany it is required by the low beam when it is dark turn. With the low beam you will see more and you will also be better seen.
### What can be the effect of aquaplaning?
+ ❌ Increased tyre static friction
+ ✅ Reduced ability to steer the vehicle
+ ✅ Reduced vehicle braking capability
> Aquaplaning your vehicle no direct contact with the road surface has, thus the steering command, as well as the brake command can not be implemented.
### You receive a telephone call while driving. What must you be aware of?
+ ❌ - the telephone is not used for longer than 7 seconds here
+ ✅ - using the telephone only requires a momentary glance
+ ✅ - the telephone in not held in my hand for this purpose
> Phone use is prohibited if it distracts you from the road too much. This happens inevitably when picked up and look at the display.
### What must you anticipate in this parking area?
> Vehicles can leave the car park, pay attention to ausparkende vehicles. People can walk on the road because you just take a break. Truck drivers often park on car parking.
### What should you anticipate when you see this road sign?
+ ✅ Tree branches lying on the roadway
+ ✅ Vehicles ahead that may swerve out suddenly to the left
> Due to high trees vehicles may suddenly brake and swerve. High vehicles can tear when passing knots, these are then on the road. Be especially attentive.
### The lane keeping assist system warns you with acoustic, haptic or optical signals. What might be the cause of this?
+ ❌ Another vehicle is overtaking me with not enough side clearance
+ ❌ My vehicle is undercutting the safety distance to the vehicle ahead
+ ✅ My vehicle is getting close to the road markings at the side of the road
> Get you out of your lane recognizes the Lane Keeping Assist, by recognizing the driving up to the pavement marking. The permissible gross weight must not be exceeded.
### What can create a hazard when driving?
+ ✅ An excessive amount of play in the steering
+ ✅ A faulty passing beam
+ ✅ A service brake that responds heavily on one side
> For non-functioning low beam see the one you have bad and on the other you have seen worse. With too unilaterally acting service brake the vehicle could break or have a longer stopping distance. Excessive play in the steering of the steering command is not executed.
### How can you check the engine oil level?
+ ❌ - instant fuel consumption display
+ ✅ - driver information system
+ ✅ - oil dipstick
> the engine oil level can be controlled to less than squinting diche manner depending on the vehicle. Modern vehicles can display the oil level in the infotainment system.
### You are driving on a road that has several marked lanes going in one direction. When should the alternate merging procedure be employed?
+ ✅ When a lane comes to an end
+ ❌ When a merging lane ends on the motorway
+ ✅ If one lane is not continuously free to traffic due to an obstacle
> The zipper procedure to be followed when a lane can not be traveled. The exception is the highway.
### What must you be aware of when route planning abroad?
+ ✅ - applicable conditions for inner city road use (a city toll for example)
+ ✅ - labelling requirements for driving in environment zones
+ ✅ - applicable speed limits
> Inquire before driving which regulations apply abroad.
### How can you save fuel if you drive a car with an automatic gearbox?
+ ✅ Use the eco mode when driving
+ ❌ Switch off the engine when driving down a gradient
+ ✅ Do not press down hard on the accelerator when moving off
> Needless strong speed leads to high fuel consumption. Continue if available in eco mode. The car fits the acceleration behavior of to lower fuel consumption.
### What should be observed when driving a quad?
+ ✅ The necessary steering force can be significantly greater than with a car
+ ✅ A warning triangle must be carried on the quad
+ ✅ Protective motorcycle clothing should be worn
> The Quad has no power steering, so the steering could be more difficult than driving a car.
### Your car has an engine fault and must be towed away with a tow rope. What must you be aware of?
+ ✅ A malfunctioning car with assisted steering is difficult to steer
+ ✅ When towing an electric vehicle, it is necessary to following the manufacturer’s guidelines
+ ❌ Driving licence class BE is the minimum required in order to tow a car
> Pay attention to the manufacturer's instructions when towing. The electronic aids fall out, so you have to adjust to a stiff steering.
> In the event of an accident, you should always play it safe and increase the safety margin as well as your reduce speed in the event that someone is running on the road.
### What must you be aware of when driving a quad?
+ ❌ The handling characteristics are similar to those of a car
+ ✅ Quads are prone to tipping over when driving through tight bends
+ ✅ Wearing a suitable crash helmet is mandatory
> Reduce speed when turning maneuvers because quads tend by their high center of gravity for tilt.
### What motor vehicles may enter an environment zone that has this sign?
+ ❌ Motor vehicles that meet the requirements for a green particulate emissions sticker, even if no such sticker is attached
+ ✅ Motorcycles
+ ✅ Motor vehicles with a green particulate emissions sticker
> The supplementary plate shows which motor vehicles may drive in at which plaque. Motorcycles are allowed to enter in any case.
### You want to pull a trailer. What must you be aware of?
+ ✅ - load of the trailer
+ ✅ - towable weight of the towing vehicle
+ ✅ - vertical load of the hitch
> The manufacturer must pretends we highly support the maximum load that payload and towing capacity to be. If the values are not met, it may have an effect on the driving behavior and thus lead to an accident.
> If the steering wheel flutters while d
danieltnaves
revised
this gist Jun 22, 2021.
1 changed file
with
7967 additions
and
4620 deletions.
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
> The sign will point you to a school, kindergarten or playground nearby. Here you have to drive with adapted speed and increased attention. Children could suddenly run onto the road without paying attention to the traffic. Always be ready to brake.
### Which of these is a good example of "anticipatory driving"?
+ ✅ I attempt to identify the intentions of other road users, as soon as possible
@@ -6390,677 +6392,4 @@ To avoid obscuring the view of the railway line, a safety distance of 5 meters m
+ ✅ Exceeding the permissible maximum speed
+ ✅ Excessively high cornering speed
> The speed controller constantly keeps a set speed. So, when driving into road sections with speed limits, you may exceed the maximum speed. You can drive in corners at too fast a speed. The controller cannot correct the distance. If you turn off the device too late, you might get too close.
### What is the permissible minimum tread depth of the main tread of all your vehicle's tyres?
> Reifen von Krafträder und PKW müssen eine Profiltiefe von mindesten 1,6 mm aufweisen.
> Here you can overtake if you can overlook the required for this course and when no vehicle (restricted view) comes to meet.
### What function is performed by an adaptive cruise control system on a motor vehicle?
+ ❌ - automatically maintains the prescribed safety distance
+ ✅ - brakes independently, when the vehicle ahead is moving slower
+ ✅ - independently accelerates the vehicle to a previously configured speed
> An adaptive cruise control system, also known as adaptive cruise control, determines the position and the speed of the vehicle in front of you with a sensor and adjusts the speed and the distance of the subsequent vehicle. This is adaptively regulated with engine control and brake intervention (in-phase control). The system cannot recognize and set the prescribed safety distance.
### You want to overtake. What is the right course of action now?
> Since the vehicle has already started behind you the overtaking, you should refrain from overtaking.
