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ion-storm/Get-InjectedThread.ps1

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Created February 16, 2020 04:24
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Revisions

  1. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 3, 2018. 1 changed file with 2 additions and 2 deletions.
    4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ function Get-InjectedThread

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    if($memory_basic_info.Size -ge 0x400)
    if($memory_basic_info.RegionSize.ToUInt64() -ge 0x400)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 0x400
    }
    else
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size $memory_basic_info.Size
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    }
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($proc.Id)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
  2. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 3, 2018. 1 changed file with 8 additions and 1 deletion.
    9 changes: 8 additions & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -83,7 +83,14 @@ function Get-InjectedThread

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    if($memory_basic_info.Size -ge 0x400)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 0x400
    }
    else
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size $memory_basic_info.Size
    }
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($proc.Id)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()
  3. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 1, 2018. 1 changed file with 279 additions and 469 deletions.
    748 changes: 279 additions & 469 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -58,135 +58,111 @@ function Get-InjectedThread

    )

    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot
    do
    foreach($proc in (Get-Process))
    {
    $proc = Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId

    if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4)
    if($proc.Id -ne 0 -and $proc.Id -ne 4)
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    Write-Verbose -Message "Checking $($proc.Name) [$($proc.Id)] for injection"
    foreach($thread in $proc.Threads)
    {
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    Write-Verbose -Message "Thread Id: [$($thread.Id)]"

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $thread.Id -DesiredAccess THREAD_ALL_ACCESS
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $proc.Id -DesiredAccess PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    {
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }
    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($proc.Id)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess TOKEN_QUERY

    if($hThreadToken -ne 0)
    {
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess TOKEN_QUERY

    if($hProcessToken -ne 0)
    {
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $thread.Id
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name ThreadStartTime -Value $thread.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $thread.BasePriority
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    }
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }
    CloseHandle($hThread)
    }
    CloseHandle($hThread)
    }
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }
    }

    function Stop-Thread
    function Get-LogonSession
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Terminates a specified Thread.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The Stop-Thread function can stop an individual thread in a process. This is quite useful in situations where code injection (dll injection) techniques have been used by attackers. If an attacker runs their malicious code in a thread within a critical process, then Stop-Thread can kill the malicious thread without hurting the critical process.
    <#
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .EXAMPLE
    PS > Stop-Thread -ThreadId 1776
    Author: Lee Christensen (@tifkin_)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId
    )

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE
    TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    CloseHandle -Handle $hThread
    }

    <#
    Author: Lee Christensen (@tifkin_)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    #>
    function Get-LogonSession
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    @@ -955,17 +931,29 @@ New-Struct. :P

    #region PSReflect Definitions (Thread)

    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread
    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName GetInjectedThread

    $LuidAttributes = psenum $Mod Thread.LuidAttributes UInt32 @{
    #region Constants
    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-0"
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-4096"
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8192"
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"
    #endregion Constants

    #region Enums
    $LuidAttributes = psenum $Module LuidAttributes UInt32 @{
    DISABLED = '0x00000000'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT = '0x00000001'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = '0x00000002'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_REMOVED = '0x00000004'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS = '0x80000000'
    } -Bitfield

    $MemProtection = psenum $Mod Thread.MemProtection UInt32 @{
    $MemProtection = psenum $Module MemProtection UInt32 @{
    PAGE_EXECUTE = 0x10
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READ = 0x20
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40
    @@ -981,19 +969,40 @@ $MemProtection = psenum $Mod Thread.MemProtection UInt32 @{
    PAGE_WRITECOMBINE = 0x400
    } -Bitfield

    $MemState = psenum $Mod Thread.MemState UInt32 @{
    $MemState = psenum $Module MemState UInt32 @{
    MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000
    MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000
    MEM_FREE = 0x10000
    }

    $MemType = psenum $Mod Thread.MemType UInt32 @{
    $MemType = psenum $Module MemType UInt32 @{
    MEM_PRIVATE = 0x20000
    MEM_MAPPED = 0x40000
    MEM_IMAGE = 0x1000000
    }

    $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    $PROCESS_ACCESS = psenum $Module PROCESS_ACCESS UInt32 @{
    PROCESS_TERMINATE = 0x00000001
    PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD = 0x00000002
    PROCESS_VM_OPERATION = 0x00000008
    PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x00000010
    PROCESS_VM_WRITE = 0x00000020
    PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE = 0x00000040
    PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS = 0x00000080
    PROCESS_SET_QUOTA = 0x00000100
    PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION = 0x00000200
    PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x00000400
    PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x00000800
    PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x00001000
    DELETE = 0x00010000
    READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000
    SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = 0x001f1ffb
    } -Bitfield

    $SecurityEntity = psenum $Module SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege = 1
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege = 2
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege = 3
    @@ -1031,7 +1040,7 @@ $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege = 35
    }

    $SidNameUser = psenum $Mod Thread.SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{
    $SidNameUser = psenum $Module SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{
    SidTypeUser = 1
    SidTypeGroup = 2
    SidTypeDomain = 3
    @@ -1043,7 +1052,45 @@ $SidNameUser = psenum $Mod Thread.SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{
    SidTypeComputer = 9
    }

    $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Mod Thread.TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{
    $THREAD_ACCESS = psenum $Module THREAD_ACCESS UInt32 @{
    THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x00000001
    THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x00000002
    THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x00000008
    THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x00000010
    THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x00000020
    THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x00000040
    THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x00000080
    THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x00000100
    THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x00000200
    THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x00000400
    THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x00000800
    DELETE = 0x00010000
    READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000
    SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = 0x001f0ffb
    } -Bitfield

    $TOKEN_ACCESS = psenum $Module TOKEN_ACCESS UInt32 @{
    TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x00000002
    TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x00000004
    TOKEN_QUERY = 0x00000008
    TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x00000010
    TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x00000020
    TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x00000040
    TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x00000080
    TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x00000100
    DELETE = 0x00010000
    READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000
    SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = 0x001f01ff
    } -Bitfield

    $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Module TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{
    TokenUser = 1
    TokenGroups = 2
    TokenPrivileges = 3
    @@ -1086,18 +1133,20 @@ $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Mod Thread.TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{
    TokenIsRestricted = 40
    MaxTokenInfoClass = 41
    }
    #endregion Enums

    $LUID = struct $Mod Thread.Luid @{
    #region Structs
    $LUID = struct $Module Luid @{
    LowPart = field 0 $SecurityEntity
    HighPart = field 1 Int32
    }

    $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.LuidAndAttributes @{
    $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Module LuidAndAttributes @{
    Luid = field 0 $LUID
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }

    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Module MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 UIntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 UIntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    @@ -1107,38 +1156,30 @@ $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    Type = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.SidAndAttributes @{
    $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Module SidAndAttributes @{
    Sid = field 0 IntPtr
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }

    $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{
    dwSize = field 0 UInt32
    cntUsage = field 1 UInt32
    th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32
    th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32
    tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32
    tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32
    dwFlags = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL = struct $Mod Thread.TokenMandatoryLabel @{
    $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL = struct $Module TokenMandatoryLabel @{
    Label = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES;
    }

    $TOKEN_ORIGIN = struct $Mod Thread.TokenOrigin @{
    $TOKEN_ORIGIN = struct $Module TokenOrigin @{
    OriginatingLogonSession = field 0 UInt64
    }

    $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES = struct $Mod Thread.TokenPrivileges @{
    $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES = struct $Module TokenPrivileges @{
    PrivilegeCount = field 0 UInt32
    Privileges = field 1 $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES.MakeArrayType() -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 50)
    }

    $TOKEN_USER = struct $Mod Thread.TOKEN_USER @{
    $TOKEN_USER = struct $Module TOKEN_USER @{
    User = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
    }
    #endregion Structs

    #region Function Definitions
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    @@ -1149,11 +1190,6 @@ $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    @@ -1210,21 +1246,6 @@ $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)

    (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess,
    [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress,
    @@ -1233,103 +1254,11 @@ $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    ) -SetLastError)
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Module -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32']

    $DELETE = 0x00010000
    $READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    $SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    $WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    $WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000

    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS = 0x0080
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD = 0x0002
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE = 0x0040
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x1000
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0200
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA = 0x0100
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0800
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION = 0x0008
    $PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE = 0x0020
    $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD -bor
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA -bor
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_READ -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE

    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x0200
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x0008
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x0100
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0040
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0800
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x0010
    $THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0020
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x0080
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0002
    $THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION -bor
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN -bor
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $THREAD_TERMINATE

    $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004
    $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100
    $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT


    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-0"
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-4096"
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8192"
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"
    #endregion Function Definitions

    #endregion PSReflect Definitions (Thread)

    @@ -1454,56 +1383,6 @@ function ConvertSidToStringSid
    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr))
    }

    function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Takes a snapshot of the specified processes, as well as the heaps, modules, and threads used by these processes.
    .DESCRIPTION
    .PARAMETER ProcessId
    .PARAMETER Flags
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $Flags
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hSnapshot = $Kernel32::CreateToolhelp32Snapshot($Flags, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hSnapshot)
    {
    Write-Debug "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hSnapshot
    }

    function GetTokenInformation
    {
    <#
    @@ -1719,8 +1598,17 @@ function OpenProcess
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: PROCESS_ACCESS
    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -EntryPoint OpenProcess -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684320(v=vs.85).aspx
    @@ -1732,34 +1620,36 @@ function OpenProcess
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    [ValidateSet('PROCESS_TERMINATE','PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD','PROCESS_VM_OPERATION','PROCESS_VM_READ','PROCESS_VM_WRITE','PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE','PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS','PROCESS_SET_QUOTA','PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION','PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION','PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME','PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION','DELETE','READ_CONTROL','WRITE_DAC','WRITE_OWNER','SYNCHRONIZE','PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS')]
    [string[]]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )
    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>
    $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    # Calculate Desired Access Value
    $dwDesiredAccess = 0

    foreach($val in $DesiredAccess)
    {
    $dwDesiredAccess = $dwDesiredAccess -bor $PROCESS_ACCESS::$val
    }

    $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($dwDesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($hProcess -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    #throw "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hProcess
    @@ -1783,8 +1673,17 @@ function OpenProcessToken
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: TOKEN_ACCESS (Enumeration)
    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -EntryPoint OpenProcessToken -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379295(v=vs.85).aspx
    @@ -1796,31 +1695,34 @@ function OpenProcessToken
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    [OutputType([IntPtr])]
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    [ValidateSet('TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY','TOKEN_DUPLICATE','TOKEN_IMPERSONATE','TOKEN_QUERY','TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE','TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES','TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS','TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT','TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID','DELETE','READ_CONTROL','WRITE_DAC','WRITE_OWNER','SYNCHRONIZE','STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED','TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS')]
    [string[]]
    $DesiredAccess
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>
    # Calculate Desired Access Value
    $dwDesiredAccess = 0

    foreach($val in $DesiredAccess)
    {
    $dwDesiredAccess = $dwDesiredAccess -bor $TOKEN_ACCESS::$val
    }

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenProcessToken($ProcessHandle, $DesiredAccess, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenProcessToken($ProcessHandle, $dwDesiredAccess, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    @@ -1853,8 +1755,17 @@ function OpenThread
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: THREAD_ACCESS (Enumeration)
    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -EntryPoint OpenThread -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684335(v=vs.85).aspx
    @@ -1866,34 +1777,36 @@ function OpenThread
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    [ValidateSet('THREAD_TERMINATE','THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME','THREAD_GET_CONTEXT','THREAD_SET_CONTEXT','THREAD_SET_INFORMATION','THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION','THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN','THREAD_IMPERSONATE','THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION','THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION','THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION','DELETE','READ_CONTROL','WRITE_DAC','WRITE_OWNER','SYNCHRONIZE','THREAD_ALL_ACCESS')]
    [string[]]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>
    # Calculate Desired Access Value
    $dwDesiredAccess = 0

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    foreach($val in $DesiredAccess)
    {
    $dwDesiredAccess = $dwDesiredAccess -bor $THREAD_ACCESS::$val
    }

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($dwDesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($hThread -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    #throw "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    @@ -1927,8 +1840,18 @@ function OpenThreadToken
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: $TOKEN_ACCESS (Enumeration)
    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -EntryPoint OpenThreadToken -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379296(v=vs.85).aspx
    @@ -1940,36 +1863,36 @@ function OpenThreadToken
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    [ValidateSet('TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY','TOKEN_DUPLICATE','TOKEN_IMPERSONATE','TOKEN_QUERY','TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE','TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES','TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS','TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT','TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID','DELETE','READ_CONTROL','WRITE_DAC','WRITE_OWNER','SYNCHRONIZE','STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED','TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS')]
    [string[]]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $OpenAsSelf = $false
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    # Calculate Desired Access Value
    $dwDesiredAccess = 0

    foreach($val in $DesiredAccess)
    {
    $dwDesiredAccess = $dwDesiredAccess -bor $TOKEN_ACCESS::$val
    }

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($ThreadHandle, $DesiredAccess, $OpenAsSelf, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($ThreadHandle, $dwDesiredAccess, $OpenAsSelf, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    @@ -2100,119 +2023,8 @@ function ReadProcessMemory
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    }

    function TerminateThread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Terminates a thread.
    .DESCRIPTION
    TerminateThread is used to cause a thread to exit. When this occurs, the target thread has no chance to execute any user-mode code. DLLs attached to the thread are not notified that the thread is terminating. The system frees the thread's initial stack.
    .PARAMETER ThreadHandle
    A handle to the thread to be terminated.
    The handle must have the THREAD_TERMINATE access right.
    .PARAMETER ExitCode
    The exit code for the thread.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686717(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $ExitCode = 0
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Success = $Kernel32::TerminateThread($ThreadHandle, $ExitCode); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    function Thread32First
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Retrieves information about the first thread of any process encountered in a system snapshot.
    .PARAMETER SnapshotHandle
    A handle to the snapshot returned from a previous call to the CreateToolhelp32Snapshot function.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686728(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $SnapshotHandle
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Thread = [Activator]::CreateInstance($THREADENTRY32)
    $Thread.dwSize = $THREADENTRY32::GetSize()

    $Success = $Kernel32::Thread32First($hSnapshot, [Ref]$Thread); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $Thread
    }

    function VirtualQueryEx
    {
    <#
    @@ -2265,8 +2077,6 @@ function VirtualQueryEx
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    #Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)"
    #Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
  4. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 1, 2018. 1 changed file with 1 addition and 1 deletion.
    2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Stop-Thread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function Stop-Thread
    $ThreadId
    )

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess THREAD_TERMINATE
    TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    CloseHandle -Handle $hThread
    }
  5. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 1, 2018. 1 changed file with 1015 additions and 0 deletions.
    1,015 changes: 1,015 additions & 0 deletions Stop-Thread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,1015 @@
    function Stop-Thread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Terminates a specified Thread.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The Stop-Thread function can stop an individual thread in a process. This is quite useful in situations where code injection (dll injection) techniques have been used by attackers. If an attacker runs their malicious code in a thread within a critical process, then Stop-Thread can kill the malicious thread without hurting the critical process.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .EXAMPLE
    PS > Stop-Thread -ThreadId 1776
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId
    )

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE
    TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    CloseHandle -Handle $hThread
    }

    #region PSReflect

    function New-InMemoryModule
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory assembly and module
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    When defining custom enums, structs, and unmanaged functions, it is
    necessary to associate to an assembly module. This helper function
    creates an in-memory module that can be passed to the 'enum',
    'struct', and Add-Win32Type functions.
    .PARAMETER ModuleName
    Specifies the desired name for the in-memory assembly and module. If
    ModuleName is not provided, it will default to a GUID.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    #>

    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $ModuleName = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString()
    )

    $AppDomain = [Reflection.Assembly].Assembly.GetType('System.AppDomain').GetProperty('CurrentDomain').GetValue($null, @())
    $LoadedAssemblies = $AppDomain.GetAssemblies()

    foreach ($Assembly in $LoadedAssemblies) {
    if ($Assembly.FullName -and ($Assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] -eq $ModuleName)) {
    return $Assembly
    }
    }

    $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName($ModuleName)
    $Domain = $AppDomain
    $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, 'Run')
    $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule($ModuleName, $False)

    return $ModuleBuilder
    }

    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function
    # prototypes for Add-Win32Type.
    function func
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [string]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(Position = 3)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(Position = 4)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention,

    [Parameter(Position = 5)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset,

    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Switch]
    $SetLastError
    )

    $Properties = @{
    DllName = $DllName
    FunctionName = $FunctionName
    ReturnType = $ReturnType
    }

    if ($ParameterTypes) { $Properties['ParameterTypes'] = $ParameterTypes }
    if ($NativeCallingConvention) { $Properties['NativeCallingConvention'] = $NativeCallingConvention }
    if ($Charset) { $Properties['Charset'] = $Charset }
    if ($SetLastError) { $Properties['SetLastError'] = $SetLastError }
    if ($EntryPoint) { $Properties['EntryPoint'] = $EntryPoint }

    New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
    }

    function Add-Win32Type
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates a .NET type for an unmanaged Win32 function.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: func
    .DESCRIPTION
    Add-Win32Type enables you to easily interact with unmanaged (i.e.
    Win32 unmanaged) functions in PowerShell. After providing
    Add-Win32Type with a function signature, a .NET type is created
    using reflection (i.e. csc.exe is never called like with Add-Type).
    The 'func' helper function can be used to reduce typing when defining
    multiple function definitions.
    .PARAMETER DllName
    The name of the DLL.
    .PARAMETER FunctionName
    The name of the target function.
    .PARAMETER EntryPoint
    The DLL export function name. This argument should be specified if the
    specified function name is different than the name of the exported
    function.
    .PARAMETER ReturnType
    The return type of the function.
    .PARAMETER ParameterTypes
    The function parameters.
    .PARAMETER NativeCallingConvention
    Specifies the native calling convention of the function. Defaults to
    stdcall.
    .PARAMETER Charset
    If you need to explicitly call an 'A' or 'W' Win32 function, you can
    specify the character set.
    .PARAMETER SetLastError
    Indicates whether the callee calls the SetLastError Win32 API
    function before returning from the attributed method.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the functions. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER Namespace
    An optional namespace to prepend to the type. Add-Win32Type defaults
    to a namespace consisting only of the name of the DLL.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 GetProcAddress ([IntPtr]) @([IntPtr], [String]) -Charset Ansi -SetLastError),
    (func kernel32 GetModuleHandle ([Intptr]) @([String]) -SetLastError),
    (func ntdll RtlGetCurrentPeb ([IntPtr]) @())
    )
    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Ntdll::RtlGetCurrentPeb()
    $ntdllbase = $Kernel32::GetModuleHandle('ntdll')
    $Kernel32::GetProcAddress($ntdllbase, 'RtlGetCurrentPeb')
    .NOTES
    Inspired by Lee Holmes' Invoke-WindowsApi http://poshcode.org/2189
    When defining multiple function prototypes, it is ideal to provide
    Add-Win32Type with an array of function signatures. That way, they
    are all incorporated into the same in-memory module.
    #>

    [OutputType([Hashtable])]
    Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention = [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::StdCall,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset = [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Switch]
    $SetLastError,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [ValidateNotNull()]
    [String]
    $Namespace = ''
    )

    BEGIN
    {
    $TypeHash = @{}
    }

    PROCESS
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType("$Namespace.$DllName")
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType($DllName)
    }
    }
    else
    {
    # Define one type for each DLL
    if (!$TypeHash.ContainsKey($DllName))
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType("$Namespace.$DllName", 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType($DllName, 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    }

    $Method = $TypeHash[$DllName].DefineMethod(
    $FunctionName,
    'Public,Static,PinvokeImpl',
    $ReturnType,
    $ParameterTypes)

    # Make each ByRef parameter an Out parameter
    $i = 1
    foreach($Parameter in $ParameterTypes)
    {
    if ($Parameter.IsByRef)
    {
    [void] $Method.DefineParameter($i, 'Out', $null)
    }

    $i++
    }

    $DllImport = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute]
    $SetLastErrorField = $DllImport.GetField('SetLastError')
    $CallingConventionField = $DllImport.GetField('CallingConvention')
    $CharsetField = $DllImport.GetField('CharSet')
    $EntryPointField = $DllImport.GetField('EntryPoint')
    if ($SetLastError) { $SLEValue = $True } else { $SLEValue = $False }

    if ($PSBoundParameters['EntryPoint']) { $ExportedFuncName = $EntryPoint } else { $ExportedFuncName = $FunctionName }

    # Equivalent to C# version of [DllImport(DllName)]
    $Constructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor([String])
    $DllImportAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($Constructor,
    $DllName, [Reflection.PropertyInfo[]] @(), [Object[]] @(),
    [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @($SetLastErrorField,
    $CallingConventionField,
    $CharsetField,
    $EntryPointField),
    [Object[]] @($SLEValue,
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] $NativeCallingConvention),
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] $Charset),
    $ExportedFuncName))

    $Method.SetCustomAttribute($DllImportAttribute)
    }
    }

    END
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return $TypeHash
    }

    $ReturnTypes = @{}

    foreach ($Key in $TypeHash.Keys)
    {
    $Type = $TypeHash[$Key].CreateType()

    $ReturnTypes[$Key] = $Type
    }

    return $ReturnTypes
    }
    }

    function psenum
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory enumeration for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'psenum' function facilitates the creation of enums entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the enum. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the enum.
    .PARAMETER Type
    The type of each enum element.
    .PARAMETER EnumElements
    A hashtable of enum elements.
    .PARAMETER Bitfield
    Specifies that the enum should be treated as a bitfield.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageSubsystem = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM UInt16 @{
    UNKNOWN = 0
    NATIVE = 1 # Image doesn't require a subsystem.
    WINDOWS_GUI = 2 # Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem.
    WINDOWS_CUI = 3 # Image runs in the Windows character subsystem.
    OS2_CUI = 5 # Image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem.
    POSIX_CUI = 7 # Image runs in the Posix character subsystem.
    NATIVE_WINDOWS = 8 # Image is a native Win9x driver.
    WINDOWS_CE_GUI = 9 # Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.
    EFI_APPLICATION = 10
    EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER = 11
    EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER = 12
    EFI_ROM = 13
    XBOX = 14
    WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION = 16
    }
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Enum. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $EnumElements,

    [Switch]
    $Bitfield
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    $EnumType = $Type -as [Type]

    $EnumBuilder = $Module.DefineEnum($FullName, 'Public', $EnumType)

    if ($Bitfield)
    {
    $FlagsConstructor = [FlagsAttribute].GetConstructor(@())
    $FlagsCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($FlagsConstructor, @())
    $EnumBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($FlagsCustomAttribute)
    }

    foreach ($Key in $EnumElements.Keys)
    {
    # Apply the specified enum type to each element
    $null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral($Key, $EnumElements[$Key] -as $EnumType)
    }

    $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
    }

    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct
    # fields.
    function field
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [UInt16]
    $Position,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 2)]
    [UInt16]
    $Offset,

    [Object[]]
    $MarshalAs
    )

    @{
    Position = $Position
    Type = $Type -as [Type]
    Offset = $Offset
    MarshalAs = $MarshalAs
    }
    }

    function struct
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory struct for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: field
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'struct' function facilitates the creation of structs entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. Struct
    fields are specified using a hashtable where each field of the struct
    is comprosed of the order in which it should be defined, its .NET
    type, and optionally, its offset and special marshaling attributes.
    One of the features of 'struct' is that after your struct is defined,
    it will come with a built-in GetSize method as well as an explicit
    converter so that you can easily cast an IntPtr to the struct without
    relying upon calling SizeOf and/or PtrToStructure in the Marshal
    class.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the struct. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the struct.
    .PARAMETER StructFields
    A hashtable of fields. Use the 'field' helper function to ease
    defining each field.
    .PARAMETER PackingSize
    Specifies the memory alignment of fields.
    .PARAMETER ExplicitLayout
    Indicates that an explicit offset for each field will be specified.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageDosSignature = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE UInt16 @{
    DOS_SIGNATURE = 0x5A4D
    OS2_SIGNATURE = 0x454E
    OS2_SIGNATURE_LE = 0x454C
    VXD_SIGNATURE = 0x454C
    }
    $ImageDosHeader = struct $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_HEADER @{
    e_magic = field 0 $ImageDosSignature
    e_cblp = field 1 UInt16
    e_cp = field 2 UInt16
    e_crlc = field 3 UInt16
    e_cparhdr = field 4 UInt16
    e_minalloc = field 5 UInt16
    e_maxalloc = field 6 UInt16
    e_ss = field 7 UInt16
    e_sp = field 8 UInt16
    e_csum = field 9 UInt16
    e_ip = field 10 UInt16
    e_cs = field 11 UInt16
    e_lfarlc = field 12 UInt16
    e_ovno = field 13 UInt16
    e_res = field 14 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 4)
    e_oemid = field 15 UInt16
    e_oeminfo = field 16 UInt16
    e_res2 = field 17 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 10)
    e_lfanew = field 18 Int32
    }
    # Example of using an explicit layout in order to create a union.
    $TestUnion = struct $Mod TestUnion @{
    field1 = field 0 UInt32 0
    field2 = field 1 IntPtr 0
    } -ExplicitLayout
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Struct. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $StructFields,

    [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]
    $PackingSize = [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Unspecified,

    [Switch]
    $ExplicitLayout
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    [Reflection.TypeAttributes] $StructAttributes = 'AnsiClass,
    Class,
    Public,
    Sealed,
    BeforeFieldInit'

    if ($ExplicitLayout)
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::ExplicitLayout
    }
    else
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::SequentialLayout
    }

    $StructBuilder = $Module.DefineType($FullName, $StructAttributes, [ValueType], $PackingSize)
    $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]
    $SizeConst = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst'))

    $Fields = New-Object Hashtable[]($StructFields.Count)

    # Sort each field according to the orders specified
    # Unfortunately, PSv2 doesn't have the luxury of the
    # hashtable [Ordered] accelerator.
    foreach ($Field in $StructFields.Keys)
    {
    $Index = $StructFields[$Field]['Position']
    $Fields[$Index] = @{FieldName = $Field; Properties = $StructFields[$Field]}
    }

    foreach ($Field in $Fields)
    {
    $FieldName = $Field['FieldName']
    $FieldProp = $Field['Properties']

    $Offset = $FieldProp['Offset']
    $Type = $FieldProp['Type']
    $MarshalAs = $FieldProp['MarshalAs']

    $NewField = $StructBuilder.DefineField($FieldName, $Type, 'Public')

    if ($MarshalAs)
    {
    $UnmanagedType = $MarshalAs[0] -as ([Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType])
    if ($MarshalAs[1])
    {
    $Size = $MarshalAs[1]
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo,
    $UnmanagedType, $SizeConst, @($Size))
    }
    else
    {
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, [Object[]] @($UnmanagedType))
    }

    $NewField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder)
    }

    if ($ExplicitLayout) { $NewField.SetOffset($Offset) }
    }

    # Make the struct aware of its own size.
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf!
    $SizeMethod = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('GetSize',
    'Public, Static',
    [Int],
    [Type[]] @())
    $ILGenerator = $SizeMethod.GetILGenerator()
    # Thanks for the help, Jason Shirk!
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('SizeOf', [Type[]] @([Type])))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    # Allow for explicit casting from an IntPtr
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure!
    $ImplicitConverter = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('op_Implicit',
    'PrivateScope, Public, Static, HideBySig, SpecialName',
    $StructBuilder,
    [Type[]] @([IntPtr]))
    $ILGenerator2 = $ImplicitConverter.GetILGenerator()
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Nop)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldarg_0)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('PtrToStructure', [Type[]] @([IntPtr], [Type])))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Unbox_Any, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    $StructBuilder.CreateType()
    }

    #endregion PSReflect

    #region PSReflect Definitions (Thread)

    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName StopThread

    #region Enums
    $THREAD_ACCESS = psenum $Module THREAD_ACCESS UInt32 @{
    THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x00000001
    THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x00000002
    THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x00000008
    THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x00000010
    THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x00000020
    THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x00000040
    THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x00000080
    THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x00000100
    THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x00000200
    THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x00000400
    THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x00000800
    DELETE = 0x00010000
    READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000
    SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = 0x001f0ffb
    } -Bitfield
    #endregion Enums

    #region Function Definitions
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError)
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Module -Namespace 'StopThread'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    #endregion Function Definitions
    #endregion PSReflect Definitions (Thread)

    #region Win32 API Abstractions

    function CloseHandle
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Closes an open object handle.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The CloseHandle function closes handles to the following objects:
    - Access token
    - Communications device
    - Console input
    - Console screen buffer
    - Event
    - File
    - File mapping
    - I/O completion port
    - Job
    - Mailslot
    - Memory resource notification
    - Mutex
    - Named pipe
    - Pipe
    - Process
    - Semaphore
    - Thread
    - Transaction
    - Waitable timer
    The documentation for the functions that create these objects indicates that CloseHandle should be used when you are finished with the object, and what happens to pending operations on the object after the handle is closed. In general, CloseHandle invalidates the specified object handle, decrements the object's handle count, and performs object retention checks. After the last handle to an object is closed, the object is removed from the system.
    .PARAMETER Handle
    A valid handle to an open object.
    .NOTES
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: None
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -EntryPoint CloseHandle -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724211(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $Handle
    )

    $SUCCESS = $Kernel32::CloseHandle($Handle); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $SUCCESS)
    {
    Write-Debug "CloseHandle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    function OpenThread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Opens an existing thread object.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The handle returned by OpenThread can be used in any function that requires a handle to a thread, such as the wait functions, provided you requested the appropriate access rights. The handle is granted access to the thread object only to the extent it was specified in the dwDesiredAccess parameter.
    When you are finished with the handle, be sure to close it by using the CloseHandle function.
    .PARAMETER ThreadId
    The identifier of the thread to be opened.
    .PARAMETER DesiredAccess
    The access to the thread object. This access right is checked against the security descriptor for the thread. This parameter can be one or more of the thread access rights.
    If the caller has enabled the SeDebugPrivilege privilege, the requested access is granted regardless of the contents of the security descriptor.
    .PARAMETER InheritHandle
    If this value is TRUE, processes created by this process will inherit the handle. Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle.
    .NOTES
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: THREAD_ACCESS (Enumeration)
    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -EntryPoint OpenThread -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684335(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [ValidateSet('THREAD_TERMINATE','THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME','THREAD_GET_CONTEXT','THREAD_SET_CONTEXT','THREAD_SET_INFORMATION','THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION','THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN','THREAD_IMPERSONATE','THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION','THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION','THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION','DELETE','READ_CONTROL','WRITE_DAC','WRITE_OWNER','SYNCHRONIZE','THREAD_ALL_ACCESS')]
    [string[]]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    # Calculate Desired Access Value
    $dwDesiredAccess = 0

    foreach($val in $DesiredAccess)
    {
    $dwDesiredAccess = $dwDesiredAccess -bor $THREAD_ACCESS::$val
    }

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($dwDesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($hThread -eq 0)
    {
    throw "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    }

    function TerminateThread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Terminates a thread.
    .DESCRIPTION
    TerminateThread is used to cause a thread to exit. When this occurs, the target thread has no chance to execute any user-mode code. DLLs attached to the thread are not notified that the thread is terminating. The system frees the thread's initial stack.
    .PARAMETER ThreadHandle
    A handle to the thread to be terminated.
    The handle must have the THREAD_TERMINATE access right.
    .PARAMETER ExitCode
    The exit code for the thread. This thread's exit code will be set to this value upon termination.
    .NOTES
    Author: Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: None
    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -EntryPoint TerminateThread -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686717(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $ExitCode = 0
    )

    $Success = $Kernel32::TerminateThread($ThreadHandle, $ExitCode); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    #endregion Win32 API Abstractions
  6. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 1, 2018. 1 changed file with 40 additions and 0 deletions.
    40 changes: 40 additions & 0 deletions New-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
    function New-InjectedThread
    {
    [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'None')]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'ByProcess', Position = 0)]
    [System.Diagnostics.Process]
    $Process,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'ById')]
    [UInt32]
    $Id
    )

    switch($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName)
    {
    ById
    {
    $Process = Get-Process -Id $Id
    }
    None
    {
    $Process = Get-Process -Id $PID
    }
    }

    $BaseAddress = VirtualAllocEx -ProcessHandle $Process.Handle -Size 0x1000 -AllocationType 0x3000 -Protect 0x40
    WriteProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $Process.Handle -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Buffer @(0x4D,0x5A)

    $thread = CreateRemoteThread -ProcessHandle $Process.Handle -StartAddress $BaseAddress

    CloseHandle -Handle $thread.Handle

    $obj = New-Object -TypeName psobject
    $obj | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name ProcessName -Value $Process.Name
    $obj | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name ProcessId -Value $Process.Id
    $obj | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name ThreadId -Value $thread.Id
    $obj | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name StartAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    Write-Output $obj
    }
  7. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 1, 2018. 1 changed file with 844 additions and 0 deletions.
    844 changes: 844 additions & 0 deletions Get-MemorySectionContent.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,844 @@
    function Get-MemorySectionContent
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [Int32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [Int32]
    $Size,

    [Parameter()]
    [string]
    $OutputPath = 'C:\Windows\Temp'
    )

    $Date = Get-Date -UFormat %Y%m%d-%H%M%S

    try
    {
    $process = Get-Process -Id $ProcessId
    $bytes = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $process.Handle -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size $Size
    $FullPath = Resolve-Path $OutputPath
    [IO.File]::WriteAllBytes("$($FullPath.Path)\$($ENV:COMPUTERNAME)-$($Date)-$($ProcessId)-$($BaseAddress)-$($Size).bin", $bytes)
    }
    catch
    {
    $_
    }
    }

    #region PSReflect

    function New-InMemoryModule
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory assembly and module
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    When defining custom enums, structs, and unmanaged functions, it is
    necessary to associate to an assembly module. This helper function
    creates an in-memory module that can be passed to the 'enum',
    'struct', and Add-Win32Type functions.
    .PARAMETER ModuleName
    Specifies the desired name for the in-memory assembly and module. If
    ModuleName is not provided, it will default to a GUID.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    #>

    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $ModuleName = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString()
    )