### You are approaching a sharp left-hand bend at high speed. Why is it necessary to reduce your speed before you have actually reached the bend?
+ ✅ - could slide off to the right along the bend
+ ✅ - could begin to skid
+ ❌ - could slide off to the left along the bend
> Because of your high speed you can right slip out of the curve and skidded due to the centrifugal force with your vehicle. That's why you should have lower ahead of the curve speed.
### With what can a cruise control system (speed limiter) assist you?
+ ✅ With maintaining an energy-saving driving style
+ ❌ With maintaining the minimum distance to the vehicle ahead
+ ✅ With maintaining a constant speed
> Cruise control keeps your car at a constant speed, but does not control the distance to the vehicle in front of you. While you take your foot off the gas pedal and focus solely on the road, you save fuel at the same time.
> As a vehicle is in your lane, you should slow down immediately and as far as possible turn right to avoid a collision.
### What is the right course of action when reversing?
+ ✅ - make sure that no-one is located in my blind spot
+ ✅ - ensure the road area is safe by additionally looking all around me
+ ✅ - drive slowly and attentively
> When reversing look back and secure the traffic space also by a panoramic view, drive carefully and slowly and eighth safety consideration, there are no people in the blind spot that is.
### What are the advantages of an automatic anti-locking device (ABS)?
+ ✅ It is possible to brake heavily and avoid an obstacle at the same time
+ ❌ The danger of tipping over is reduced when braking on bends
+ ❌ On setting off, wheelspin is prevented
> An anti-lock braking system is particularly useful for heavy braking on wet or dirty roads. It counteracts possible locking of the wheels by controlling the brake pressure at short intervals. This prevents the vehicle from breaking out of the lane. The antilocking system has no effect on driving in curves. Spinning of the wheels when starting can prevent the traction control system (TCS), not the antilocking system.
> You should abort the overtaking because the tractor would turn left and because of oncoming traffic may be hampered.
### What should I be aware of when using an adaptive cruise control system?
+ ✅ The system can be affected by heavy rain or snow fall
+ ✅ I must remain constantly attentive even when using the system for a longer period
+ ✅ Activating the accelerator or brake pedal can always override the system
> An adaptive speed control system evaluates the position and the speed of the vehicle in front of you. By doing so, it aligns the speed and distance of your vehicle, including appropriate adaptive engine control and brake interventions (in-phase control). Nevertheless, you as a car driver, should not be distracted. You can influence the system at any time. Because the system function can be affected by weather conditions.
### What is the right course of action now?
+ ❌ - overtake carefully, because the tractor is demanding I do so
+ ✅ - do not overtake, because the tractor wants to pull out to the left
+ ❌ - overtake immediately, because the overtaking distance is large enough
> The white car wants to turn left and there you does not indicate whether this will continue (you have right of way)'d rather precaution to your right of way and decrease the speed.
### What are the advantages of an automatic anti-locking device (ABS)?
+ ✅ Steering control is retained even when braking heavily
+ ❌ Bends can be taken considerably faster
+ ✅ The wheels do not lock when braking
> The antilocking system has the advantage that it prevents locking of the wheels when braking on wet or dirty tracks. For this purpose, the brake pressure is regulated at short intervals. Normal driving characteristics are not affected by the ABS.
### You want to overtake. What is the right course of action here?
+ ❌ I overtake, because no oncoming traffic is visible
+ ✅ I do not overtake, because the [yellow] vehicle might want to overtake
+ ✅ I do not overtake, because oncoming traffic could emerge
> You should not overtake the truck, because you can not see the required for this route.
# Driving with solo motor vehicles and trains, people and goods
### What can red-white warning plates on vehicles indicate?
+ ✅ A trailer parked on the roadway within a built-up area
+ ✅ A vehicle with excessive width
+ ❌ A vehicle transporting dangerous goods
> Red and white warning signs point to vehicles with excess width (e.g., abnormal wide agricultural vehicles). Trailers parked inside a built-up area must either be illuminated or marked with reflective warning signs. So, warning signs do not refer to hazmat trucks.
> You are on a turning priority road and you want to leave straight ahead. The cyclist follows the course of the priority road and therefore has priority over you. The car from the left must grant you right of way according to the rule "left yields to right".
### What do you have to make sure of regarding the load on your vehicle?
+ ✅ I have to use suitable equipment to prevent the load from shifting
+ ❌ My vehicle may exceed the gross vehicle weight rating by a maximum of 5%
+ ✅ My vehicle may not exceed the gross axle weight rating
> When loading your vehicle, you must not exceed the permissible axial loads. You must secure the cargo in accordance with the recognized rules of engineering
### How are you allowed to transport a small child in your car?
+ ✅ In an approved child restraint with test mark
+ ❌ On the lap of an adult
+ ❌ In a baby carrycot on one of the back seats
> Toddlers must be specially secured. This is only possible with an age-appropriate restraining device. This is to be mounted on the back seat. Infants are at risk to be suffocated by the airbag in the event of an impact. A baby seat is not secure enough.
### At which impact speed must you reckon with serious or deadly injuries when no safety belt is worn?
+ ❌ From 50 km/h onward
+ ❌ From 80 km/h onward
+ ✅ From 30 km/h onward
> Without a seat belt, serious injuries can occur in a collision just over 20 km/h. This also applies to rear-end collisions which are often wrongly considered harmless. That's why you should always fasten your seat belt, even on short distances.
### How are you allowed to transport a five-year-old child in your car?
+ ❌ In a back seat with standard three-point safety belt
+ ✅ In a suitable and approved child seat with test mark
+ ❌ On a back seat with waist belt fastened
> If you want to bring a five-year-old child with you in your car, you must use a child seat that has been tested and adapted to the size of the child. This is mandatory for all children under 12 years.
### Why is it dangerous if passengers sitting in the rear do not wear their seatbelts?
+ ✅ - could result in injuries to persons in the front seats
+ ✅ - could propel these persons from the vehicle
+ ✅ - could result in injuries even at low speeds
> In the event of a collision, people on the rear seats can be thrown forward or sideways. If they are thrown forward, the front backrests do not provide adequate protection. As a result, the driver and co-driver are at risk. Even at low speeds, injuries can occur.
### You are driving a truck with a trailer and wish to give someone a lift as a favour. Where are you allowed to carry such a passenger?
+ ✅ In the driver's cab
+ ❌ On the floor of the trailer
+ ❌ On the floor of the truck
> For safety reasons, you may only carry people inside the cab of a truck. Taking somebody with you on the load platform is not permitted. Only certain persons may exceptionally ride on the loading platform, if, for example, they are responsible for escorting the load.
### What is the significance of orange warning plates on a vehicle?
+ ❌ - cattle
+ ❌ - easily perishable food
+ ✅ - dangerous goods
> An orange warning sign indicates vehicles that are loaded with dangerous goods as so-called hazardous materials transportation. Other car drivers should be warned this way. In the event of a traffic accident, the orange warning sign serves as a clue to the emergency services.
### Which factors lengthen your braking distance?
+ ✅ Towing a trailer not fitted with brakes
+ ✅ A wet or slippery roadway
+ ✅ Driving down slopes
> The braking distance of a vehicle is extended: 1. on a steep hill, 2. on a wet or slippery road surface, 3. if the vehicle has to carry an additional load. The reasons for the extended braking distances are: On a steep hill, acceleration force is caused by gravity. On wet or slippery roads, the static friction between tires and road surface is reduced. Additional load increases the mass that needs to come to a stop.
### What can be the effect of an overload of only 20%?
+ ✅ There may be too much strain on the load-bearing parts of the vehicle
+ ✅ The brakes may be overstrained
+ ✅ Steering may become worse
> The entire vehicle design, the drivability and the center of gravity of a car are matched and tested by the manufacturer to a certain maximum permissible load limit. Exceeding the maximum limit can affect the driving behavior of the vehicle negatively. In addition, you risk permanent damage, such as warping and breaking load-bearing parts on your car.
### A car is equipped with two front air bags. On which seats must safety belts be worn?
+ ❌ Not on the front seats
+ ❌ On the front seats only
+ ✅ On all seats
> The front airbags protect the car driver and the co-driver in the front seat in the event of a strong impact, for example a rear-end collision. However, they are not sufficient for comprehensive protection. All passengers must fasten their seat belts each time they drive.
### What must you ensure before setting off on a journey in your car?
+ ✅ That the passengers can put on the existing safety belts
+ ✅ That you have an adequate view to the rear
+ ✅ That no objects (e.g. first-aid kit, road atlas, camera) are lying loose on the rear parcel shelf
> The car driver is responsible for the safety of the passengers and the cargo. He/she must take all necessary measures to prevent or minimize damage. The loading must be carried out in accordance with regulations and must be carefully secured.
### What should be borne in mind when using an approved child seat with test mark?
+ ❌ Nothing apart from the test mark
+ ✅ The child seat must be capable of attachment to the seat of the vehicle for which it is intended
+ ✅ The child seat must be appropriate for the height and weight of the child
> Child seats are made for different age groups. They are safety-tested for the specified weight and size groups. You should pay attention to this when using it. The child seat may only be used on those car seats for which it is suitable and approved.
### What must you be aware of if you want to transport a load?
+ ✅ - may not interfere with me
+ ❌ - may never project over the front of the vehicle
+ ✅ - may not slide even when I brake
> The load must be carefully secured so that it can't fall down. The car driver may not be handicapped by the load, not even in his/her visibility. The permissible dimensions and weight limits must be observed. At the front, the load may protrude only above a height of 2.5 m by a maximum of 50 cm. This regulation reduces the risk of injury in the event of a rear-end collision.
### From what height it is permitted for loads to project up to 50 cm in front of your vehicle?
+ ❌ 2.00 m
+ ❌ 3.00 m
+ ✅ 2.50 m
> If your vehicle has a height of up to 2.5 m, the cargo may protrude forwards by 50 cm. This cargo projection up to 50 cm is also permitted on trains and must never be exceeded in order to minimize the risk of injury in rear-end collisions.
### How must a load projecting more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors of the vehicle be marked in darkness?
+ ❌ By an orange warning plate
+ ❌ By switching the fog tail lamp on
+ ✅ By a red light and red rear reflector
> If you carry cargo that protrudes more than 1 m from the end of the vehicle, it must be marked accordingly by a red light and a red reflector. Thus, the end of the load is made visible to the traffic behind you and a correspondingly high safety distance can be maintained. An orange warning sign shows the transport of dangerous goods subject to marking. The rear fog lamp does not improve the visibility and must not be used.
### What does this warning sign mean?
+ ✅ - you may only install a child seat facing the direction in which the vehicle is travelling
+ ❌ - you must install the child seat as illustrated
+ ✅ - you are not allowed to install a child seat opposite to the direction in which the vehicle is travelling
> The note warns against the wrong installation of the children's seat. If the children's seat is mounted so that the child sits in the opposite direction of travel, the child may be seriously injured in the event of a collision and the impact of the airbag. The children's seat must be installed in the direction of travel.
### Why is it dangerous not to wear safety belts?
+ ❌ Because of the low speed there is no danger in urban traffic
+ ✅ Because you cannot adequately protect yourself in case of an impact at a speed of about 20 km/h
+ ✅ Because in case of an accident you can be projected out of the vehicle
> In an accident, a person may be easily thrown out of the vehicle by the impact energy, or injured in the vehicle by a collision. Already at 20 km/h the impact energy is so high that injuries can occur.
### What must you remember when parking a trailer without a truck?
+ ✅ - may be parked for more than 2 weeks on specially designated parking spaces
+ ❌ - may be parked for an unlimited period of time on adequate hard shoulders
+ ✅ - may not be parked for more than 2 weeks on public roads
> Please note that you may not leave your vehicle trailers on regular parking spaces for more than two weeks if they are not attached to a towing vehicle. Incidentally, the same also applies to hard shoulders. Accordingly marked parking lots are excluded from this regulation.
### What must be remembered with regard to vehicles with canvass covers?
+ ✅ Unloaded trailers with high canvass cover superstructure are particularly sensitive to side wind
+ ❌ When vehicles have canvass covers, a load must not be specially secured
+ ✅ The canvass covers must not obstruct the driver's rear view through the outside mirrors
> For vehicles with tarpaulin you must take care that the view to the back is not impaired. Especially with unloaded trailers with high tarpaulins there is a risk of crosswind.
### What is the maximum height allowed above the roadway for a red light marking a load extending to the back?
+ ✅ 1.50 m
+ ❌ 2.00 m
+ ❌ 2.50 m
> The maximum height for attaching the lamp is 1.5 meters. This is to ensure that the marking is in the field of vision of other road users. If the red light is higher above the road, it could be overlooked.
### What must you do when transporting bicycles on the roof of your car?
+ ✅ Safely attach holding device and bicycles
+ ✅ Avoid driving at high speed
+ ✅ Regularly check the fixing devices
> Bicycles on the roof require special attention: think of safety regulations and careful attachment. Check the fastenings regularly during driving breaks. Loads on the roof change the center of gravity of the vehicle, they lift it. The driving quality deteriorates especially in curves. Avoid high speeds.
### What do white plates with a black "A" on a truck mean?
+ ❌ - is driven by a beginner
+ ✅ - is transporting waste materials
+ ❌ - is transporting dangerous goods
> A truck with white plates marked with a black "A" transports litter. The white plates with a black "A" must be clearly visible both at the front and at the back of the truck.
### Do the requirements for properly securing of loads apply to all small transporters?
+ ❌ They only apply to small transporters with open loading space
+ ✅ They apply to all small transporters
+ ❌ They only apply to small transporters without separation wall to the loading space
> Without exception, the requirements for proper securing of the load apply to all vans. Back-heavy loading shifts the center of gravity of the vehicle to the back. As a result, the front wheel is no longer sufficiently burdened and the grip deteriorates. This promotes dangerous pendular movements.