    $AppDomain = [Reflection.Assembly].Assembly.GetType('System.AppDomain').GetProperty('CurrentDomain').GetValue($null, @())
    $LoadedAssemblies = $AppDomain.GetAssemblies()

    foreach ($Assembly in $LoadedAssemblies) {
    if ($Assembly.FullName -and ($Assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] -eq $ModuleName)) {
    return $Assembly
    }
    }

    $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName($ModuleName)
    $Domain = $AppDomain
    $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, 'Run')
    $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule($ModuleName, $False)

    return $ModuleBuilder
    }

    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function
    # prototypes for Add-Win32Type.
    function func
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [string]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(Position = 3)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(Position = 4)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention,

    [Parameter(Position = 5)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset,

    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Switch]
    $SetLastError
    )

    $Properties = @{
    DllName = $DllName
    FunctionName = $FunctionName
    ReturnType = $ReturnType
    }

    if ($ParameterTypes) { $Properties['ParameterTypes'] = $ParameterTypes }
    if ($NativeCallingConvention) { $Properties['NativeCallingConvention'] = $NativeCallingConvention }
    if ($Charset) { $Properties['Charset'] = $Charset }
    if ($SetLastError) { $Properties['SetLastError'] = $SetLastError }
    if ($EntryPoint) { $Properties['EntryPoint'] = $EntryPoint }

    New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
    }

    function Add-Win32Type
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates a .NET type for an unmanaged Win32 function.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: func
    .DESCRIPTION
    Add-Win32Type enables you to easily interact with unmanaged (i.e.
    Win32 unmanaged) functions in PowerShell. After providing
    Add-Win32Type with a function signature, a .NET type is created
    using reflection (i.e. csc.exe is never called like with Add-Type).
    The 'func' helper function can be used to reduce typing when defining
    multiple function definitions.
    .PARAMETER DllName
    The name of the DLL.
    .PARAMETER FunctionName
    The name of the target function.
    .PARAMETER EntryPoint
    The DLL export function name. This argument should be specified if the
    specified function name is different than the name of the exported
    function.
    .PARAMETER ReturnType
    The return type of the function.
    .PARAMETER ParameterTypes
    The function parameters.
    .PARAMETER NativeCallingConvention
    Specifies the native calling convention of the function. Defaults to
    stdcall.
    .PARAMETER Charset
    If you need to explicitly call an 'A' or 'W' Win32 function, you can
    specify the character set.
    .PARAMETER SetLastError
    Indicates whether the callee calls the SetLastError Win32 API
    function before returning from the attributed method.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the functions. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER Namespace
    An optional namespace to prepend to the type. Add-Win32Type defaults
    to a namespace consisting only of the name of the DLL.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 GetProcAddress ([IntPtr]) @([IntPtr], [String]) -Charset Ansi -SetLastError),
    (func kernel32 GetModuleHandle ([Intptr]) @([String]) -SetLastError),
    (func ntdll RtlGetCurrentPeb ([IntPtr]) @())
    )
    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Ntdll::RtlGetCurrentPeb()
    $ntdllbase = $Kernel32::GetModuleHandle('ntdll')
    $Kernel32::GetProcAddress($ntdllbase, 'RtlGetCurrentPeb')
    .NOTES
    Inspired by Lee Holmes' Invoke-WindowsApi http://poshcode.org/2189
    When defining multiple function prototypes, it is ideal to provide
    Add-Win32Type with an array of function signatures. That way, they
    are all incorporated into the same in-memory module.
    #>

    [OutputType([Hashtable])]
    Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention = [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::StdCall,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset = [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Switch]
    $SetLastError,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [ValidateNotNull()]
    [String]
    $Namespace = ''
    )

    BEGIN
    {
    $TypeHash = @{}
    }

    PROCESS
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType("$Namespace.$DllName")
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType($DllName)
    }
    }
    else
    {
    # Define one type for each DLL
    if (!$TypeHash.ContainsKey($DllName))
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType("$Namespace.$DllName", 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType($DllName, 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    }

    $Method = $TypeHash[$DllName].DefineMethod(
    $FunctionName,
    'Public,Static,PinvokeImpl',
    $ReturnType,
    $ParameterTypes)

    # Make each ByRef parameter an Out parameter
    $i = 1
    foreach($Parameter in $ParameterTypes)
    {
    if ($Parameter.IsByRef)
    {
    [void] $Method.DefineParameter($i, 'Out', $null)
    }

    $i++
    }

    $DllImport = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute]
    $SetLastErrorField = $DllImport.GetField('SetLastError')
    $CallingConventionField = $DllImport.GetField('CallingConvention')
    $CharsetField = $DllImport.GetField('CharSet')
    $EntryPointField = $DllImport.GetField('EntryPoint')
    if ($SetLastError) { $SLEValue = $True } else { $SLEValue = $False }

    if ($PSBoundParameters['EntryPoint']) { $ExportedFuncName = $EntryPoint } else { $ExportedFuncName = $FunctionName }

    # Equivalent to C# version of [DllImport(DllName)]
    $Constructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor([String])
    $DllImportAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($Constructor,
    $DllName, [Reflection.PropertyInfo[]] @(), [Object[]] @(),
    [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @($SetLastErrorField,
    $CallingConventionField,
    $CharsetField,
    $EntryPointField),
    [Object[]] @($SLEValue,
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] $NativeCallingConvention),
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] $Charset),
    $ExportedFuncName))

    $Method.SetCustomAttribute($DllImportAttribute)
    }
    }

    END
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return $TypeHash
    }

    $ReturnTypes = @{}

    foreach ($Key in $TypeHash.Keys)
    {
    $Type = $TypeHash[$Key].CreateType()

    $ReturnTypes[$Key] = $Type
    }

    return $ReturnTypes
    }
    }

    function psenum
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory enumeration for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'psenum' function facilitates the creation of enums entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the enum. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the enum.
    .PARAMETER Type
    The type of each enum element.
    .PARAMETER EnumElements
    A hashtable of enum elements.
    .PARAMETER Bitfield
    Specifies that the enum should be treated as a bitfield.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageSubsystem = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM UInt16 @{
    UNKNOWN = 0
    NATIVE = 1 # Image doesn't require a subsystem.
    WINDOWS_GUI = 2 # Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem.
    WINDOWS_CUI = 3 # Image runs in the Windows character subsystem.
    OS2_CUI = 5 # Image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem.
    POSIX_CUI = 7 # Image runs in the Posix character subsystem.
    NATIVE_WINDOWS = 8 # Image is a native Win9x driver.
    WINDOWS_CE_GUI = 9 # Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.
    EFI_APPLICATION = 10
    EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER = 11
    EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER = 12
    EFI_ROM = 13
    XBOX = 14
    WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION = 16
    }
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Enum. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $EnumElements,

    [Switch]
    $Bitfield
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    $EnumType = $Type -as [Type]

    $EnumBuilder = $Module.DefineEnum($FullName, 'Public', $EnumType)

    if ($Bitfield)
    {
    $FlagsConstructor = [FlagsAttribute].GetConstructor(@())
    $FlagsCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($FlagsConstructor, @())
    $EnumBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($FlagsCustomAttribute)
    }

    foreach ($Key in $EnumElements.Keys)
    {
    # Apply the specified enum type to each element
    $null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral($Key, $EnumElements[$Key] -as $EnumType)
    }

    $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
    }

    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct
    # fields.
    function field
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [UInt16]
    $Position,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 2)]
    [UInt16]
    $Offset,

    [Object[]]
    $MarshalAs
    )

    @{
    Position = $Position
    Type = $Type -as [Type]
    Offset = $Offset
    MarshalAs = $MarshalAs
    }
    }

    function struct
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory struct for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: field
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'struct' function facilitates the creation of structs entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. Struct
    fields are specified using a hashtable where each field of the struct
    is comprosed of the order in which it should be defined, its .NET
    type, and optionally, its offset and special marshaling attributes.
    One of the features of 'struct' is that after your struct is defined,
    it will come with a built-in GetSize method as well as an explicit
    converter so that you can easily cast an IntPtr to the struct without
    relying upon calling SizeOf and/or PtrToStructure in the Marshal
    class.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the struct. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the struct.
    .PARAMETER StructFields
    A hashtable of fields. Use the 'field' helper function to ease
    defining each field.
    .PARAMETER PackingSize
    Specifies the memory alignment of fields.
    .PARAMETER ExplicitLayout
    Indicates that an explicit offset for each field will be specified.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageDosSignature = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE UInt16 @{
    DOS_SIGNATURE = 0x5A4D
    OS2_SIGNATURE = 0x454E
    OS2_SIGNATURE_LE = 0x454C
    VXD_SIGNATURE = 0x454C
    }
    $ImageDosHeader = struct $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_HEADER @{
    e_magic = field 0 $ImageDosSignature
    e_cblp = field 1 UInt16
    e_cp = field 2 UInt16
    e_crlc = field 3 UInt16
    e_cparhdr = field 4 UInt16
    e_minalloc = field 5 UInt16
    e_maxalloc = field 6 UInt16
    e_ss = field 7 UInt16
    e_sp = field 8 UInt16
    e_csum = field 9 UInt16
    e_ip = field 10 UInt16
    e_cs = field 11 UInt16
    e_lfarlc = field 12 UInt16
    e_ovno = field 13 UInt16
    e_res = field 14 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 4)
    e_oemid = field 15 UInt16
    e_oeminfo = field 16 UInt16
    e_res2 = field 17 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 10)
    e_lfanew = field 18 Int32
    }
    # Example of using an explicit layout in order to create a union.
    $TestUnion = struct $Mod TestUnion @{
    field1 = field 0 UInt32 0
    field2 = field 1 IntPtr 0
    } -ExplicitLayout
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Struct. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $StructFields,

    [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]
    $PackingSize = [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Unspecified,

    [Switch]
    $ExplicitLayout,

    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $CharSet = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Ansi
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    [Reflection.TypeAttributes] $StructAttributes = 'Class,Public,Sealed,BeforeFieldInit'

    if ($ExplicitLayout)
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::ExplicitLayout
    }
    else
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::SequentialLayout
    }

    switch($CharSet)
    {
    Ansi{$StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::AnsiClass}
    Auto{$StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::AutoClass}
    Unicode{$StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::UnicodeClass}
    }

    $StructBuilder = $Module.DefineType($FullName, $StructAttributes, [ValueType], $PackingSize)
    $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]
    $SizeConst = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst'))

    $Fields = New-Object Hashtable[]($StructFields.Count)

    # Sort each field according to the orders specified
    # Unfortunately, PSv2 doesn't have the luxury of the
    # hashtable [Ordered] accelerator.
    foreach ($Field in $StructFields.Keys)
    {
    $Index = $StructFields[$Field]['Position']
    $Fields[$Index] = @{FieldName = $Field; Properties = $StructFields[$Field]}
    }

    foreach ($Field in $Fields)
    {
    $FieldName = $Field['FieldName']
    $FieldProp = $Field['Properties']

    $Offset = $FieldProp['Offset']
    $Type = $FieldProp['Type']
    $MarshalAs = $FieldProp['MarshalAs']

    $NewField = $StructBuilder.DefineField($FieldName, $Type, 'Public')

    if ($MarshalAs)
    {
    $UnmanagedType = $MarshalAs[0] -as ([Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType])
    if ($MarshalAs[1])
    {
    $Size = $MarshalAs[1]
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo,
    $UnmanagedType, $SizeConst, @($Size))
    }
    else
    {
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, [Object[]] @($UnmanagedType))
    }

    $NewField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder)
    }

    if ($ExplicitLayout) { $NewField.SetOffset($Offset) }
    }

    # Make the struct aware of its own size.
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf!
    $SizeMethod = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('GetSize',
    'Public, Static',
    [Int],
    [Type[]] @())
    $ILGenerator = $SizeMethod.GetILGenerator()
    # Thanks for the help, Jason Shirk!
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('SizeOf', [Type[]] @([Type])))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    # Allow for explicit casting from an IntPtr
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure!
    $ImplicitConverter = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('op_Implicit',
    'PrivateScope, Public, Static, HideBySig, SpecialName',
    $StructBuilder,
    [Type[]] @([IntPtr]))
    $ILGenerator2 = $ImplicitConverter.GetILGenerator()
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Nop)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldarg_0)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('PtrToStructure', [Type[]] @([IntPtr], [Type])))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Unbox_Any, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    $StructBuilder.CreateType()
    }

    #endregion PSReflect

    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Get-MemorySectionContent

    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int32], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int32].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -EntryPoint ReadProcessMemory -SetLastError)
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Module -Namespace Get-MemorySectionContent

    $kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']

    function ReadProcessMemory
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Reads data from an area of memory in a specified process. The entire area to be read must be accessible or the operation fails.
    .DESCRIPTION
    ReadProcessMemory copies the data in the specified address range from the address space of the specified process into the specified buffer of the current process. Any process that has a handle with PROCESS_VM_READ access can call the function.
    The entire area to be read must be accessible, and if it is not accessible, the function fails.
    .PARAMETER ProcessHandle
    A handle to the process with memory that is being read. The handle must have PROCESS_VM_READ access to the process.
    .PARAMETER BaseAddress
    The base address in the specified process from which to read. Before any data transfer occurs, the system verifies that all data in the base address and memory of the specified size is accessible for read access, and if it is not accessible the function fails.
    .PARAMETER Size
    The number of bytes to be read from the specified process.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: PSReflect
    Optional Dependencies: None
    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -EntryPoint ReadProcessMemory -SetLastError)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680553(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [Int]
    $Size
    )

    $buf = New-Object byte[]($Size)
    [Int32]$NumberOfBytesRead = 0

    $SUCCESS = $Kernel32::ReadProcessMemory($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, $buf, $buf.Length, [ref]$NumberOfBytesRead); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $SUCCESS)
    {
    Write-Debug "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    }
  8. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Feb 21, 2018. No changes.
  9. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist May 12, 2017. 1 changed file with 1 addition and 1 deletion.
    2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    Common memory injection techniques that *can* be caught using this method include:
    - Classic Injection (OpenProcess, VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, CreateRemoteThread)
    - Reflective DLL Injection
    - Process Hollowing
    - Memory Module
    NOTE: Nothing in security is a silver bullet. An attacker could modify their tactics to avoid detection using this methodology.
  10. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 20, 2017. No changes.
  11. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 20, 2017. No changes.
  12. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 20, 2017. No changes.
  13. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 20, 2017. 1 changed file with 1370 additions and 961 deletions.
    2,331 changes: 1,370 additions & 961 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1,4 +1,247 @@
    #Requires -Version 2
    function Get-InjectedThread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Looks for threads that were created as a result of code injection.
    .DESCRIPTION
    Memory resident malware (fileless malware) often uses a form of memory injection to get code execution. Get-InjectedThread looks at each running thread to determine if it is the result of memory injection.
    Common memory injection techniques that *can* be caught using this method include:
    - Classic Injection (OpenProcess, VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, CreateRemoteThread)
    - Reflective DLL Injection
    - Process Hollowing
    NOTE: Nothing in security is a silver bullet. An attacker could modify their tactics to avoid detection using this methodology.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .EXAMPLE
    PS > Get-InjectedThread
    ProcessName : ThreadStart.exe
    ProcessId : 7784
    Path : C:\Users\tester\Desktop\ThreadStart.exe
    KernelPath : C:\Users\tester\Desktop\ThreadStart.exe
    CommandLine : "C:\Users\tester\Desktop\ThreadStart.exe"
    PathMismatch : False
    ThreadId : 14512
    AllocatedMemoryProtection : PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
    MemoryProtection : PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
    MemoryState : MEM_COMMIT
    MemoryType : MEM_PRIVATE
    BasePriority : 8
    IsUniqueThreadToken : False
    Integrity : MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    Privilege : SeChangeNotifyPrivilege
    LogonId : 999
    SecurityIdentifier : S-1-5-21-386661145-2656271985-3844047388-1001
    UserName : DESKTOP-HMTGQ0R\SYSTEM
    LogonSessionStartTime : 3/15/2017 5:45:38 PM
    LogonType : System
    AuthenticationPackage : NTLM
    BaseAddress : 4390912
    Size : 4096
    Bytes : {144, 195, 0, 0...}
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (

    )

    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot
    do
    {
    $proc = Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId

    if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4)
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    {
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    }
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }
    }
    CloseHandle($hThread)
    }
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }

    function Stop-Thread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Terminates a specified Thread.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The Stop-Thread function can stop an individual thread in a process. This is quite useful in situations where code injection (dll injection) techniques have been used by attackers. If an attacker runs their malicious code in a thread within a critical process, then Stop-Thread can kill the malicious thread without hurting the critical process.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .EXAMPLE
    PS > Stop-Thread -ThreadId 1776
    #>

    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId
    )

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE
    TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    CloseHandle -Handle $hThread
    }

    <#
    Author: Lee Christensen (@tifkin_)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    #>
    function Get-LogonSession
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $LogonId
    )

    $LogonMap = @{}
    Get-WmiObject Win32_LoggedOnUser | %{

    $Identity = $_.Antecedent | Select-String 'Domain="(.*)",Name="(.*)"'
    $LogonSession = $_.Dependent | Select-String 'LogonId="(\d+)"'

    $LogonMap[$LogonSession.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value] = New-Object PSObject -Property @{
    Domain = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value
    UserName = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[2].Value
    }
    }