### What must you check when transporting bicycles on a rear-mounted support system?
+ ✅ Whether, according to the manufacturer's instructions, the system is adequate for the vehicle
+ ✅ Whether lighting equipment or number plate are covered
+ ✅ Whether system and bicycles are fixed safely
> Check if the rear carry system is securely fastened. Likewise, the attachment of bicycles is to be checked. If illuminating devices or the license plate is obscured, technical equipment must be installed at the end of the vehicle system for adequate lighting and/or to attach the license plate number. Back-heavy loading changes the center of gravity of the vehicle. Check the distribution of the load.
### What must you do to avoid endangering others by equipment or load which has fallen off your vehicle?
+ ✅ - remove the parts yourself
+ ✅ - secure the danger spot and immediately inform the road service or police
+ ❌ - proceed and inform the nearest municipal office
> You must immediately remove any objects from the roadway that have fallen down and endanger other road users. Secure the danger zone. If necessary, contact the police or road services.
### You want to transport your holiday luggage on the roof of your fully occupied car. What must you observe?
+ ✅ The vehicle manufacturer's roof load specifications in the operating manual
+ ❌ The roof load specifications contained in the registration certificate Part I
+ ✅ The gross vehicle weight rating of my car
> Observe the permissible roof load specified by the vehicle manufacturer. This can be found in the operating instructions. In the certificate of registration part 1 the roof load is not noted. The permissible maximum mass of the vehicle must not be exceeded. Unevenly distributed load deteriorates driving stability during braking and in turns.
### What must you reckon with when transporting luggage on the roof of your car?
+ ✅ The vehicle inclines more on bends
+ ❌ The vehicle's roadhandling is improved on account of the higher centre of gravity
+ ✅ The vehicle's susceptibility to side wind is greater
> The luggage on the roof changes the center of gravity of the vehicle - it is raised. This increases the danger of tipping over and the aerodynamic drag increases. As a result, your vehicle is more sensitive to crosswind and air pressure when a wheel or truck overtakes you. In curves the driving stability also deteriorates due to the higher center of gravity. Your vehicle will tilt more.
### A single axle caravan with overrun brake is parked on a downhill slope. How do you have to secure it to prevent it from rolling away?
+ ✅ Apply the parking brake
+ ✅ Put wheel chocks in front of the wheels
+ ❌ Put one wheel chock in front and one behind the same wheel
> In order to protect your caravan from rolling away, you must place the wheel chocks in front of the wheels and additionally secure the trailer with the parking brake.
### How must a load be marked in darkness or bad visibility when it extends laterally more than 40 cm beyond the side lights of the vehicle?
+ ✅ By a white light to the front
+ ❌ By switching on the hazard warning lights
+ ✅ By a red light to the back
> In the dark or in poor visibility conditions, a cargo that laterally protrudes more than 40 cm beyond the marker lights of the vehicle must be marked with additional lights. These are to be attached laterally no more than 40 cm from the edge and no more than 1.5 m above the roadway. For the front, a white lamp is required, for the back you need to install a red light. The hazard lights must not be switched on by you as a car driver while driving.
### You are entering a public road e.g. from a field or building site and considerably soil the road. Who is responsible for eliminating this traffic obstruction?
+ ❌ The competent road-building authority
+ ✅ You, as you have caused it
+ ❌ The persons living along this section of the road
> If you significantly pollute a road due to leaving an unpaved area, then you, the polluter, must clean it.
### What must you be aware of, if you want to transport the load?
+ ✅ - may not cause avoidable noise
+ ❌ - may have individual bars projecting out to the side
+ ✅ - must be secured
> When loading your vehicle, you as a car driver must make sure that the cargo is securely fastened. Badly recognizable objects as well as piles, bars or plates must not protrude laterally from the vehicle interior. The cargo must be stored in a way so that it does not cause any avoidable noise.
### During a break you find out that one of the lashing straps has torn. What do you do?
+ ✅ Continue your trip when the load is secured by other sufficient securing means
+ ❌ Continue your trip because a slipping load will be caught by the side panels
+ ✅ Continue your trip after the lashing strap has been replaced
> As a car driver, you must ensure that your cargo is properly secured throughout the journey. With a defective strap, you may only continue your journey if proper securing of the cargo is ensured by other securing devices. If this is not the case, you must not continue your journey.
### You wish to take several small children home after a children's birthday party. What must you observe when using your car?
+ ❌ Child restraints need not be used within built-up areas
+ ✅ The children must be secured with the prescribed child restraints
+ ❌ It is sufficient to secure the children with the existing safety belts
> If you want to bring several small children home with your car, you must ensure that your passengers are secured in all places with the legally required restraining devices.
### While you are driving, the airbag control light stays on constantly. What must you do?
+ ✅ Go to a garage workshop
+ ❌ Take the vehicle off the road immediately
+ ❌ Nothing because it is an indication for the garage workshop
> If the airbag control lamp is lit up, it signals a defect in the airbag system. An error of this sensory and electronic system can usually only be fixed in a car workshop. This should be done as soon as possible. For this reason, you as a car driver do not have to immediately pull the vehicle out of circulation.
### What must you bear in mind if you want to carry luggage on the roof of your car?
+ ✅ The roadhandling characteristics are adversely affected
+ ✅ The permissible total mass must not be exceeded
+ ✅ The maximum roof load stipulated by the car manufacturer (owner's manual) must not be exceeded
> Luggage on the roof changes the center of gravity of your vehicle upwards. This has a significant influence on the driving characteristics of the car. The driving characteristics are worse, especially in curves. The vehicle is wind-prone. It must be ensured that the permissible roof load and total mass are not exceeded.
### What should be noted when loading vehicles?
+ ❌ It is not necessary to secure heavy loads
+ ✅ Loads that project beyond the retro-reflectors by more than 1 m, must be labelled
+ ✅ Loads more than 2.50 m high may not project forwards by more than 50 cm
> Cargo may protrude above a height of 2.50 m forward up to 50 cm above the vehicle. If the load protrudes more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors of the vehicle, the end must be visually marked. Cargo needs to be secured carefully. Back-heavy loading causes dangerous pendular movements when driving faster. For motorcycles, ensure that the load is evenly distributed on the sides.
### Under what conditions is a load allowed to project over the front of a vehicle?
+ ✅ If the load does not project over more than 50 cm and is above a height of 2.50 m
+ ❌ If the load is marked with a red light
> If the cargo is fastened above a height of 2.50 m, it may protrude up to 50 cm from the front of the vehicle. This regulation is intended to reduce the danger and risk of injury from rear-end collisions with cargo. In general, cargo should always be carefully secured so that it can neither slip nor fall.
### How can you prevent a child from opening a door while the vehicle is moving?
+ ✅ - the child safety locks on the rear doors
+ ❌ - the central locking system
> With the central locking, and child safety you can close all doors at the push of a button at the same time. This way you can prevent a child from opening the door while driving and thus being injured.
### You are driving in the wet in a car with trailer on a narrow rural road and are approaching a clearly visible but tight left-hand bend. What should you do?
+ ✅ I remain in the centre of the lane and only accelerate again once I am back on the straight
+ ✅ I reduce my speed before the bend
+ ❌ I only brake once I have reached the apex of the bend
> Decrease your speed before the turn. Take the weather conditions into account. Keep in mind that the centrifugal force grows twice as fast as the speed. You should only accelerate again in the curve vertex.
### You want to pull a trailer. When do additional rear-view mirrors have be to attached to your motor vehicle?
+ ❌ If you are pulling a caravan or a trailer used in agriculture and forestry
+ ✅ If it is not possible to observe all relevant road traffic situations without additional rear-view mirrors
+ ❌ If the load platform of the trailer exceeds a width of 1.5 m and a height of 1 m
> As a car driver you are responsible for a sufficient view of the vehicle. If visibility is compromised by a trailer and the prescribed mirrors are no longer sufficient, you will need to install additional mirrors.
### A single-axle trailer has an actual gross weight of 600 kg. What is the minimum possible vertical load?
+ ❌ 90 kg (= 15%)
+ ❌ 60 kg (= 10%)
+ ✅ 24 kg (= 4%)
> The bearing load is the mass that rests on the coupling device of the towing vehicle. To determine it, the car driver can place a piece of wood or a pipe underneath the coupling point of the trailer and place a bathroom scale underneath. The bearing load is displayed. The minimum load to be carried by the towing vehicle shall not be less than 4% of the trailer's total weight for trailers with a gross vehicle weight of not more than 3.5 tons. However, a minimum load of 25 kg is sufficient. In this example, the minimum support load is 24 kg. When loading the trailer, you, as a car driver, must be careful not to undercut or exceed the minimum and maximum permitted load. By shifting the load, you can influence the bearing load.
### What is the correct response if, when reversing a combination vehicle the view to the rear is impeded?
+ ❌ A person directing is not needed when on a factory premises
+ ❌ A person directing is only required when driving into a priority road
+ ✅ If the line-of-sight is broken to the person directing, the vehicle must be stopped
> If you drive backwards with a vehicle combination and your view is restricted to the rear, you must make sure that you do not endanger other road users. You should therefore be advised into traffic. This also applies to factory premises.
### You are in your car towing a fully loaded trailer which has no brakes. What is correct?
+ ❌ Reaction distance increases
+ ✅ Braking distance increases
+ ❌ Stopping distance reduces
> Note that a fully loaded trailer without its own brake extends the braking distance and thus the stopping distance by the respective trailer load. The thinking distance does not change in this case.
### What changes in a car when towing a two-axle trailer?
+ ✅ Acceleration capacity is reduced
+ ✅ More space is needed when turning and driving round bends
+ ❌ Driving stability increases
> The combination of car and trailer requires more space when driving on bends and when turning. Likewise, the mass changes the accelerating ability. It is decreasing significantly.
### What changes when a caravan trailer is towed?
+ ✅ Hasty movements of the steering wheel increase the danger of skidding
+ ✅ The distance for overtaking increases considerably
+ ❌ The braking distance is reduced considerably
> If you drive with a caravan, not only does it increase the risk of skidding, the overtaking and braking distances will be longer as well. This is due to the additional load to be pulled and the pulling motion of the trailer.
### What must you do after coupling up a single-axle trailer with overrun brakes?
+ ✅ Check that the brakes are working
+ ✅ Attach the brakeaway cable to the coupling of the motor vehicle
+ ✅ Raise the jack wheel, if fitted, to the highest setting
> The breakaway cable must be hung on the coupling device of the towing vehicle. With an overrun brake, the trailer brakes automatically when the connection to the towing vehicle breaks off. The function of the brake must be checked. The support wheel must not run while driving, so it should be brought to the upper position.
### With which vehicles are you not allowed to drive on a road sign-posted like this?
+ ✅ Car with caravan trailer, total length of the combination 11 m
+ ✅ Tractor with trailer, total length of the combination 12 m
> The red round circle in the traffic sign always indicates a ban. Vehicles whose actual length exceeds 10 m may not drive on this road. Even vehicles with trailers whose total length exceeds 10 m may not continue on this road. This indicates road conditions that are not passable with longer vehicles.
### You want to tow a brake-equipped trailer. Where can you find details or guidelines on the permissible towable mass of your car?
+ ❌ In the insurance certificate
+ ✅ In the registration certificate Part I of my car
+ ❌ In the registration certificate Part I of my trailer
> The information on how much weight a towing vehicle can tow can be found in the registration certificate (part 1) and in the vehicle owner's manual.
### What must you remember when you want to use a trailer with overrun brakes behind your car?
+ ✅ The breakaway cable is connected to the towing vehicle
+ ❌ The permissible maximum speed of this combination of vehicles is 60 km/h, also on autobahns
+ ✅ The permissible total mass of the trailer must not exceed the towed load permitted for the car
> Make sure that the breakaway cable is properly fastened. It has the effect that, in case of detachment, the trailer brake will automatically tighten and bring the trailer to a halt. The overrun brake has nothing to do with the maximum permissible speed.
### You are driving on a road with potholes and your trailer starts "jumping". What must you do?
+ ❌ Proceed at the same speed and avoid potholes
+ ❌ Accelerate to keep the combination of vehicles straight
+ ✅ Reduce speed in order to avoid skidding
> You should not accelerate any further as this would cause the trailer to build up vibrations. Brake slightly instead. A reduced speed brings the trailer back under control.
### What must you check on a car with a caravan trailer before setting out on a journey?
+ ❌ Whether the passengers in the caravan trailer have put on their safety belts
+ ✅ Whether the view through the rear-view mirrors is adequate
+ ✅ Whether the lights of the trailer are working
> Caravans restrict the view to the back. Therefore, you must check before the start of the journey, if the mirrors provide sufficient visibility to the back. You also need to make sure that the illuminating devices are working.
### You want to couple a trailer to your car. Where will you find details about the maximum permissible vertical loading of your car?
+ ❌ - registration certificate Part II
+ ✅ - registration certificate Part I
+ ✅ - operating manual
> Information about the permissible trailer load can be found in part 1 in the certificate of registration of the car towing vehicle and in its operating instructions.
### You want to couple up a trailer with ball coupling. What is correct?
+ ✅ The claw of the coupling must fit securely around the ball. The locking device must engage
+ ✅ The electrics must be connected
+ ❌ The jack wheel must be set so that it can also run when driving
> In a trailer with ball clutch, the clutch dog must firmly enclose the spherical head. The fuse must engage. Make sure the electrical connection works. The support wheel must not run while driving. It must be locked in high position.