    Get-WmiObject Win32_LogonSession -Filter "LogonId = `"$($LogonId)`"" | %{
    $LogonType = $Null
    switch($_.LogonType) {
    $null {$LogonType = 'None'}
    0 { $LogonType = 'System' }
    2 { $LogonType = 'Interactive' }
    3 { $LogonType = 'Network' }
    4 { $LogonType = 'Batch' }
    5 { $LogonType = 'Service' }
    6 { $LogonType = 'Proxy' }
    7 { $LogonType = 'Unlock' }
    8 { $LogonType = 'NetworkCleartext' }
    9 { $LogonType = 'NewCredentials' }
    10 { $LogonType = 'RemoteInteractive' }
    11 { $LogonType = 'CachedInteractive' }
    12 { $LogonType = 'CachedRemoteInteractive' }
    13 { $LogonType = 'CachedUnlock' }
    default { $LogonType = $_.LogonType}
    }

    New-Object PSObject -Property @{
    UserName = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].UserName
    Domain = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].Domain
    LogonId = $_.LogonId
    LogonType = $LogonType
    AuthenticationPackage = $_.AuthenticationPackage
    Caption = $_.Caption
    Description = $_.Description
    InstallDate = $_.InstallDate
    Name = $_.Name
    StartTime = $_.ConvertToDateTime($_.StartTime)
    }
    }
    }

    #region PSReflect

    function New-InMemoryModule
    {
    @@ -54,7 +297,6 @@ $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    return $ModuleBuilder
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function
    # prototypes for Add-Win32Type.
    function func
    @@ -107,7 +349,6 @@ function func
    New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
    }


    function Add-Win32Type
    {
    <#
    @@ -343,7 +584,6 @@ are all incorporated into the same in-memory module.
    }
    }


    function psenum
    {
    <#
    @@ -461,7 +701,6 @@ New-Enum. :P
    $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct
    # fields.
    function field
    @@ -492,7 +731,6 @@ function field
    }
    }


    function struct
    {
    <#
    @@ -713,1154 +951,1325 @@ New-Struct. :P
    $StructBuilder.CreateType()
    }

    function CloseHandle
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $Handle
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Success = $Kernel32::CloseHandle($Handle); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    #endregion PSReflect

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "Close Handle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }
    #region PSReflect Definitions (Thread)

    function ConvertSidToStringSid
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $SidPointer
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid,
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $StringPtr = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::ConvertSidToStringSid($SidPointer, [ref]$StringPtr); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "ConvertSidToStringSid Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr))
    }
    $LuidAttributes = psenum $Mod Thread.LuidAttributes UInt32 @{
    DISABLED = '0x00000000'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT = '0x00000001'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = '0x00000002'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_REMOVED = '0x00000004'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS = '0x80000000'
    } -Bitfield

    function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $Flags
    )
    $MemProtection = psenum $Mod Thread.MemProtection UInt32 @{
    PAGE_EXECUTE = 0x10
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READ = 0x20
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40
    PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY = 0x80
    PAGE_NOACCESS = 0x01
    PAGE_READONLY = 0x02
    PAGE_READWRITE = 0x04
    PAGE_WRITECOPY = 0x08
    PAGE_TARGETS_INVALID = 0x40000000
    PAGE_TARGETS_NO_UPDATE = 0x40000000
    PAGE_GUARD = 0x100
    PAGE_NOCACHE = 0x200
    PAGE_WRITECOMBINE = 0x400
    } -Bitfield

    $MemState = psenum $Mod Thread.MemState UInt32 @{
    MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000
    MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000
    MEM_FREE = 0x10000
    }

    $MemType = psenum $Mod Thread.MemType UInt32 @{
    MEM_PRIVATE = 0x20000
    MEM_MAPPED = 0x40000
    MEM_IMAGE = 0x1000000
    }

    $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege = 1
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege = 2
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege = 3
    SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege = 4
    SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege = 5
    SeMachineAccountPrivilege = 6
    SeTcbPrivilege = 7
    SeSecurityPrivilege = 8
    SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege = 9
    SeLoadDriverPrivilege = 10
    SeSystemProfilePrivilege = 11
    SeSystemtimePrivilege = 12
    SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege = 13
    SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege = 14
    SeCreatePagefilePrivilege = 15
    SeCreatePermanentPrivilege = 16
    SeBackupPrivilege = 17
    SeRestorePrivilege = 18
    SeShutdownPrivilege = 19
    SeDebugPrivilege = 20
    SeAuditPrivilege = 21
    SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege = 22
    SeChangeNotifyPrivilege = 23
    SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege = 24
    SeUndockPrivilege = 25
    SeSyncAgentPrivilege = 26
    SeEnableDelegationPrivilege = 27
    SeManageVolumePrivilege = 28
    SeImpersonatePrivilege = 29
    SeCreateGlobalPrivilege = 30
    SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege = 31
    SeRelabelPrivilege = 32
    SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege = 33
    SeTimeZonePrivilege = 34
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege = 35
    }

    $SidNameUser = psenum $Mod Thread.SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{
    SidTypeUser = 1
    SidTypeGroup = 2
    SidTypeDomain = 3
    SidTypeAlias = 4
    SidTypeWellKnownGroup = 5
    SidTypeDeletedAccount = 6
    SidTypeInvalid = 7
    SidTypeUnknown = 8
    SidTypeComputer = 9
    }

    $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Mod Thread.TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{
    TokenUser = 1
    TokenGroups = 2
    TokenPrivileges = 3
    TokenOwner = 4
    TokenPrimaryGroup = 5
    TokenDefaultDacl = 6
    TokenSource = 7
    TokenType = 8
    TokenImpersonationLevel = 9
    TokenStatistics = 10
    TokenRestrictedSids = 11
    TokenSessionId = 12
    TokenGroupsAndPrivileges = 13
    TokenSessionReference = 14
    TokenSandBoxInert = 15
    TokenAuditPolicy = 16
    TokenOrigin = 17
    TokenElevationType = 18
    TokenLinkedToken = 19
    TokenElevation = 20
    TokenHasRestrictions = 21
    TokenAccessInformation = 22
    TokenVirtualizationAllowed = 23
    TokenVirtualizationEnabled = 24
    TokenIntegrityLevel = 25
    TokenUIAccess = 26
    TokenMandatoryPolicy = 27
    TokenLogonSid = 28
    TokenIsAppContainer = 29
    TokenCapabilities = 30
    TokenAppContainerSid = 31
    TokenAppContainerNumber = 32
    TokenUserClaimAttributes = 33
    TokenDeviceClaimAttributes = 34
    TokenRestrictedUserClaimAttributes = 35
    TokenRestrictedDeviceClaimAttributes = 36
    TokenDeviceGroups = 37
    TokenRestrictedDeviceGroups = 38
    TokenSecurityAttributes = 39
    TokenIsRestricted = 40
    MaxTokenInfoClass = 41
    }

    $LUID = struct $Mod Thread.Luid @{
    LowPart = field 0 $SecurityEntity
    HighPart = field 1 Int32
    }

    $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.LuidAndAttributes @{
    Luid = field 0 $LUID
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }

    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 UIntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 UIntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr
    State = field 4 UInt32
    Protect = field 5 UInt32
    Type = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.SidAndAttributes @{
    Sid = field 0 IntPtr
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }

    $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{
    dwSize = field 0 UInt32
    cntUsage = field 1 UInt32
    th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32
    th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32
    tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32
    tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32
    dwFlags = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL = struct $Mod Thread.TokenMandatoryLabel @{
    Label = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES;
    }

    $TOKEN_ORIGIN = struct $Mod Thread.TokenOrigin @{
    OriginatingLogonSession = field 0 UInt64
    }

    $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES = struct $Mod Thread.TokenPrivileges @{
    PrivilegeCount = field 0 UInt32
    Privileges = field 1 $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES.MakeArrayType() -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 50)
    }

    $TOKEN_USER = struct $Mod Thread.TOKEN_USER @{
    User = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
    }

    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid,
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError),

    <#
    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hSnapshot = $Kernel32::CreateToolhelp32Snapshot($Flags, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hSnapshot)
    {
    Write-Debug "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hSnapshot
    }

    function GetTokenInformation
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $TokenHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    $TokenInformationClass
    )
    ) -SetLastError),

    <#
    (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    # initial query to determine the necessary buffer size
    $TokenPtrSize = 0
    $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, 0, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize)
    [IntPtr]$TokenPtr = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal($TokenPtrSize)

    # retrieve the proper buffer value
    $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, $TokenPtr, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($Success)
    {
    switch($TokenInformationClass)
    {
    1 # TokenUser
    {
    $TokenUser = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_USER
    ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenUser.User.Sid
    }
    3 # TokenPrivilege
    {
    # query the process token with the TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS = 3 enum to retrieve a TOKEN_PRIVILEGES structure
    $TokenPrivileges = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES

    $sb = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder

    for($i=0; $i -lt $TokenPrivileges.PrivilegeCount; $i++)
    {
    if((($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Attributes -as $LuidAttributes) -band $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED) -eq $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED)
    {
    $sb.Append(", $($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Luid.LowPart.ToString())") | Out-Null
    }
    }
    Write-Output $sb.ToString().TrimStart(', ')
    }
    17 # TokenOrigin
    {
    $TokenOrigin = $TokenPtr -as $LUID
    Write-Output (Get-LogonSession -LogonId $TokenOrigin.LowPart)
    }
    22 # TokenAccessInformation
    {

    }
    25 # TokenIntegrityLevel
    {
    $TokenIntegrity = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL
    switch(ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenIntegrity.Label.Sid)
    {
    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    }
    }
    }
    }
    else
    {
    Write-Debug "GetTokenInformation Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    try
    {
    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::FreeHGlobal($TokenPtr)
    }
    catch
    {

    }
    }
    ) -SetLastError),

    function NtQueryInformationThread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle
    )

    <#
    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([UInt32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle,
    [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass,
    [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation,
    [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength,
    [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength
    ))
    #>
    )),

    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError),

    $buf = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal([IntPtr]::Size)
    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 QueryFullProcessImageName ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [System.Text.StringBuilder] #_Out_ LPTSTR lpExeName,
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ PDWORD lpdwSize
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)

    (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess,
    [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress,
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer,
    [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32']

    $DELETE = 0x00010000
    $READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    $SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    $WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    $WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000

    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS = 0x0080
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD = 0x0002
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE = 0x0040
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x1000
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0200
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA = 0x0100
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0800
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION = 0x0008
    $PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE = 0x0020
    $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD -bor
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA -bor
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_READ -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE

    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x0200
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x0008
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x0100
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0040
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0800
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x0010
    $THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0020
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x0080
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0002
    $THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION -bor
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN -bor
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $THREAD_TERMINATE

    $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004
    $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100
    $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT


    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-0"
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-4096"
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8192"
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"

    $Success = $Ntdll::NtQueryInformationThread($ThreadHandle, 9, $buf, [IntPtr]::Size, [IntPtr]::Zero); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    #endregion PSReflect Definitions (Thread)

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf))
    }
    #region Win32 API Abstractions

    function OpenProcess
    function CloseHandle
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>
    .SYNOPSIS
    Closes an open object handle.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The CloseHandle function closes handles to the following objects:
    - Access token
    - Communications device
    - Console input
    - Console screen buffer
    - Event
    - File
    - File mapping
    - I/O completion port
    - Job
    - Mailslot
    - Memory resource notification
    - Mutex
    - Named pipe
    - Pipe
    - Process
    - Semaphore
    - Thread
    - Transaction
    - Waitable timer
    $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    The documentation for the functions that create these objects indicates that CloseHandle should be used when you are finished with the object, and what happens to pending operations on the object after the handle is closed. In general, CloseHandle invalidates the specified object handle, decrements the object's handle count, and performs object retention checks. After the last handle to an object is closed, the object is removed from the system.
    if($hProcess -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    .PARAMETER Handle
    A valid handle to an open object.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    Write-Output $hProcess
    }
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724211(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    function OpenProcessToken
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess
    $Handle
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    <#
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenProcessToken($ProcessHandle, $DesiredAccess, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    $Success = $Kernel32::CloseHandle($Handle); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "Close Handle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    }

    function OpenThread
    function ConvertSidToStringSid
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    .SYNOPSIS
    if($hThread -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    }
    The ConvertSidToStringSid function converts a security identifier (SID) to a string format suitable for display, storage, or transmission.
    function OpenThreadToken
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $OpenAsSelf = $false
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($ThreadHandle, $DesiredAccess, $OpenAsSelf, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    .DESCRIPTION
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    The ConvertSidToStringSid function uses the standard S-R-I-S-S… format for SID strings.
    Write-Output $hToken
    }
    .PARAMETER SidPointer
    function QueryFullProcessImageName
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $Flags = 0
    )

    $capacity = 2048
    $sb = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder($capacity)
    A pointer to the SID structure to be converted.
    $Success = $Kernel32::QueryFullProcessImageName($ProcessHandle, $Flags, $sb, [ref]$capacity); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    .NOTES
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    Write-Output $sb.ToString()
    }
    .LINK
    function ReadProcessMemory
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [Int]
    $Size
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError) # MSDN states to call GetLastError if the return value is false.
    #>

    $buf = New-Object byte[]($Size)
    [Int32]$NumberOfBytesRead = 0

    $Success = $Kernel32::ReadProcessMemory($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, $buf, $buf.Length, [ref]$NumberOfBytesRead); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa376399(v=vs.85).aspx
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    }
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    function TerminateThread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $ExitCode = 0
    $SidPointer
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid,
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Success = $Kernel32::TerminateThread($ThreadHandle, $ExitCode); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    $StringPtr = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::ConvertSidToStringSid($SidPointer, [ref]$StringPtr); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "ConvertSidToStringSid Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr))
    }

    function Thread32First
    function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $SnapshotHandle
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Thread = [Activator]::CreateInstance($THREADENTRY32)
    $Thread.dwSize = $THREADENTRY32::GetSize()
    .SYNOPSIS
    $Success = $Kernel32::Thread32First($hSnapshot, [Ref]$Thread); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    Takes a snapshot of the specified processes, as well as the heaps, modules, and threads used by these processes.
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    .DESCRIPTION
    .PARAMETER ProcessId
    .PARAMETER Flags
    Write-Output $Thread
    }
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    function VirtualQueryEx
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress
    [UInt32]
    $Flags
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess,
    [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress,
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer,
    [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength
    <#
    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $memory_basic_info = [Activator]::CreateInstance($MEMORYBASICINFORMATION)
    $Success = $Kernel32::VirtualQueryEx($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, [Ref]$memory_basic_info, $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION::GetSize()); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()
    $hSnapshot = $Kernel32::CreateToolhelp32Snapshot($Flags, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    if(-not $hSnapshot)
    {
    Write-Debug "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    #Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)"
    #Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)"
    Write-Debug "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
    Write-Output $hSnapshot
    }

    <#
    Author: Lee Christensen (@tifkin_)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    #>

    function Get-LogonSession
    function GetTokenInformation
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $LogonId
    )

    $LogonMap = @{}
    Get-WmiObject Win32_LoggedOnUser | %{

    $Identity = $_.Antecedent | Select-String 'Domain="(.*)",Name="(.*)"'
    $LogonSession = $_.Dependent | Select-String 'LogonId="(\d+)"'
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    $LogonMap[$LogonSession.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value] = New-Object PSObject -Property @{
    Domain = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value
    UserName = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[2].Value
    }
    }
    .DESCRIPTION
    Get-WmiObject Win32_LogonSession -Filter "LogonId = `"$($LogonId)`"" | %{
    $LogonType = $Null
    switch($_.LogonType) {
    $null {$LogonType = 'None'}
    0 { $LogonType = 'System' }
    2 { $LogonType = 'Interactive' }
    3 { $LogonType = 'Network' }
    4 { $LogonType = 'Batch' }
    5 { $LogonType = 'Service' }
    6 { $LogonType = 'Proxy' }
    7 { $LogonType = 'Unlock' }
    8 { $LogonType = 'NetworkCleartext' }
    9 { $LogonType = 'NewCredentials' }
    10 { $LogonType = 'RemoteInteractive' }
    11 { $LogonType = 'CachedInteractive' }
    12 { $LogonType = 'CachedRemoteInteractive' }
    13 { $LogonType = 'CachedUnlock' }
    default { $LogonType = $_.LogonType}
    }
    .PARAMETER TokenHandle
    New-Object PSObject -Property @{
    UserName = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].UserName
    Domain = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].Domain
    LogonId = $_.LogonId
    LogonType = $LogonType
    AuthenticationPackage = $_.AuthenticationPackage
    Caption = $_.Caption
    Description = $_.Description
    InstallDate = $_.InstallDate
    Name = $_.Name
    StartTime = $_.ConvertToDateTime($_.StartTime)
    }
    }
    }
    .PARAMETER TokenInformationClass
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    function Get-InjectedThread
    {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $TokenHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    $TokenInformationClass
    )

    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot
    do
    <#
    (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    # initial query to determine the necessary buffer size
    $TokenPtrSize = 0
    $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, 0, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize)
    [IntPtr]$TokenPtr = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal($TokenPtrSize)