### What is designated as towed load?
+ ❌ The permissible total mass of the trailer
+ ✅ The actual load being towed
+ ❌ The useful load of the trailer
> Only the actually dragged load is called trailer load, in other words the weight of the trailer. The manufacturer sets this value for carrying a trailer.
### You want to tow a singe-axle caravan trailer behind your car. What must you check?
+ ✅ If the permissible trailer load or the permissible coupling of the car are exceeded
+ ✅ If additional rear-view mirrors must be mounted because of the width of the trailer
+ ❌ If the trailer is licensed to transport passengers
> The caravan reduces the view to the back. You as a car driver have to check whether the rear view through the existing mirrors is sufficient. You may need to attach extra mirrors to your car. Towing vehicle and trailer must always be coordinated.
### You are in your car towing a trailer on a road with oncoming traffic and want to turn left. What must you particularly remember when you set off again?
+ ✅ Think about the length of your car and trailer combination
+ ❌ Warn oncoming traffic by flashing your lights
+ ✅ Consider the reduced acceleration capacity
> With a trailer you have a lower accelerating ability, changed mass and a greater total length. This must be taken into consideration when you're starting your car again. Oncoming traffic must not be warned in this case by using the flash light.
### You are in your car towing a trailer which has no brakes and you approach a long steep downhill slope. What is correct?
+ ❌ Relieve the car brakes by disengaging the clutch at frequent intervals
+ ✅ Reduce speed, if necessary, engage low gear in time, be ready to brake
+ ✅ Make allowance for the pushing effect of the trailer
> Reduce your speed on time. Us a gear as low as possible. The thus activated engine brake supports the braking action of the pedal braking. By no means you should put your car in idling. This would make the vehicle faster.
### You are holding a driving permit class B. Your car has the following specifications: - empty mass 1900 kg - permissible total mass 2400 kg - permissible towed load 1500 kg Which trailer are you allowed to tow?
+ ❌ 1200 kg
+ ✅ 1000 kg
+ ❌ 1500 kg
> Regardless of the information, a vehicle plus a trailer may only have a restricted total weight of 3,500 kg for a Class B driving license. When the car is fully loaded, the loaded trailer must not weigh more than 1,100 kg. Exception: The car has a maximum permissible mass of 3,500 kg and the trailer weighs less than 750 kg.
### What may be the result of too little coolant in the engine?
+ ✅ - lead to engine damage
+ ✅ - lead to overheating of the engine
+ ❌ - lead to an increase of fuel consumption
> Too little coolant can lead to engine damage and should always be controlled by you. Another consequence is the overheating of the motor. Pay attention to sufficient coolant.
### What must you be aware of when using navigation systems and road maps?
+ ✅ Even up-to-date contents may differ from reality
+ ❌ All navigation systems can update themselves automatically
+ ✅ The contents may become outdated just a short time after purchase
> When using a Naivs, you should make sure that current content may differ from the reality and the content can already be short of date of purchase. A guarantee of timeliness despite automatic update does not exist.
### What must you bear in mind when loading a single-axle trailer?
+ ✅ - load on the coupling
+ ✅ - axle load
+ ✅ - total mass
> When loading a single-axle trailer, you must ensure to comply with the total mass and that your load does not exceed the permissible axial load and bearing load.
### Why should you not apply the clutch when driving on a long, steep downhill slope?
+ ✅ Because the braking action of the engine will have no effect
+ ✅ Because this causes unnecessary wear of the brakes
+ ❌ Because in this case the brake servo unit will no longer function
> If you step down the clutch, the engine brake will not work and you will have to use the service brake more. As a result, overheating and increased brake wear can occur.
### Up to what height is a load not allowed to project over the front of the vehicle?
> The red lamp, which marks the rear projecting cargo, may be installed at a maximum height of 2.50 m. If it were higher, other road users might oversee it. To prevent a hazard, a maximum height of 2.50 m is set.
### What is the effect of the cornering characteristics of a combination vehicle (car towing a caravan) when taking a turn?
+ ✅ - can jut out
+ ❌ - generally follows the track of the car
+ ✅ - can cut the corner
> Despite careful driving, it is possible that the trailer cuts the curve or even swings out. The car driver must therefore proceed with caution in order to exclude hazards to others.
### Which dangerous defects can have occurred on a trailer with overrun brakes which has been parked for some time?
+ ✅ Cable connections can be defective
+ ❌ Tyre pressure may have increased greatly due to exposure to the sun
+ ✅ The brakes may not work because of rust
> If you leave a trailer standing somewhere for a long time, the weather can cause damage: electrical connections can be damaged, rust can form on the brakes. Sun exposure does not increase the tire pressure too much, so that no dangerous defects occur.
### What motor vehicles engaged in the commercial or paid transport of goods, are prohibited from driving on Sundays and public holidays?
+ ✅ Trucks towing a trailer
+ ❌ Cars towing a trailer
+ ✅ Trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating in excess of 7.5 t
> The driving ban on Sundays and public holidays applies to the class C, so trucks with trailers or trucks with a gross vehicle mass exceeding 7.5 tonnes. Cars may continue to drive.
### You are driving at high speed into a bend. What could happen if you had to brake suddenly?
+ ❌ - will constantly maintain its driving stability with the stability control
+ ✅ - could lose its grip on the road
+ ✅ - could skid out of the bend
> If you drive fast in a tight turn, you lose grip on the road after an emergency brake and slipping out of the curve. (Centrifugal force)
### What is the maximum distance a load may project backwards beyond the rear reflectors without a projection marker being necessary?
> The lighting or the brake light signals the end of the vehicle. With this, you estimating the correct safety distance. If a protruding object of the vehicle in front of you is visually marked, it protrudes at least one meter. You should take this into account in your assessment of the necessary safety distance and increase it accordingly.
### What is the maximum number of trailers allowed to be towed by a class B truck?
> Only one trailer may be carried behind motor vehicles (class B). However, none for passenger transport (bus trailer).
### A safety belt lock does not close. What do you do?
+ ❌ Drive at a low speed
+ ❌ Nothing because the seat is equipped with an airbag
+ ✅ Have the lock repaired
> If the lock of a seatbelt does not close properly, you must first take care of the repair or get a replacement. Without proper operation of the seat belts driving even at low speed is not allowed because intact seat belts are mandatory.
### You want to drive a vehicle with a trailer equipped with overrun braking. What do you have to check before beginning the journey?
+ ✅ - that the breakaway cable is attached
+ ✅ - that the connecting device is locked
+ ✅ - that the lighting system is working
> Note that an overrun brake is a mechanical device whose interlock must be checked before starting to drive. Also check the function of the entire lighting system and the correct attachment of the tear-off brake cable.
### When does the braking action of a trailer with overrun brakes start?
+ ✅ When the trailer runs up to the truck
+ ❌ When the brake pedal in the truck is activated
+ ❌ Before the braking action of the truck starts, so that the truck and trailer remain extended
> When the trailer hangs on the towing vehicle, the braking effect occurs in a trailer with overrun brake. As the name implies, the trailer brake will not be released until the trailer reaches the towing vehicle.
### Tyre wear negatively impacts the environment. How can you reduce this impact?
+ ❌ By using winter tyres in summer
+ ✅ By employing an anticipatory driving style
+ ✅ By regularly checking the tyre inflation pressure in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines
> (The wear of the tires) to reduce tire wear you can proactively driving and significantly minimized by regular checking of tire pressure according to the manufacturer's instructions the load. Smaller wear = less stress.
### What must you remember when loading a trailer?
+ ✅ - must not project more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors, unless specially marked
+ ✅ - must be securely packed
+ ❌ - must not project more than 1 m beyond the front of the towing vehicle
> Always pay attention to the proper securing of your cargo. In order not to endanger yourself and other road users, you must always have a clear view and full control over your vehicle. The cargo must be marked at the rear and may not protrude more than 50 cm at the front.
### When should you refrain from using the telephone even if you have a hands-free device?
+ ✅ When the telephone conversations are stressful
+ ✅ If this would distract me
+ ✅ In complicated traffic conditions
> can be dangerous If you despite existing handsfree a difficult conversation this while driving. This allows you to be distracted. Give up the phone in complex traffic situations.
### You want to park your single-axle trailer (overrun brakes, 1000 kg permissible total mass) on a slope. What must you do?
+ ❌ Engage the reverse lock
+ ✅ Pull the parking brake
+ ✅ Place wheel chocks under the wheels
> You must always secure your trailer against possibly rolling away. To do this, you must use the parking brake and place the wheel chocks in front of the wheels. Usually such trailers have no reverse lockout.
### What can result in your motor vehicle skidding while driving round a bend?
+ ✅ Driving too fast
+ ✅ Heavy oversteer
+ ❌ Gently accelerating at the exit of the bend
> By strong steering angles can in turns to come that your vehicle skidding. can this happen to pass by speeding. Adjust your speed in curves.
### A safety belt does not roll up automatically. What can be the reason for this?
+ ✅ Safety belt is twisted
+ ✅ Automatic retractor is defective
+ ❌ Seat adjustment is defective
> It sometimes happens that the belt is twisted and jammed in the guide provided when unbuckling. If this happens it is not possible for the strap to roll up anymore. In addition, the device may have a defect. It then has to be repaired or replaced.
### What should you anticipate in this situation?
+ ❌ The [green] truck performs a turn
+ ✅ The driver of the [red] vehicle fails to see me
> Because of the turning truck transporter might overlook. Be ready to brake.
### What benefits does the driver of a motor vehicle have by using a cruise control system?
+ ❌ - adjusts the speed to the traffic density
+ ✅ - makes it easier for the driver to operate the vehicle
+ ✅ - maintains a constant pre-set speed on a level carriageway
> The cruise control maintains a constant preset travel speed on a level road and relieves you by the vehicle operator. The traffic density can not be adapted to the speed.
### You have purchased a 3-year-old car for your own personal use. The vehicle roadworthiness test certificate is new. What is the time limit until the next roadworthiness test must be performed?
> The first major study of a car after three years, each additional general inspection every 2 years.
### When should you check the tyre pressure?
+ ✅ Directly after a tyre change
+ ✅ Regularly when the tyres are cool
+ ❌ Directly after every journey
> The tire pressure you should regularly on cold tires and check immediately after each tire change. This exam must be done after each trip.
### What can contribute to environmentally-friendly driving?
+ ✅ Using vehicles with an electric drive
+ ✅ Attending a practical driving training session for a fuel-efficient driving style
+ ✅ Forming car pools
> Make possible to reduce if carpooling to the volume of vehicles on the road. A training can help to acquire a fuel-saving driving style. Electric vehicles emit no pollutants, so they are particularly environmentally friendly when driving.
### What is the right thing to do if you sense signs of fatigue during a night-time journey?
+ ✅ I interrupt the journey to take an adequate break
+ ❌ I decide against taking a break, and fight the tiredness
+ ✅ I allow a co-driver to drive, if possible
> Once you should immediately take a break experience fatigue. asleep The risk increases with each passing second. If possible you can let down your passenger, if it has the license.
### To what must you pay particular attention when driving with winter tyres?
+ ✅ - not exceed the permissible maximum speed for these tyres
+ ❌ - only drive as fast as when I am using snow chains
+ ❌ - not exceed 80 km/h
> With winter tires you have to make sure that you do not overstep the maximum permissible speed for the tires. This you can see the speed index.
### What should you do now?
+ ❌ I maintain my speed because there is sufficient safety distance
+ ❌ I accelerate so that the overtaking vehicle can pull in behind me
+ ✅ I reduce my speed so that the overtaking vehicle can pull in ahead of me
> The Overtaking can not complete as planned probably his overtaking maneuver. To prevent an accident you should classify the overtaking.
### You are in a traffic jam, driving at walking speed. When is the least wear exerted on the clutch of your manual transmission vehicle?
+ ❌ - drive slowly with the clutch slipped
+ ✅ - drive in a low gear without pressing the clutch if at all possible
+ ❌ - repeatedly start and stop driving
> Engage completely avoid wear unnecessarily to the clutch. Dial in a corridor where you can roll without clutch and gas.
### How can you recognise a good driver?
+ ❌ - always informs other traffic participants of their driving errors
+ ✅ - exhibits a calm and relaxed driving style
+ ✅ - refrains from responding to provocations on the road
> A good driver pays always ensure to act in partnership and he also knows that people make mistakes.
### What must you do if the oil pressure warning light fails to switch off after starting the engine?
+ ✅ I check the engine oil level
+ ❌ I continue driving until the next oil change
+ ✅ I shut down the engine immediately
> To avoid damage to the engine, you should turn off the engine immediately and check the engine oil level.
### What should you remember when putting winter tyres on your car?
+ ❌ The air pressure should be 0.5 bar lower than the manufacturer's guidelines for summer tyres
+ ✅ The tyre inflation pressure should be checked in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines
+ ✅ You should observe the permissible maximum driving speed for these tyres
> After the cultivation of winter tires you should check and take into account the speed limit of the tires the tire pressure of the respective manufacturer's instructions. This must not be exceeded.
> The sign means this tire is suitable for winter weather conditions and supports the drivability even in snow. Snow chains are not required.
### What should you remember when loading luggage into a car luggage compartment?
+ ✅ - secure the luggage against slipping
+ ✅ - stow the warning triangle in an easily accessible place
+ ✅ - place heavy luggage at the bottom
> In the event of an accident or breakdown warning triangle should be always at hand to be able to set up as soon as possible to the triangle. The charge should be secured to prevent slipping so it does not fly about when accelerating, braking or cornering. The heavy baggage should be moored down so it can not fall down.