    # retrieve the proper buffer value
    $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, $TokenPtr, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($Success)
    {
    $proc = Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId
    #Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "ProcessName: $($proc.Name)"
    if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4)
    switch($TokenInformationClass)
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    1 # TokenUser
    {
    $TokenUser = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_USER
    ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenUser.User.Sid
    }
    3 # TokenPrivilege
    {
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    # query the process token with the TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS = 3 enum to retrieve a TOKEN_PRIVILEGES structure
    $TokenPrivileges = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    $sb = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder

    for($i=0; $i -lt $TokenPrivileges.PrivilegeCount; $i++)
    {
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    if((($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Attributes -as $LuidAttributes) -band $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED) -eq $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED)
    {
    $sb.Append(", $($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Luid.LowPart.ToString())") | Out-Null
    }
    }
    Write-Output $sb.ToString().TrimStart(', ')
    }
    17 # TokenOrigin
    {
    $TokenOrigin = $TokenPtr -as $LUID
    Write-Output (Get-LogonSession -LogonId $TokenOrigin.LowPart)
    }
    22 # TokenAccessInformation
    {

    }
    25 # TokenIntegrityLevel
    {
    $TokenIntegrity = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL
    switch(ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenIntegrity.Label.Sid)
    {
    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }
    }
    CloseHandle($hThread)
    }
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }

    function Get-FullProcess
    {
    $procs = Get-Process

    foreach($p in $procs)
    }
    else
    {
    if($p.Name -ne "Idle" -and $p.Name -ne "System")
    {
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor green "$($p.Name)"

    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $p.Id -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    {
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $p.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    $TOKEN_PERMS = $TOKEN_QUERY -bor $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor $TOKEN_READ

    $hToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_PERMS

    if($hToken -ne 0)
    {
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 25

    $props = @{
    ProcessId = $p.Id
    Name = $p.Name
    Path = $p.Path
    KernelPath = $KernelPath
    PathMismatch = $PathMismatch
    StartTime = $p.StartTime
    SecurityIdentifier = $SID
    Privileges = $Privs
    LogonId = $LogonSession.LogonId
    UserName = "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    LogonSessionStartTime = $LogonSession.StartTime
    LogonType = $LogonSession.LogonType
    AuthenticationPackage = $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    }

    New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property $props

    CloseHandle -Handle $hToken
    }
    CloseHandle -Handle $hProcess
    }
    }
    Write-Debug "GetTokenInformation Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    try
    {
    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::FreeHGlobal($TokenPtr)
    }
    catch
    {

    }
    }

    function Get-RootkitProcess
    function NtQueryInformationThread
    {
    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot
    Retrieves information about the specified thread.
    do
    {
    try
    {
    Write-Output ((Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID).Name)
    }
    catch
    {
    Write-Warning "This is bad!"
    }
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }
    .DESCRIPTION
    .PARAMETER ThreadHandle
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    function Stop-Thread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle
    )

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE
    TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    CloseHandle -Handle $hThread
    <#
    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle,
    [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass,
    [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation,
    [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength,
    [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength
    ))
    #>

    $buf = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal([IntPtr]::Size)

    $Success = $Ntdll::NtQueryInformationThread($ThreadHandle, 9, $buf, [IntPtr]::Size, [IntPtr]::Zero); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf))
    }

    #OpenProcessToken / OpenThreadToken
    #GetTokenInformation with the TokenOwner flag to get the SID of the owner.
    #LookupAccountSid
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread
    function OpenProcess
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    $LuidAttributes = psenum $Mod Thread.LuidAttributes UInt32 @{
    DISABLED = '0x00000000'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT = '0x00000001'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = '0x00000002'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_REMOVED = '0x00000004'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS = '0x80000000'
    } -Bitfield
    Opens an existing local process object.
    $MemProtection = psenum $Mod Thread.MemProtection UInt32 @{
    PAGE_EXECUTE = 0x10
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READ = 0x20
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40
    PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY = 0x80
    PAGE_NOACCESS = 0x01
    PAGE_READONLY = 0x02
    PAGE_READWRITE = 0x04
    PAGE_WRITECOPY = 0x08
    PAGE_TARGETS_INVALID = 0x40000000
    PAGE_TARGETS_NO_UPDATE = 0x40000000
    PAGE_GUARD = 0x100
    PAGE_NOCACHE = 0x200
    PAGE_WRITECOMBINE = 0x400
    } -Bitfield
    .DESCRIPTION
    $MemState = psenum $Mod Thread.MemState UInt32 @{
    MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000
    MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000
    MEM_FREE = 0x10000
    }
    To open a handle to another local process and obtain full access rights, you must enable the SeDebugPrivilege privilege.
    The handle returned by the OpenProcess function can be used in any function that requires a handle to a process, such as the wait functions, provided the appropriate access rights were requested.
    When you are finished with the handle, be sure to close it using the CloseHandle function.
    $MemType = psenum $Mod Thread.MemType UInt32 @{
    MEM_PRIVATE = 0x20000
    MEM_MAPPED = 0x40000
    MEM_IMAGE = 0x1000000
    }
    .PARAMETER ProcessId
    $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege = 1
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege = 2
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege = 3
    SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege = 4
    SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege = 5
    SeMachineAccountPrivilege = 6
    SeTcbPrivilege = 7
    SeSecurityPrivilege = 8
    SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege = 9
    SeLoadDriverPrivilege = 10
    SeSystemProfilePrivilege = 11
    SeSystemtimePrivilege = 12
    SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege = 13
    SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege = 14
    SeCreatePagefilePrivilege = 15
    SeCreatePermanentPrivilege = 16
    SeBackupPrivilege = 17
    SeRestorePrivilege = 18
    SeShutdownPrivilege = 19
    SeDebugPrivilege = 20
    SeAuditPrivilege = 21
    SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege = 22
    SeChangeNotifyPrivilege = 23
    SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege = 24
    SeUndockPrivilege = 25
    SeSyncAgentPrivilege = 26
    SeEnableDelegationPrivilege = 27
    SeManageVolumePrivilege = 28
    SeImpersonatePrivilege = 29
    SeCreateGlobalPrivilege = 30
    SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege = 31
    SeRelabelPrivilege = 32
    SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege = 33
    SeTimeZonePrivilege = 34
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege = 35
    }
    The identifier of the local process to be opened.
    If the specified process is the System Process (0x00000000), the function fails and the last error code is ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER. If the specified process is the Idle process or one of the CSRSS processes, this function fails and the last error code is ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED because their access restrictions prevent user-level code from opening them.
    $SidNameUser = psenum $Mod Thread.SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{
    SidTypeUser = 1
    SidTypeGroup = 2
    SidTypeDomain = 3
    SidTypeAlias = 4
    SidTypeWellKnownGroup = 5
    SidTypeDeletedAccount = 6
    SidTypeInvalid = 7
    SidTypeUnknown = 8
    SidTypeComputer = 9
    }
    .PARAMETER DesiredAccess
    $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Mod Thread.TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{
    TokenUser = 1
    TokenGroups = 2
    TokenPrivileges = 3
    TokenOwner = 4
    TokenPrimaryGroup = 5
    TokenDefaultDacl = 6
    TokenSource = 7
    TokenType = 8
    TokenImpersonationLevel = 9
    TokenStatistics = 10
    TokenRestrictedSids = 11
    TokenSessionId = 12
    TokenGroupsAndPrivileges = 13
    TokenSessionReference = 14
    TokenSandBoxInert = 15
    TokenAuditPolicy = 16
    TokenOrigin = 17
    TokenElevationType = 18
    TokenLinkedToken = 19
    TokenElevation = 20
    TokenHasRestrictions = 21
    TokenAccessInformation = 22
    TokenVirtualizationAllowed = 23
    TokenVirtualizationEnabled = 24
    TokenIntegrityLevel = 25
    TokenUIAccess = 26
    TokenMandatoryPolicy = 27
    TokenLogonSid = 28
    TokenIsAppContainer = 29
    TokenCapabilities = 30
    TokenAppContainerSid = 31
    TokenAppContainerNumber = 32
    TokenUserClaimAttributes = 33
    TokenDeviceClaimAttributes = 34
    TokenRestrictedUserClaimAttributes = 35
    TokenRestrictedDeviceClaimAttributes = 36
    TokenDeviceGroups = 37
    TokenRestrictedDeviceGroups = 38
    TokenSecurityAttributes = 39
    TokenIsRestricted = 40
    MaxTokenInfoClass = 41
    }
    The access to the process object. This access right is checked against the security descriptor for the process. This parameter can be one or more of the process access rights.
    If the caller has enabled the SeDebugPrivilege privilege, the requested access is granted regardless of the contents of the security descriptor.
    $LUID = struct $Mod Thread.Luid @{
    LowPart = field 0 $SecurityEntity
    HighPart = field 1 Int32
    }
    .PARAMETER InheritHandle
    $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.LuidAndAttributes @{
    Luid = field 0 $LUID
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }
    If this value is TRUE, processes created by this process will inherit the handle. Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle.
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 UIntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 UIntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr
    State = field 4 UInt32
    Protect = field 5 UInt32
    Type = field 6 UInt32
    }
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684320(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684880(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.SidAndAttributes @{
    Sid = field 0 IntPtr
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    if($hProcess -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hProcess
    }

    $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{
    dwSize = field 0 UInt32
    cntUsage = field 1 UInt32
    th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32
    th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32
    tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32
    tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32
    dwFlags = field 6 UInt32
    }
    function OpenProcessToken
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL = struct $Mod Thread.TokenMandatoryLabel @{
    Label = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES;
    }
    The OpenProcessToken function opens the access token associated with a process.
    $TOKEN_ORIGIN = struct $Mod Thread.TokenOrigin @{
    OriginatingLogonSession = field 0 UInt64
    }
    .PARAMETER ProcessHandle
    $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES = struct $Mod Thread.TokenPrivileges @{
    PrivilegeCount = field 0 UInt32
    Privileges = field 1 $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES.MakeArrayType() -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 50)
    }
    A handle to the process whose access token is opened. The process must have the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION access permission.
    $TOKEN_USER = struct $Mod Thread.TOKEN_USER @{
    User = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
    }
    .PARAMETER DesiredAccess
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError),
    Specifies an access mask that specifies the requested types of access to the access token. These requested access types are compared with the discretionary access control list (DACL) of the token to determine which accesses are granted or denied.
    For a list of access rights for access tokens, see Access Rights for Access-Token Objects.
    .NOTES
    (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid,
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError),
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError),
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379295(v=vs.85).aspx
    (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    ) -SetLastError),
    .LINK
    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([UInt32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle,
    [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass,
    [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation,
    [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength,
    [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength
    )),
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa374905(v=vs.85).aspx
    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError),
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError),
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenProcessToken($ProcessHandle, $DesiredAccess, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    }

    function OpenThread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Opens an existing thread object.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The handle returned by OpenThread can be used in any function that requires a handle to a thread, such as the wait functions, provided you requested the appropriate access rights. The handle is granted access to the thread object only to the extent it was specified in the dwDesiredAccess parameter.
    When you are finished with the handle, be sure to close it by using the CloseHandle function.
    .PARAMETER ThreadId
    The identifier of the thread to be opened.
    .PARAMETER DesiredAccess
    The access to the thread object. This access right is checked against the security descriptor for the thread. This parameter can be one or more of the thread access rights.
    If the caller has enabled the SeDebugPrivilege privilege, the requested access is granted regardless of the contents of the security descriptor.
    .PARAMETER InheritHandle
    If this value is TRUE, processes created by this process will inherit the handle. Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684335(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError),
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($hThread -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    }

    function OpenThreadToken
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    The OpenThreadToken function opens the access token associated with a thread
    .DESCRIPTION
    Tokens with the anonymous impersonation level cannot be opened.
    Close the access token handle returned through the Handle parameter by calling CloseHandle.
    .PARAMETER ThreadHandle
    A handle to the thread whose access token is opened.
    .PARAMETER DesiredAccess
    Specifies an access mask that specifies the requested types of access to the access token. These requested access types are reconciled against the token's discretionary access control list (DACL) to determine which accesses are granted or denied.
    .PARAMETER OpenAsSelf
    TRUE if the access check is to be made against the process-level security context.
    FALSE if the access check is to be made against the current security context of the thread calling the OpenThreadToken function.
    The OpenAsSelf parameter allows the caller of this function to open the access token of a specified thread when the caller is impersonating a token at SecurityIdentification level. Without this parameter, the calling thread cannot open the access token on the specified thread because it is impossible to open executive-level objects by using the SecurityIdentification impersonation level.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379296(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa374905(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $OpenAsSelf = $false
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError),
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($ThreadHandle, $DesiredAccess, $OpenAsSelf, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    }

    function QueryFullProcessImageName
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Retrieves the full name of the executable image for the specified process.
    .PARAMETER ProcessHandle
    A handle to the process. This handle must be created with the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION or PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION access right.
    .PARAMETER Flags
    This parameter can be one of the following values.
    0x00 - The name should use the Win32 path format.
    0x01 - The name should use the native system path format.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684919(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $Flags = 0
    )

    $capacity = 2048
    $sb = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder($capacity)

    $Success = $Kernel32::QueryFullProcessImageName($ProcessHandle, $Flags, $sb, [ref]$capacity); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $sb.ToString()
    }

    function ReadProcessMemory
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Reads data from an area of memory in a specified process. The entire area to be read must be accessible or the operation fails.
    .DESCRIPTION
    ReadProcessMemory copies the data in the specified address range from the address space of the specified process into the specified buffer of the current process. Any process that has a handle with PROCESS_VM_READ access can call the function.
    The entire area to be read must be accessible, and if it is not accessible, the function fails.
    .PARAMETER ProcessHandle
    A handle to the process with memory that is being read. The handle must have PROCESS_VM_READ access to the process.
    .PARAMETER BaseAddress
    The base address in the specified process from which to read. Before any data transfer occurs, the system verifies that all data in the base address and memory of the specified size is accessible for read access, and if it is not accessible the function fails.
    .PARAMETER Size
    The number of bytes to be read from the specified process.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680553(v=vs.85).aspx
    (func kernel32 QueryFullProcessImageName ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [System.Text.StringBuilder] #_Out_ LPTSTR lpExeName,
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ PDWORD lpdwSize
    ) -SetLastError),
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [Int]
    $Size
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError),
    ) -SetLastError) # MSDN states to call GetLastError if the return value is false.
    #>

    $buf = New-Object byte[]($Size)
    [Int32]$NumberOfBytesRead = 0

    $Success = $Kernel32::ReadProcessMemory($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, $buf, $buf.Length, [ref]$NumberOfBytesRead); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    }

    function TerminateThread
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Terminates a thread.
    .DESCRIPTION
    TerminateThread is used to cause a thread to exit. When this occurs, the target thread has no chance to execute any user-mode code. DLLs attached to the thread are not notified that the thread is terminating. The system frees the thread's initial stack.
    .PARAMETER ThreadHandle
    A handle to the thread to be terminated.
    The handle must have the THREAD_TERMINATE access right.
    .PARAMETER ExitCode
    The exit code for the thread.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686717(v=vs.85).aspx
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $ExitCode = 0
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError),
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Success = $Kernel32::TerminateThread($ThreadHandle, $ExitCode); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    function Thread32First
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Retrieves information about the first thread of any process encountered in a system snapshot.
    .PARAMETER SnapshotHandle
    A handle to the snapshot returned from a previous call to the CreateToolhelp32Snapshot function.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686728(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $SnapshotHandle
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError),
    $Thread = [Activator]::CreateInstance($THREADENTRY32)
    $Thread.dwSize = $THREADENTRY32::GetSize()

    $Success = $Kernel32::Thread32First($hSnapshot, [Ref]$Thread); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $Thread
    }

    function VirtualQueryEx
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Retrieves information about a range of pages within the virtual address space of a specified process.
    .PARAMETER ProcessHandle
    A handle to the process whose memory information is queried. The handle must have been opened with the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION access right, which enables using the handle to read information from the process object.
    .PARAMETER BaseAddress
    The base address of the region of pages to be queried. This value is rounded down to the next page boundary.
    .NOTES
    Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson)
    .LINK
    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa366907(v=vs.85).aspx
    .EXAMPLE
    #>

    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess,
    [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress,
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer,
    [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32']

    $DELETE = 0x00010000
    $READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    $SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    $WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    $WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000

    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS = 0x0080
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD = 0x0002
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE = 0x0040
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x1000
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0200
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA = 0x0100
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0800
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION = 0x0008
    $PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE = 0x0020
    $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD -bor
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA -bor
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_READ -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE
    #>

    $memory_basic_info = [Activator]::CreateInstance($MEMORYBASICINFORMATION)
    $Success = $Kernel32::VirtualQueryEx($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, [Ref]$memory_basic_info, $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION::GetSize()); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x0200
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x0008
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x0100
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0040
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0800
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x0010
    $THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0020
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x0080
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0002
    $THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION -bor
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN -bor
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $THREAD_TERMINATE
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Debug "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    #Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)"
    #Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
    }

    $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004
    $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100
    $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT


    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-0"
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-4096"
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8192"
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"
    #endregion Win32 API Abstractions
  14. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 19, 2017. 1 changed file with 7 additions and 4 deletions.
    11 changes: 7 additions & 4 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1306,6 +1306,12 @@ function Get-LogonSession

    function Get-InjectedThread
    {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (

    )

    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot
    @@ -1857,7 +1863,4 @@ $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"


    Get-InjectedThread
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"
  15. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 19, 2017. 1 changed file with 16 additions and 19 deletions.
    35 changes: 16 additions & 19 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ function CloseHandle

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "Close Handle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "Close Handle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    @@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ function ConvertSidToStringSid

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "ConvertSidToStringSid Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "ConvertSidToStringSid Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr))
    @@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot

    if(-not $hSnapshot)
    {
    Write-Warning "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hSnapshot
    @@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ function GetTokenInformation
    }
    else
    {
    Write-Warning "GetTokenInformation Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "GetTokenInformation Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    try
    {
    @@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ function NtQueryInformationThread

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf))
    @@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ function OpenProcess

    if($hProcess -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hProcess
    @@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ function OpenProcessToken

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    @@ -1039,10 +1039,7 @@ function OpenThread

    if($hThread -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Host "DesiredAccess: $($DesiredAccess)"
    Write-Host "InheritHandle: $($InheritHandle)"
    Write-Host "ThreadId: $($ThreadId)"
    Write-Debug "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    @@ -1079,7 +1076,7 @@ function OpenThreadToken

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    @@ -1106,7 +1103,7 @@ function QueryFullProcessImageName

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $sb.ToString()
    @@ -1146,7 +1143,7 @@ function ReadProcessMemory

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    @@ -1176,7 +1173,7 @@ function TerminateThread

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    @@ -1203,7 +1200,7 @@ function Thread32First

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Debug "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $Thread
    @@ -1236,9 +1233,9 @@ function VirtualQueryEx

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)"
    Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)"
    Write-Debug "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    #Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)"
    #Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
  16. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Apr 17, 2017. 1 changed file with 4 additions and 1 deletion.
    5 changes: 4 additions & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1860,4 +1860,7 @@ $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"


    Get-InjectedThread
  17. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 30, 2017. 1 changed file with 58 additions and 4 deletions.
    62 changes: 58 additions & 4 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ function NtQueryInformationThread
    {
    Write-Verbose "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf))
    }

    @@ -1315,10 +1315,10 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    do
    {
    $proc = Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId
    Write-warning "ProcessId: $($proc.Name)"
    #Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "ProcessName: $($proc.Name)"
    if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4)
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x41 -InheritHandle $false
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    @@ -1395,6 +1395,60 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }

    function Get-FullProcess
    {
    $procs = Get-Process

    foreach($p in $procs)
    {
    if($p.Name -ne "Idle" -and $p.Name -ne "System")
    {
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor green "$($p.Name)"

    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $p.Id -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    {
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $p.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    $TOKEN_PERMS = $TOKEN_QUERY -bor $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor $TOKEN_READ

    $hToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_PERMS

    if($hToken -ne 0)
    {
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hToken -TokenInformationClass 25

    $props = @{
    ProcessId = $p.Id
    Name = $p.Name
    Path = $p.Path
    KernelPath = $KernelPath
    PathMismatch = $PathMismatch
    StartTime = $p.StartTime
    SecurityIdentifier = $SID
    Privileges = $Privs
    LogonId = $LogonSession.LogonId
    UserName = "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    LogonSessionStartTime = $LogonSession.StartTime
    LogonType = $LogonSession.LogonType
    AuthenticationPackage = $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    }

    New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property $props

    CloseHandle -Handle $hToken
    }
    CloseHandle -Handle $hProcess
    }
    }
    }
    }

    function Get-RootkitProcess
    {
    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4
    @@ -1405,7 +1459,7 @@ function Get-RootkitProcess
    {
    try
    {
    Write-Output $Thread
    Write-Output ((Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID).Name)
    }
    catch
    {
  18. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 30, 2017. 1 changed file with 2 additions and 1 deletion.
    3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1312,9 +1312,10 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot

    do
    {
    $proc = Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId
    Write-warning "ProcessId: $($proc.Name)"
    if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4)
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x41 -InheritHandle $false
  19. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 30, 2017. 1 changed file with 88 additions and 67 deletions.
    155 changes: 88 additions & 67 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1315,79 +1315,100 @@ function Get-InjectedThread

    do
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x41 -InheritHandle $false

    if($hThread -ne 0)
    if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4)
    {
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x41 -InheritHandle $false
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }
    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    {
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    }
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }

    CloseHandle($hThread)
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }
    CloseHandle($hThread)
    }
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }

    function Get-RootkitProcess
    {
    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot

    do
    {
    try
    {
    Write-Output $Thread
    }
    catch
    {
    Write-Warning "This is bad!"
    }
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
  20. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 30, 2017. 1 changed file with 1 addition and 1 deletion.
    2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@ function Get-InjectedThread

    do
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x41 -InheritHandle $false

    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
  21. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 30, 2017. 1 changed file with 79 additions and 66 deletions.
    145 changes: 79 additions & 66 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -970,7 +970,7 @@ function OpenProcess

    $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hProcess)
    if($hProcess -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    @@ -1037,9 +1037,12 @@ function OpenThread

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hThread)
    if($hThread -eq 0)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Host "DesiredAccess: $($DesiredAccess)"
    Write-Host "InheritHandle: $($InheritHandle)"
    Write-Host "ThreadId: $($ThreadId)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    @@ -1234,6 +1237,8 @@ function VirtualQueryEx
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)"
    Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
    @@ -1311,71 +1316,79 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    do
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path -ne $TruePath

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false

    if($hProcess -ne 0)
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower()

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    }

    CloseHandle($hThread)
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    }

    CloseHandle($hThread)
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }
    @@ -1540,8 +1553,8 @@ $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.LuidAndAttributes @{
    }

    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 IntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 IntPtr
    BaseAddress = field 0 UIntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 UIntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr
    State = field 4 UInt32
    @@ -1604,7 +1617,7 @@ $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([UInt32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle,
    [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass,
    [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation,
  22. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 29, 2017. 1 changed file with 4 additions and 4 deletions.
    8 changes: 4 additions & 4 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1330,10 +1330,10 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
  23. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 29, 2017. 1 changed file with 14 additions and 14 deletions.
    28 changes: 14 additions & 14 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ function CloseHandle

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "Close Handle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    @@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ function ConvertSidToStringSid

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "ConvertSidToStringSid Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr))
    @@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot

    if(-not $hSnapshot)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hSnapshot
    @@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ function GetTokenInformation
    }
    else
    {
    Write-Warning ([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError)
    Write-Warning "GetTokenInformation Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    try
    {
    @@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ function NtQueryInformationThread

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Verbose "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf))
    @@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ function OpenProcess

    if(-not $hProcess)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hProcess
    @@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ function OpenProcessToken

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    @@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ function OpenThread

    if(-not $hThread)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    @@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ function OpenThreadToken
    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    @@ -1103,7 +1103,7 @@ function QueryFullProcessImageName

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $sb.ToString()
    @@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ function ReadProcessMemory

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    @@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ function TerminateThread

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    @@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@ function Thread32First

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $Thread
    @@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@ function VirtualQueryEx

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    Write-Warning "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
  24. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 29, 2017. 1 changed file with 1 addition and 1 deletion.
    2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1310,7 +1310,7 @@ function Get-InjectedThread

    do
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x40 -InheritHandle $false
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress
  25. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 29, 2017. 1 changed file with 38 additions and 20 deletions.
    58 changes: 38 additions & 20 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -912,24 +912,6 @@ function GetTokenInformation
    }
    }

    function LookupAccountSid
    {
    param
    (

    )

    <#(func advapi32 LookupAccountSid ([bool]) @(
    #_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpSystemName
    #_In_ PSID lpSid
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchName
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpReferencedDomainName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchReferencedDomainName
    #_Out_ PSID_NAME_USE peUse
    ) -SetLastError),#>
    }

    function NtQueryInformationThread
    {
    param
    @@ -1332,8 +1314,12 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress

    if($memory_basic_info.State -eq 0x1000 -and $memory_basic_info.Type -ne 0x1000000)
    $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection
    $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState
    $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType

    if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    @@ -1368,6 +1354,10 @@ function Get-InjectedThread
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    @@ -1417,6 +1407,34 @@ $LuidAttributes = psenum $Mod Thread.LuidAttributes UInt32 @{
    SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS = '0x80000000'
    } -Bitfield

    $MemProtection = psenum $Mod Thread.MemProtection UInt32 @{
    PAGE_EXECUTE = 0x10
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READ = 0x20
    PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40
    PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY = 0x80
    PAGE_NOACCESS = 0x01
    PAGE_READONLY = 0x02
    PAGE_READWRITE = 0x04
    PAGE_WRITECOPY = 0x08
    PAGE_TARGETS_INVALID = 0x40000000
    PAGE_TARGETS_NO_UPDATE = 0x40000000
    PAGE_GUARD = 0x100
    PAGE_NOCACHE = 0x200
    PAGE_WRITECOMBINE = 0x400
    } -Bitfield

    $MemState = psenum $Mod Thread.MemState UInt32 @{
    MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000
    MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000
    MEM_FREE = 0x10000
    }

    $MemType = psenum $Mod Thread.MemType UInt32 @{
    MEM_PRIVATE = 0x20000
    MEM_MAPPED = 0x40000
    MEM_IMAGE = 0x1000000
    }

    $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege = 1
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege = 2
  26. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 29, 2017. 1 changed file with 714 additions and 1 deletion.
    715 changes: 714 additions & 1 deletion Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1,4 +1,717 @@
    . C:\Users\Test\Desktop\PSReflect.ps1
    #Requires -Version 2

    function New-InMemoryModule
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory assembly and module
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    When defining custom enums, structs, and unmanaged functions, it is
    necessary to associate to an assembly module. This helper function
    creates an in-memory module that can be passed to the 'enum',
    'struct', and Add-Win32Type functions.
    .PARAMETER ModuleName
    Specifies the desired name for the in-memory assembly and module. If
    ModuleName is not provided, it will default to a GUID.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    #>

    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $ModuleName = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString()
    )

    $AppDomain = [Reflection.Assembly].Assembly.GetType('System.AppDomain').GetProperty('CurrentDomain').GetValue($null, @())
    $LoadedAssemblies = $AppDomain.GetAssemblies()

    foreach ($Assembly in $LoadedAssemblies) {
    if ($Assembly.FullName -and ($Assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] -eq $ModuleName)) {
    return $Assembly
    }
    }

    $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName($ModuleName)
    $Domain = $AppDomain
    $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, 'Run')
    $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule($ModuleName, $False)

    return $ModuleBuilder
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function
    # prototypes for Add-Win32Type.
    function func
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [string]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(Position = 3)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(Position = 4)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention,

    [Parameter(Position = 5)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset,

    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Switch]
    $SetLastError
    )

    $Properties = @{
    DllName = $DllName
    FunctionName = $FunctionName
    ReturnType = $ReturnType
    }

    if ($ParameterTypes) { $Properties['ParameterTypes'] = $ParameterTypes }
    if ($NativeCallingConvention) { $Properties['NativeCallingConvention'] = $NativeCallingConvention }
    if ($Charset) { $Properties['Charset'] = $Charset }
    if ($SetLastError) { $Properties['SetLastError'] = $SetLastError }
    if ($EntryPoint) { $Properties['EntryPoint'] = $EntryPoint }

    New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
    }


    function Add-Win32Type
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates a .NET type for an unmanaged Win32 function.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: func
    .DESCRIPTION
    Add-Win32Type enables you to easily interact with unmanaged (i.e.
    Win32 unmanaged) functions in PowerShell. After providing
    Add-Win32Type with a function signature, a .NET type is created
    using reflection (i.e. csc.exe is never called like with Add-Type).
    The 'func' helper function can be used to reduce typing when defining
    multiple function definitions.
    .PARAMETER DllName
    The name of the DLL.
    .PARAMETER FunctionName
    The name of the target function.
    .PARAMETER EntryPoint
    The DLL export function name. This argument should be specified if the
    specified function name is different than the name of the exported
    function.
    .PARAMETER ReturnType
    The return type of the function.
    .PARAMETER ParameterTypes
    The function parameters.
    .PARAMETER NativeCallingConvention
    Specifies the native calling convention of the function. Defaults to
    stdcall.
    .PARAMETER Charset
    If you need to explicitly call an 'A' or 'W' Win32 function, you can
    specify the character set.
    .PARAMETER SetLastError
    Indicates whether the callee calls the SetLastError Win32 API
    function before returning from the attributed method.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the functions. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER Namespace
    An optional namespace to prepend to the type. Add-Win32Type defaults
    to a namespace consisting only of the name of the DLL.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 GetProcAddress ([IntPtr]) @([IntPtr], [String]) -Charset Ansi -SetLastError),
    (func kernel32 GetModuleHandle ([Intptr]) @([String]) -SetLastError),
    (func ntdll RtlGetCurrentPeb ([IntPtr]) @())
    )
    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Ntdll::RtlGetCurrentPeb()
    $ntdllbase = $Kernel32::GetModuleHandle('ntdll')
    $Kernel32::GetProcAddress($ntdllbase, 'RtlGetCurrentPeb')
    .NOTES
    Inspired by Lee Holmes' Invoke-WindowsApi http://poshcode.org/2189
    When defining multiple function prototypes, it is ideal to provide
    Add-Win32Type with an array of function signatures. That way, they
    are all incorporated into the same in-memory module.
    #>

    [OutputType([Hashtable])]
    Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention = [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::StdCall,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset = [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Switch]
    $SetLastError,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [ValidateNotNull()]
    [String]
    $Namespace = ''
    )

    BEGIN
    {
    $TypeHash = @{}
    }

    PROCESS
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType("$Namespace.$DllName")
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType($DllName)
    }
    }
    else
    {
    # Define one type for each DLL
    if (!$TypeHash.ContainsKey($DllName))
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType("$Namespace.$DllName", 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType($DllName, 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    }

    $Method = $TypeHash[$DllName].DefineMethod(
    $FunctionName,
    'Public,Static,PinvokeImpl',
    $ReturnType,
    $ParameterTypes)

    # Make each ByRef parameter an Out parameter
    $i = 1
    foreach($Parameter in $ParameterTypes)
    {
    if ($Parameter.IsByRef)
    {
    [void] $Method.DefineParameter($i, 'Out', $null)
    }

    $i++
    }

    $DllImport = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute]
    $SetLastErrorField = $DllImport.GetField('SetLastError')
    $CallingConventionField = $DllImport.GetField('CallingConvention')
    $CharsetField = $DllImport.GetField('CharSet')
    $EntryPointField = $DllImport.GetField('EntryPoint')
    if ($SetLastError) { $SLEValue = $True } else { $SLEValue = $False }

    if ($PSBoundParameters['EntryPoint']) { $ExportedFuncName = $EntryPoint } else { $ExportedFuncName = $FunctionName }

    # Equivalent to C# version of [DllImport(DllName)]
    $Constructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor([String])
    $DllImportAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($Constructor,
    $DllName, [Reflection.PropertyInfo[]] @(), [Object[]] @(),
    [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @($SetLastErrorField,
    $CallingConventionField,
    $CharsetField,
    $EntryPointField),
    [Object[]] @($SLEValue,
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] $NativeCallingConvention),
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] $Charset),
    $ExportedFuncName))

    $Method.SetCustomAttribute($DllImportAttribute)
    }
    }

    END
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return $TypeHash
    }

    $ReturnTypes = @{}

    foreach ($Key in $TypeHash.Keys)
    {
    $Type = $TypeHash[$Key].CreateType()

    $ReturnTypes[$Key] = $Type
    }

    return $ReturnTypes
    }
    }


    function psenum
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory enumeration for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'psenum' function facilitates the creation of enums entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the enum. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the enum.
    .PARAMETER Type
    The type of each enum element.
    .PARAMETER EnumElements
    A hashtable of enum elements.
    .PARAMETER Bitfield
    Specifies that the enum should be treated as a bitfield.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageSubsystem = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM UInt16 @{
    UNKNOWN = 0
    NATIVE = 1 # Image doesn't require a subsystem.
    WINDOWS_GUI = 2 # Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem.
    WINDOWS_CUI = 3 # Image runs in the Windows character subsystem.
    OS2_CUI = 5 # Image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem.
    POSIX_CUI = 7 # Image runs in the Posix character subsystem.
    NATIVE_WINDOWS = 8 # Image is a native Win9x driver.
    WINDOWS_CE_GUI = 9 # Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.
    EFI_APPLICATION = 10
    EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER = 11
    EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER = 12
    EFI_ROM = 13
    XBOX = 14
    WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION = 16
    }
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Enum. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $EnumElements,

    [Switch]
    $Bitfield
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    $EnumType = $Type -as [Type]

    $EnumBuilder = $Module.DefineEnum($FullName, 'Public', $EnumType)

    if ($Bitfield)
    {
    $FlagsConstructor = [FlagsAttribute].GetConstructor(@())
    $FlagsCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($FlagsConstructor, @())
    $EnumBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($FlagsCustomAttribute)
    }

    foreach ($Key in $EnumElements.Keys)
    {
    # Apply the specified enum type to each element
    $null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral($Key, $EnumElements[$Key] -as $EnumType)
    }

    $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct
    # fields.
    function field
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [UInt16]
    $Position,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 2)]
    [UInt16]
    $Offset,

    [Object[]]
    $MarshalAs
    )