### When should you arrange for the braking system of your car to be checked?
+ ✅ If the brake control light illuminates while driving
+ ❌ If an emergency braking manoeuvre was performed with the motor vehicle
+ ✅ If the motor vehicle fails to stay in line when braking
> The brake warning light warns of faulty brake system, these lights while driving, you should check the vehicle immediately. With one-sided braking, the vehicle can not keep track. Let's check the brake system.
### What is the function of engine oil in a combustion engine?
+ ✅ - wear protection
+ ✅ - cooling
+ ✅ - cleaning
> Engine oil affects different from an internal combustion engine. It serves the wear protection, cooling and cleaning. Pay attention to a sufficient engine oil level.
### What can be used to secure loads carried in a car?
+ ✅ The tensioning belt
+ ✅ The anti-slip mat
+ ✅ The luggage net
> The anti-slip mat prevents slipping of the load. The tension belts are designed for lashing of cargo. The luggage net prevents flying around of charge.
### You want to drive with a baby in the passenger seat. What do you have to be aware of when using an infant carrier?
+ ✅ The baby must be strapped into the infant carrier
+ ✅ The infant carrier must be positioned reversed to the direction of travel
+ ✅ If installed, the passenger airbag must be deactivated
> The baby carrier shell must be mounted facing backwards and the passenger airbag must be turned off to protect the baby. The muscles are not as strong in order to capture such an impact.
### Your car is equipped with winter tyres. What is the meaning of the speed label "max. 190 km/h" on your dashboard?
+ ❌ - applies to wintry road conditions only
+ ❌ - does not apply to dry road conditions
+ ✅ - may not be exceeded
> You may distribute the maximum speed of 190 km / h do not exceed your winter tires.
### Your car has an engine fault and must be towed away with a tow rope. What must you be aware of?
+ ❌ Driving licence class BE is the minimum required in order to tow a car
+ ✅ A malfunctioning car with assisted steering is difficult to steer
+ ✅ When towing an electric vehicle, it is necessary to following the manufacturer’s guidelines
> Pay attention to the manufacturer's instructions when towing. The electronic aids fall out, so you have to adjust to a stiff steering.
### What must you be aware of when route planning abroad?
+ ✅ - applicable conditions for inner city road use (a city toll for example)
+ ✅ - labelling requirements for driving in environment zones
+ ✅ - applicable speed limits
> Inquire before driving which regulations apply abroad.
### You want to pull a trailer. What must you be aware of?
+ ✅ - towable weight of the towing vehicle
+ ✅ - load of the trailer
+ ✅ - vertical load of the hitch
> The manufacturer must pretends we highly support the maximum load that payload and towing capacity to be. If the values are not met, it may have an effect on the driving behavior and thus lead to an accident.
### You are driving on a road that has several marked lanes going in one direction. When should the alternate merging procedure be employed?
+ ❌ When a merging lane ends on the motorway
+ ✅ When a lane comes to an end
+ ✅ If one lane is not continuously free to traffic due to an obstacle
> The zipper procedure to be followed when a lane can not be traveled. The exception is the highway.
### The lane keeping assist system warns you with acoustic, haptic or optical signals. What might be the cause of this?
+ ❌ My vehicle is undercutting the safety distance to the vehicle ahead
+ ❌ Another vehicle is overtaking me with not enough side clearance
+ ✅ My vehicle is getting close to the road markings at the side of the road
> Get you out of your lane recognizes the Lane Keeping Assist, by recognizing the driving up to the pavement marking. The permissible gross weight must not be exceeded.
### What should be observed when driving a quad?
+ ✅ A warning triangle must be carried on the quad
+ ✅ Protective motorcycle clothing should be worn
+ ✅ The necessary steering force can be significantly greater than with a car
> The Quad has no power steering, so the steering could be more difficult than driving a car.
### What should you anticipate when you see this road sign?
+ ✅ Vehicles ahead that may swerve out suddenly to the left
> Due to high trees vehicles may suddenly brake and swerve. High vehicles can tear when passing knots, these are then on the road. Be especially attentive.
### What can create a hazard when driving?
+ ✅ A service brake that responds heavily on one side
+ ✅ A faulty passing beam
+ ✅ An excessive amount of play in the steering
> For non-functioning low beam see the one you have bad and on the other you have seen worse. With too unilaterally acting service brake the vehicle could break or have a longer stopping distance. Excessive play in the steering of the steering command is not executed.
### What must you anticipate in this parking area?
> Vehicles can leave the car park, pay attention to ausparkende vehicles. People can walk on the road because you just take a break. Truck drivers often park on car parking.
### What can be the effect of aquaplaning?
+ ✅ Reduced vehicle braking capability
+ ✅ Reduced ability to steer the vehicle
+ ❌ Increased tyre static friction
> Aquaplaning your vehicle no direct contact with the road surface has, thus the steering command, as well as the brake command can not be implemented.
### How can you check the engine oil level?
+ ❌ - instant fuel consumption display
+ ✅ - driver information system
+ ✅ - oil dipstick
> the engine oil level can be controlled to less than squinting diche manner depending on the vehicle. Modern vehicles can display the oil level in the infotainment system.
### You receive a telephone call while driving. What must you be aware of?
+ ✅ - the telephone in not held in my hand for this purpose
+ ✅ - using the telephone only requires a momentary glance
+ ❌ - the telephone is not used for longer than 7 seconds here
> Phone use is prohibited if it distracts you from the road too much. This happens inevitably when picked up and look at the display.
### As a basic rule, what lights of a motor vehicle must be turned on when driving in darkness?
+ ✅ The passing beam
+ ❌ Only the parking light
+ ❌ The driving beam
> In Germany it is required by the low beam when it is dark turn. With the low beam you will see more and you will also be better seen.
### What motor vehicles may enter an environment zone that has this sign?
+ ✅ Motorcycles
+ ✅ Motor vehicles with a green particulate emissions sticker
+ ❌ Motor vehicles that meet the requirements for a green particulate emissions sticker, even if no such sticker is attached
> The supplementary plate shows which motor vehicles may drive in at which plaque. Motorcycles are allowed to enter in any case.
### What must you be aware of when driving a quad?
+ ✅ Quads are prone to tipping over when driving through tight bends
+ ❌ The handling characteristics are similar to those of a car
+ ✅ Wearing a suitable crash helmet is mandatory
> Reduce speed when turning maneuvers because quads tend by their high center of gravity for tilt.
### How can you save fuel if you drive a car with an automatic gearbox?
+ ✅ Do not press down hard on the accelerator when moving off
+ ❌ Switch off the engine when driving down a gradient
+ ✅ Use the eco mode when driving
> Needless strong speed leads to high fuel consumption. Continue if available in eco mode. The car fits the acceleration behavior of to lower fuel consumption.
> In the event of an accident, you should always play it safe and increase the safety margin as well as your reduce speed in the event that someone is running on the road.
### What is the permissible minimum tread depth of the main tread of all your vehicle's ty
danieltnaves
revised
this gist Jun 22, 2021.
1 changed file
with
6597 additions
and
7332 deletions.
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
danieltnaves renamed this gist