    @{
    Position = $Position
    Type = $Type -as [Type]
    Offset = $Offset
    MarshalAs = $MarshalAs
    }
    }


    function struct
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory struct for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: field
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'struct' function facilitates the creation of structs entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. Struct
    fields are specified using a hashtable where each field of the struct
    is comprosed of the order in which it should be defined, its .NET
    type, and optionally, its offset and special marshaling attributes.
    One of the features of 'struct' is that after your struct is defined,
    it will come with a built-in GetSize method as well as an explicit
    converter so that you can easily cast an IntPtr to the struct without
    relying upon calling SizeOf and/or PtrToStructure in the Marshal
    class.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the struct. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the struct.
    .PARAMETER StructFields
    A hashtable of fields. Use the 'field' helper function to ease
    defining each field.
    .PARAMETER PackingSize
    Specifies the memory alignment of fields.
    .PARAMETER ExplicitLayout
    Indicates that an explicit offset for each field will be specified.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageDosSignature = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE UInt16 @{
    DOS_SIGNATURE = 0x5A4D
    OS2_SIGNATURE = 0x454E
    OS2_SIGNATURE_LE = 0x454C
    VXD_SIGNATURE = 0x454C
    }
    $ImageDosHeader = struct $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_HEADER @{
    e_magic = field 0 $ImageDosSignature
    e_cblp = field 1 UInt16
    e_cp = field 2 UInt16
    e_crlc = field 3 UInt16
    e_cparhdr = field 4 UInt16
    e_minalloc = field 5 UInt16
    e_maxalloc = field 6 UInt16
    e_ss = field 7 UInt16
    e_sp = field 8 UInt16
    e_csum = field 9 UInt16
    e_ip = field 10 UInt16
    e_cs = field 11 UInt16
    e_lfarlc = field 12 UInt16
    e_ovno = field 13 UInt16
    e_res = field 14 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 4)
    e_oemid = field 15 UInt16
    e_oeminfo = field 16 UInt16
    e_res2 = field 17 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 10)
    e_lfanew = field 18 Int32
    }
    # Example of using an explicit layout in order to create a union.
    $TestUnion = struct $Mod TestUnion @{
    field1 = field 0 UInt32 0
    field2 = field 1 IntPtr 0
    } -ExplicitLayout
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Struct. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $StructFields,

    [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]
    $PackingSize = [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Unspecified,

    [Switch]
    $ExplicitLayout
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    [Reflection.TypeAttributes] $StructAttributes = 'AnsiClass,
    Class,
    Public,
    Sealed,
    BeforeFieldInit'

    if ($ExplicitLayout)
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::ExplicitLayout
    }
    else
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::SequentialLayout
    }

    $StructBuilder = $Module.DefineType($FullName, $StructAttributes, [ValueType], $PackingSize)
    $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]
    $SizeConst = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst'))

    $Fields = New-Object Hashtable[]($StructFields.Count)

    # Sort each field according to the orders specified
    # Unfortunately, PSv2 doesn't have the luxury of the
    # hashtable [Ordered] accelerator.
    foreach ($Field in $StructFields.Keys)
    {
    $Index = $StructFields[$Field]['Position']
    $Fields[$Index] = @{FieldName = $Field; Properties = $StructFields[$Field]}
    }

    foreach ($Field in $Fields)
    {
    $FieldName = $Field['FieldName']
    $FieldProp = $Field['Properties']

    $Offset = $FieldProp['Offset']
    $Type = $FieldProp['Type']
    $MarshalAs = $FieldProp['MarshalAs']

    $NewField = $StructBuilder.DefineField($FieldName, $Type, 'Public')

    if ($MarshalAs)
    {
    $UnmanagedType = $MarshalAs[0] -as ([Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType])
    if ($MarshalAs[1])
    {
    $Size = $MarshalAs[1]
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo,
    $UnmanagedType, $SizeConst, @($Size))
    }
    else
    {
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, [Object[]] @($UnmanagedType))
    }

    $NewField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder)
    }

    if ($ExplicitLayout) { $NewField.SetOffset($Offset) }
    }

    # Make the struct aware of its own size.
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf!
    $SizeMethod = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('GetSize',
    'Public, Static',
    [Int],
    [Type[]] @())
    $ILGenerator = $SizeMethod.GetILGenerator()
    # Thanks for the help, Jason Shirk!
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('SizeOf', [Type[]] @([Type])))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    # Allow for explicit casting from an IntPtr
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure!
    $ImplicitConverter = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('op_Implicit',
    'PrivateScope, Public, Static, HideBySig, SpecialName',
    $StructBuilder,
    [Type[]] @([IntPtr]))
    $ILGenerator2 = $ImplicitConverter.GetILGenerator()
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Nop)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldarg_0)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('PtrToStructure', [Type[]] @([IntPtr], [Type])))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Unbox_Any, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    $StructBuilder.CreateType()
    }

    function CloseHandle
    {
  27. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson revised this gist Mar 29, 2017. 2 changed files with 1043 additions and 881 deletions.
    1,043 changes: 1,043 additions & 0 deletions Get-InjectedThread.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,1043 @@
    . C:\Users\Test\Desktop\PSReflect.ps1

    function CloseHandle
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $Handle
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Success = $Kernel32::CloseHandle($Handle); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    function ConvertSidToStringSid
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $SidPointer
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid,
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $StringPtr = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::ConvertSidToStringSid($SidPointer, [ref]$StringPtr); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr))
    }

    function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $Flags
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hSnapshot = $Kernel32::CreateToolhelp32Snapshot($Flags, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hSnapshot)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hSnapshot
    }

    function GetTokenInformation
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $TokenHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    $TokenInformationClass
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    # initial query to determine the necessary buffer size
    $TokenPtrSize = 0
    $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, 0, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize)
    [IntPtr]$TokenPtr = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal($TokenPtrSize)

    # retrieve the proper buffer value
    $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, $TokenPtr, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if($Success)
    {
    switch($TokenInformationClass)
    {
    1 # TokenUser
    {
    $TokenUser = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_USER
    ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenUser.User.Sid
    }
    3 # TokenPrivilege
    {
    # query the process token with the TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS = 3 enum to retrieve a TOKEN_PRIVILEGES structure
    $TokenPrivileges = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES

    $sb = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder

    for($i=0; $i -lt $TokenPrivileges.PrivilegeCount; $i++)
    {
    if((($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Attributes -as $LuidAttributes) -band $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED) -eq $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED)
    {
    $sb.Append(", $($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Luid.LowPart.ToString())") | Out-Null
    }
    }
    Write-Output $sb.ToString().TrimStart(', ')
    }
    17 # TokenOrigin
    {
    $TokenOrigin = $TokenPtr -as $LUID
    Write-Output (Get-LogonSession -LogonId $TokenOrigin.LowPart)
    }
    22 # TokenAccessInformation
    {

    }
    25 # TokenIntegrityLevel
    {
    $TokenIntegrity = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL
    switch(ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenIntegrity.Label.Sid)
    {
    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL
    {
    Write-Output "SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL"
    }
    }
    }
    }
    }
    else
    {
    Write-Warning ([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError)
    }
    try
    {
    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::FreeHGlobal($TokenPtr)
    }
    catch
    {

    }
    }

    function LookupAccountSid
    {
    param
    (

    )

    <#(func advapi32 LookupAccountSid ([bool]) @(
    #_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpSystemName
    #_In_ PSID lpSid
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchName
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpReferencedDomainName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchReferencedDomainName
    #_Out_ PSID_NAME_USE peUse
    ) -SetLastError),#>
    }

    function NtQueryInformationThread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle
    )

    <#
    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle,
    [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass,
    [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation,
    [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength,
    [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength
    ))
    #>

    $buf = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal([IntPtr]::Size)

    $Success = $Ntdll::NtQueryInformationThread($ThreadHandle, 9, $buf, [IntPtr]::Size, [IntPtr]::Zero); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf))
    }

    function OpenProcess
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ProcessId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hProcess)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hProcess
    }

    function OpenProcessToken
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenProcessToken($ProcessHandle, $DesiredAccess, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    }

    function OpenThread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $InheritHandle = $false
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $hThread)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hThread
    }

    function OpenThreadToken
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $DesiredAccess,

    [Parameter()]
    [bool]
    $OpenAsSelf = $false
    )

    <#
    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero
    $Success = $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($ThreadHandle, $DesiredAccess, $OpenAsSelf, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Warning "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    throw "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $hToken
    }

    function QueryFullProcessImageName
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $Flags = 0
    )

    $capacity = 2048
    $sb = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder($capacity)

    $Success = $Kernel32::QueryFullProcessImageName($ProcessHandle, $Flags, $sb, [ref]$capacity); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $sb.ToString()
    }

    function ReadProcessMemory
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [Int]
    $Size
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError) # MSDN states to call GetLastError if the return value is false.
    #>

    $buf = New-Object byte[]($Size)
    [Int32]$NumberOfBytesRead = 0

    $Success = $Kernel32::ReadProcessMemory($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, $buf, $buf.Length, [ref]$NumberOfBytesRead); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $buf
    }

    function TerminateThread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ThreadHandle,

    [Parameter()]
    [UInt32]
    $ExitCode = 0
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Success = $Kernel32::TerminateThread($ThreadHandle, $ExitCode); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }
    }

    function Thread32First
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $SnapshotHandle
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $Thread = [Activator]::CreateInstance($THREADENTRY32)
    $Thread.dwSize = $THREADENTRY32::GetSize()

    $Success = $Kernel32::Thread32First($hSnapshot, [Ref]$Thread); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $Thread
    }

    function VirtualQueryEx
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $ProcessHandle,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [IntPtr]
    $BaseAddress
    )

    <#
    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess,
    [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress,
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer,
    [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    #>

    $memory_basic_info = [Activator]::CreateInstance($MEMORYBASICINFORMATION)
    $Success = $Kernel32::VirtualQueryEx($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, [Ref]$memory_basic_info, $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION::GetSize()); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error()

    if(-not $Success)
    {
    Write-Verbose "Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)"
    }

    Write-Output $memory_basic_info
    }

    <#
    Author: Lee Christensen (@tifkin_)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    #>

    function Get-LogonSession
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $LogonId
    )

    $LogonMap = @{}
    Get-WmiObject Win32_LoggedOnUser | %{

    $Identity = $_.Antecedent | Select-String 'Domain="(.*)",Name="(.*)"'
    $LogonSession = $_.Dependent | Select-String 'LogonId="(\d+)"'

    $LogonMap[$LogonSession.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value] = New-Object PSObject -Property @{
    Domain = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value
    UserName = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[2].Value
    }
    }

    Get-WmiObject Win32_LogonSession -Filter "LogonId = `"$($LogonId)`"" | %{
    $LogonType = $Null
    switch($_.LogonType) {
    $null {$LogonType = 'None'}
    0 { $LogonType = 'System' }
    2 { $LogonType = 'Interactive' }
    3 { $LogonType = 'Network' }
    4 { $LogonType = 'Batch' }
    5 { $LogonType = 'Service' }
    6 { $LogonType = 'Proxy' }
    7 { $LogonType = 'Unlock' }
    8 { $LogonType = 'NetworkCleartext' }
    9 { $LogonType = 'NewCredentials' }
    10 { $LogonType = 'RemoteInteractive' }
    11 { $LogonType = 'CachedInteractive' }
    12 { $LogonType = 'CachedRemoteInteractive' }
    13 { $LogonType = 'CachedUnlock' }
    default { $LogonType = $_.LogonType}
    }

    New-Object PSObject -Property @{
    UserName = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].UserName
    Domain = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].Domain
    LogonId = $_.LogonId
    LogonType = $LogonType
    AuthenticationPackage = $_.AuthenticationPackage
    Caption = $_.Caption
    Description = $_.Description
    InstallDate = $_.InstallDate
    Name = $_.Name
    StartTime = $_.ConvertToDateTime($_.StartTime)
    }
    }
    }

    function Get-InjectedThread
    {
    $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4

    $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot

    do
    {
    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess 0x40 -InheritHandle $false
    $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false
    $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress

    if($memory_basic_info.State -eq 0x1000 -and $memory_basic_info.Type -ne 0x1000000)
    {
    $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100
    $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'"
    $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess
    $PathMismatch = $proc.Path -ne $TruePath

    # check if thread has unique token
    try
    {
    $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true
    }
    catch
    {
    $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS
    $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1
    $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3
    $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17
    $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25
    $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false
    }

    $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)"
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize
    $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf
    Write-Output $ThreadDetail
    }

    CloseHandle($hThread)
    CloseHandle($hProcess)
    } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread))
    CloseHandle($hSnapshot)
    }

    function Stop-Thread
    {
    param
    (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [UInt32]
    $ThreadId
    )

    $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE
    TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread
    CloseHandle -Handle $hThread
    }

    #OpenProcessToken / OpenThreadToken
    #GetTokenInformation with the TokenOwner flag to get the SID of the owner.
    #LookupAccountSid
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread

    $LuidAttributes = psenum $Mod Thread.LuidAttributes UInt32 @{
    DISABLED = '0x00000000'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT = '0x00000001'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = '0x00000002'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_REMOVED = '0x00000004'
    SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS = '0x80000000'
    } -Bitfield

    $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege = 1
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege = 2
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege = 3
    SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege = 4
    SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege = 5
    SeMachineAccountPrivilege = 6
    SeTcbPrivilege = 7
    SeSecurityPrivilege = 8
    SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege = 9
    SeLoadDriverPrivilege = 10
    SeSystemProfilePrivilege = 11
    SeSystemtimePrivilege = 12
    SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege = 13
    SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege = 14
    SeCreatePagefilePrivilege = 15
    SeCreatePermanentPrivilege = 16
    SeBackupPrivilege = 17
    SeRestorePrivilege = 18
    SeShutdownPrivilege = 19
    SeDebugPrivilege = 20
    SeAuditPrivilege = 21
    SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege = 22
    SeChangeNotifyPrivilege = 23
    SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege = 24
    SeUndockPrivilege = 25
    SeSyncAgentPrivilege = 26
    SeEnableDelegationPrivilege = 27
    SeManageVolumePrivilege = 28
    SeImpersonatePrivilege = 29
    SeCreateGlobalPrivilege = 30
    SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege = 31
    SeRelabelPrivilege = 32
    SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege = 33
    SeTimeZonePrivilege = 34
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege = 35
    }

    $SidNameUser = psenum $Mod Thread.SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{
    SidTypeUser = 1
    SidTypeGroup = 2
    SidTypeDomain = 3
    SidTypeAlias = 4
    SidTypeWellKnownGroup = 5
    SidTypeDeletedAccount = 6
    SidTypeInvalid = 7
    SidTypeUnknown = 8
    SidTypeComputer = 9
    }

    $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Mod Thread.TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{
    TokenUser = 1
    TokenGroups = 2
    TokenPrivileges = 3
    TokenOwner = 4
    TokenPrimaryGroup = 5
    TokenDefaultDacl = 6
    TokenSource = 7
    TokenType = 8
    TokenImpersonationLevel = 9
    TokenStatistics = 10
    TokenRestrictedSids = 11
    TokenSessionId = 12
    TokenGroupsAndPrivileges = 13
    TokenSessionReference = 14
    TokenSandBoxInert = 15
    TokenAuditPolicy = 16
    TokenOrigin = 17
    TokenElevationType = 18
    TokenLinkedToken = 19
    TokenElevation = 20
    TokenHasRestrictions = 21
    TokenAccessInformation = 22
    TokenVirtualizationAllowed = 23
    TokenVirtualizationEnabled = 24
    TokenIntegrityLevel = 25
    TokenUIAccess = 26
    TokenMandatoryPolicy = 27
    TokenLogonSid = 28
    TokenIsAppContainer = 29
    TokenCapabilities = 30
    TokenAppContainerSid = 31
    TokenAppContainerNumber = 32
    TokenUserClaimAttributes = 33
    TokenDeviceClaimAttributes = 34
    TokenRestrictedUserClaimAttributes = 35
    TokenRestrictedDeviceClaimAttributes = 36
    TokenDeviceGroups = 37
    TokenRestrictedDeviceGroups = 38
    TokenSecurityAttributes = 39
    TokenIsRestricted = 40
    MaxTokenInfoClass = 41
    }

    $LUID = struct $Mod Thread.Luid @{
    LowPart = field 0 $SecurityEntity
    HighPart = field 1 Int32
    }

    $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.LuidAndAttributes @{
    Luid = field 0 $LUID
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }

    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 IntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 IntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr
    State = field 4 UInt32
    Protect = field 5 UInt32
    Type = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.SidAndAttributes @{
    Sid = field 0 IntPtr
    Attributes = field 1 UInt32
    }

    $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{
    dwSize = field 0 UInt32
    cntUsage = field 1 UInt32
    th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32
    th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32
    tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32
    tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32
    dwFlags = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL = struct $Mod Thread.TokenMandatoryLabel @{
    Label = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES;
    }

    $TOKEN_ORIGIN = struct $Mod Thread.TokenOrigin @{
    OriginatingLogonSession = field 0 UInt64
    }

    $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES = struct $Mod Thread.TokenPrivileges @{
    PrivilegeCount = field 0 UInt32
    Privileges = field 1 $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES.MakeArrayType() -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 50)
    }

    $TOKEN_USER = struct $Mod Thread.TOKEN_USER @{
    User = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
    }

    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid,
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle,
    [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass,
    [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation,
    [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength,
    [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength
    )),

    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle,
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 QueryFullProcessImageName ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwFlags,
    [System.Text.StringBuilder] #_Out_ LPTSTR lpExeName,
    [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ PDWORD lpdwSize
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError)

    (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot,
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess,
    [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress,
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer,
    [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength
    ) -SetLastError)
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32']

    $DELETE = 0x00010000
    $READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
    $SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
    $WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000
    $WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000

    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS = 0x0080
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD = 0x0002
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE = 0x0040
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x1000
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0200
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA = 0x0100
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0800
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION = 0x0008
    $PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE = 0x0020
    $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS -bor
    $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD -bor
    $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION -bor
    $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA -bor
    $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $PROCESS_TERMINATE -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_READ -bor
    $PROCESS_VM_WRITE

    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x0200
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x0008
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x0100
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0040
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0800
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x0010
    $THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0020
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0400
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x0080
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0002
    $THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x0001
    $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor
    $READ_CONTROL -bor
    $SYNCHRONIZE -bor
    $WRITE_DAC -bor
    $WRITE_OWNER -bor
    $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION -bor
    $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT -bor
    $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor
    $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN -bor
    $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor
    $THREAD_TERMINATE

    $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004
    $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100
    $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT


    $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-0"
    $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-4096"
    $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8192"
    $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448"
    $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288"
    $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384"
    $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480"
    $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672"
    881 changes: 0 additions & 881 deletions Token.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1,881 +0,0 @@
    #Requires -Version 2

    function New-InMemoryModule
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory assembly and module
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    When defining custom enums, structs, and unmanaged functions, it is
    necessary to associate to an assembly module. This helper function
    creates an in-memory module that can be passed to the 'enum',
    'struct', and Add-Win32Type functions.
    .PARAMETER ModuleName
    Specifies the desired name for the in-memory assembly and module. If
    ModuleName is not provided, it will default to a GUID.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    #>

    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $ModuleName = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString()
    )

    $AppDomain = [Reflection.Assembly].Assembly.GetType('System.AppDomain').GetProperty('CurrentDomain').GetValue($null, @())
    $LoadedAssemblies = $AppDomain.GetAssemblies()

    foreach ($Assembly in $LoadedAssemblies) {
    if ($Assembly.FullName -and ($Assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] -eq $ModuleName)) {
    return $Assembly
    }
    }

    $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName($ModuleName)
    $Domain = $AppDomain
    $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, 'Run')
    $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule($ModuleName, $False)

    return $ModuleBuilder
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function
    # prototypes for Add-Win32Type.
    function func
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [string]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(Position = 3)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(Position = 4)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention,

    [Parameter(Position = 5)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset,

    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Switch]
    $SetLastError
    )

    $Properties = @{
    DllName = $DllName
    FunctionName = $FunctionName
    ReturnType = $ReturnType
    }

    if ($ParameterTypes) { $Properties['ParameterTypes'] = $ParameterTypes }
    if ($NativeCallingConvention) { $Properties['NativeCallingConvention'] = $NativeCallingConvention }
    if ($Charset) { $Properties['Charset'] = $Charset }
    if ($SetLastError) { $Properties['SetLastError'] = $SetLastError }
    if ($EntryPoint) { $Properties['EntryPoint'] = $EntryPoint }

    New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
    }


    function Add-Win32Type
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates a .NET type for an unmanaged Win32 function.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: func
    .DESCRIPTION
    Add-Win32Type enables you to easily interact with unmanaged (i.e.
    Win32 unmanaged) functions in PowerShell. After providing
    Add-Win32Type with a function signature, a .NET type is created
    using reflection (i.e. csc.exe is never called like with Add-Type).
    The 'func' helper function can be used to reduce typing when defining
    multiple function definitions.
    .PARAMETER DllName
    The name of the DLL.
    .PARAMETER FunctionName
    The name of the target function.
    .PARAMETER EntryPoint
    The DLL export function name. This argument should be specified if the
    specified function name is different than the name of the exported
    function.
    .PARAMETER ReturnType
    The return type of the function.
    .PARAMETER ParameterTypes
    The function parameters.
    .PARAMETER NativeCallingConvention
    Specifies the native calling convention of the function. Defaults to
    stdcall.
    .PARAMETER Charset
    If you need to explicitly call an 'A' or 'W' Win32 function, you can
    specify the character set.
    .PARAMETER SetLastError
    Indicates whether the callee calls the SetLastError Win32 API
    function before returning from the attributed method.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the functions. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER Namespace
    An optional namespace to prepend to the type. Add-Win32Type defaults
    to a namespace consisting only of the name of the DLL.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 GetProcAddress ([IntPtr]) @([IntPtr], [String]) -Charset Ansi -SetLastError),
    (func kernel32 GetModuleHandle ([Intptr]) @([String]) -SetLastError),
    (func ntdll RtlGetCurrentPeb ([IntPtr]) @())
    )
    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Ntdll::RtlGetCurrentPeb()
    $ntdllbase = $Kernel32::GetModuleHandle('ntdll')
    $Kernel32::GetProcAddress($ntdllbase, 'RtlGetCurrentPeb')
    .NOTES
    Inspired by Lee Holmes' Invoke-WindowsApi http://poshcode.org/2189
    When defining multiple function prototypes, it is ideal to provide
    Add-Win32Type with an array of function signatures. That way, they
    are all incorporated into the same in-memory module.
    #>

    [OutputType([Hashtable])]
    Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention = [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::StdCall,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset = [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Switch]
    $SetLastError,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [ValidateNotNull()]
    [String]
    $Namespace = ''
    )

    BEGIN
    {
    $TypeHash = @{}
    }

    PROCESS
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType("$Namespace.$DllName")
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType($DllName)
    }
    }
    else
    {
    # Define one type for each DLL
    if (!$TypeHash.ContainsKey($DllName))
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType("$Namespace.$DllName", 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType($DllName, 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    }

    $Method = $TypeHash[$DllName].DefineMethod(
    $FunctionName,
    'Public,Static,PinvokeImpl',
    $ReturnType,
    $ParameterTypes)

    # Make each ByRef parameter an Out parameter
    $i = 1
    foreach($Parameter in $ParameterTypes)
    {
    if ($Parameter.IsByRef)
    {
    [void] $Method.DefineParameter($i, 'Out', $null)
    }

    $i++
    }

    $DllImport = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute]
    $SetLastErrorField = $DllImport.GetField('SetLastError')
    $CallingConventionField = $DllImport.GetField('CallingConvention')
    $CharsetField = $DllImport.GetField('CharSet')
    $EntryPointField = $DllImport.GetField('EntryPoint')
    if ($SetLastError) { $SLEValue = $True } else { $SLEValue = $False }

    if ($PSBoundParameters['EntryPoint']) { $ExportedFuncName = $EntryPoint } else { $ExportedFuncName = $FunctionName }

    # Equivalent to C# version of [DllImport(DllName)]
    $Constructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor([String])
    $DllImportAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($Constructor,
    $DllName, [Reflection.PropertyInfo[]] @(), [Object[]] @(),
    [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @($SetLastErrorField,
    $CallingConventionField,
    $CharsetField,
    $EntryPointField),
    [Object[]] @($SLEValue,
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] $NativeCallingConvention),
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] $Charset),
    $ExportedFuncName))

    $Method.SetCustomAttribute($DllImportAttribute)
    }
    }

    END
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return $TypeHash
    }

    $ReturnTypes = @{}

    foreach ($Key in $TypeHash.Keys)
    {
    $Type = $TypeHash[$Key].CreateType()

    $ReturnTypes[$Key] = $Type
    }

    return $ReturnTypes
    }
    }


    function psenum
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory enumeration for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'psenum' function facilitates the creation of enums entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the enum. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the enum.
    .PARAMETER Type
    The type of each enum element.
    .PARAMETER EnumElements
    A hashtable of enum elements.
    .PARAMETER Bitfield
    Specifies that the enum should be treated as a bitfield.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageSubsystem = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM UInt16 @{
    UNKNOWN = 0
    NATIVE = 1 # Image doesn't require a subsystem.
    WINDOWS_GUI = 2 # Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem.
    WINDOWS_CUI = 3 # Image runs in the Windows character subsystem.
    OS2_CUI = 5 # Image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem.
    POSIX_CUI = 7 # Image runs in the Posix character subsystem.
    NATIVE_WINDOWS = 8 # Image is a native Win9x driver.
    WINDOWS_CE_GUI = 9 # Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.
    EFI_APPLICATION = 10
    EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER = 11
    EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER = 12
    EFI_ROM = 13
    XBOX = 14
    WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION = 16
    }
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Enum. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $EnumElements,

    [Switch]
    $Bitfield
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    $EnumType = $Type -as [Type]

    $EnumBuilder = $Module.DefineEnum($FullName, 'Public', $EnumType)

    if ($Bitfield)
    {
    $FlagsConstructor = [FlagsAttribute].GetConstructor(@())
    $FlagsCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($FlagsConstructor, @())
    $EnumBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($FlagsCustomAttribute)
    }

    foreach ($Key in $EnumElements.Keys)
    {
    # Apply the specified enum type to each element
    $null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral($Key, $EnumElements[$Key] -as $EnumType)
    }

    $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct
    # fields.
    function field
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [UInt16]
    $Position,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 2)]
    [UInt16]
    $Offset,

    [Object[]]
    $MarshalAs
    )

    @{
    Position = $Position
    Type = $Type -as [Type]
    Offset = $Offset
    MarshalAs = $MarshalAs
    }
    }


    function struct
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory struct for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: field
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'struct' function facilitates the creation of structs entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. Struct
    fields are specified using a hashtable where each field of the struct
    is comprosed of the order in which it should be defined, its .NET
    type, and optionally, its offset and special marshaling attributes.
    One of the features of 'struct' is that after your struct is defined,
    it will come with a built-in GetSize method as well as an explicit
    converter so that you can easily cast an IntPtr to the struct without
    relying upon calling SizeOf and/or PtrToStructure in the Marshal
    class.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the struct. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the struct.
    .PARAMETER StructFields
    A hashtable of fields. Use the 'field' helper function to ease
    defining each field.
    .PARAMETER PackingSize
    Specifies the memory alignment of fields.
    .PARAMETER ExplicitLayout
    Indicates that an explicit offset for each field will be specified.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageDosSignature = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE UInt16 @{
    DOS_SIGNATURE = 0x5A4D
    OS2_SIGNATURE = 0x454E
    OS2_SIGNATURE_LE = 0x454C
    VXD_SIGNATURE = 0x454C
    }
    $ImageDosHeader = struct $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_HEADER @{
    e_magic = field 0 $ImageDosSignature
    e_cblp = field 1 UInt16
    e_cp = field 2 UInt16
    e_crlc = field 3 UInt16
    e_cparhdr = field 4 UInt16
    e_minalloc = field 5 UInt16
    e_maxalloc = field 6 UInt16
    e_ss = field 7 UInt16
    e_sp = field 8 UInt16
    e_csum = field 9 UInt16
    e_ip = field 10 UInt16
    e_cs = field 11 UInt16
    e_lfarlc = field 12 UInt16
    e_ovno = field 13 UInt16
    e_res = field 14 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 4)
    e_oemid = field 15 UInt16
    e_oeminfo = field 16 UInt16
    e_res2 = field 17 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 10)
    e_lfanew = field 18 Int32
    }
    # Example of using an explicit layout in order to create a union.
    $TestUnion = struct $Mod TestUnion @{
    field1 = field 0 UInt32 0
    field2 = field 1 IntPtr 0
    } -ExplicitLayout
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Struct. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $StructFields,

    [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]
    $PackingSize = [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Unspecified,

    [Switch]
    $ExplicitLayout
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    [Reflection.TypeAttributes] $StructAttributes = 'AnsiClass,
    Class,
    Public,
    Sealed,
    BeforeFieldInit'

    if ($ExplicitLayout)
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::ExplicitLayout
    }
    else
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::SequentialLayout
    }

    $StructBuilder = $Module.DefineType($FullName, $StructAttributes, [ValueType], $PackingSize)
    $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]
    $SizeConst = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst'))

    $Fields = New-Object Hashtable[]($StructFields.Count)

    # Sort each field according to the orders specified
    # Unfortunately, PSv2 doesn't have the luxury of the
    # hashtable [Ordered] accelerator.
    foreach ($Field in $StructFields.Keys)
    {
    $Index = $StructFields[$Field]['Position']
    $Fields[$Index] = @{FieldName = $Field; Properties = $StructFields[$Field]}
    }

    foreach ($Field in $Fields)
    {
    $FieldName = $Field['FieldName']
    $FieldProp = $Field['Properties']

    $Offset = $FieldProp['Offset']
    $Type = $FieldProp['Type']
    $MarshalAs = $FieldProp['MarshalAs']

    $NewField = $StructBuilder.DefineField($FieldName, $Type, 'Public')

    if ($MarshalAs)
    {
    $UnmanagedType = $MarshalAs[0] -as ([Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType])
    if ($MarshalAs[1])
    {
    $Size = $MarshalAs[1]
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo,
    $UnmanagedType, $SizeConst, @($Size))
    }
    else
    {
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, [Object[]] @($UnmanagedType))
    }

    $NewField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder)
    }

    if ($ExplicitLayout) { $NewField.SetOffset($Offset) }
    }

    # Make the struct aware of its own size.
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf!
    $SizeMethod = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('GetSize',
    'Public, Static',
    [Int],
    [Type[]] @())
    $ILGenerator = $SizeMethod.GetILGenerator()
    # Thanks for the help, Jason Shirk!
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('SizeOf', [Type[]] @([Type])))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    # Allow for explicit casting from an IntPtr
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure!
    $ImplicitConverter = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('op_Implicit',
    'PrivateScope, Public, Static, HideBySig, SpecialName',
    $StructBuilder,
    [Type[]] @([IntPtr]))
    $ILGenerator2 = $ImplicitConverter.GetILGenerator()
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Nop)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldarg_0)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('PtrToStructure', [Type[]] @([IntPtr], [Type])))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Unbox_Any, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    $StructBuilder.CreateType()
    }


    #OpenProcessToken / OpenThreadToken
    #GetTokenInformation with the TokenOwner flag to get the SID of the owner.
    #LookupAccountSid
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread

    $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{
    dwSize = field 0 UInt32
    cntUsage = field 1 UInt32
    th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32
    th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32
    tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32
    tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32
    dwFlags = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 IntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 IntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr
    State = field 4 UInt32
    Protect = field 5 UInt32
    Type = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr]
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32],
    [UInt32]
    ) -SetLastError),

    <#(func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    )),
    (func advapi32 LookupAccountSid ([bool]) @(
    #_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpSystemName
    #_In_ PSID lpSid
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchName
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpReferencedDomainName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchReferencedDomainName
    #_Out_ PSID_NAME_USE peUse
    ),#>

    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    [Int32],
    [IntPtr],
    [Int32],
    [IntPtr]
    )),

    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32],
    [bool],
    [UInt32]
    )),

    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr] #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    )),

    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32],
    [bool],
    [UInt32]
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    )),

    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError), # MSDN states to call GetLastError if the return value is false.

    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    )),

    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType()
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType()
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    [IntPtr],
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(),
    [UInt32]
    ))
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32']

    $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004
    $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100
    $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread(0x40, $false, 464)

    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero

    if(-not $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($hThread, $TOKEN_QUERY, $true, [ref]$hToken))
    {
    $hToken
    }
    else
    {
    $hToken
    if(-not $Kernel32::CloseHandle($hToken))
    {

    }
    }

    if(-not $Kernel32::CloseHandle($hThread))
    {

    }
    }
  28. @jaredcatkinson jaredcatkinson created this gist Mar 28, 2017.
    881 changes: 881 additions & 0 deletions Token.ps1
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,881 @@
    #Requires -Version 2

    function New-InMemoryModule
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory assembly and module
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    When defining custom enums, structs, and unmanaged functions, it is
    necessary to associate to an assembly module. This helper function
    creates an in-memory module that can be passed to the 'enum',
    'struct', and Add-Win32Type functions.
    .PARAMETER ModuleName
    Specifies the desired name for the in-memory assembly and module. If
    ModuleName is not provided, it will default to a GUID.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    #>

    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $ModuleName = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString()
    )

    $AppDomain = [Reflection.Assembly].Assembly.GetType('System.AppDomain').GetProperty('CurrentDomain').GetValue($null, @())
    $LoadedAssemblies = $AppDomain.GetAssemblies()

    foreach ($Assembly in $LoadedAssemblies) {
    if ($Assembly.FullName -and ($Assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] -eq $ModuleName)) {
    return $Assembly
    }
    }

    $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName($ModuleName)
    $Domain = $AppDomain
    $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, 'Run')
    $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule($ModuleName, $False)

    return $ModuleBuilder
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function
    # prototypes for Add-Win32Type.
    function func
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [string]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(Position = 3)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(Position = 4)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention,

    [Parameter(Position = 5)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset,

    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Switch]
    $SetLastError
    )

    $Properties = @{
    DllName = $DllName
    FunctionName = $FunctionName
    ReturnType = $ReturnType
    }

    if ($ParameterTypes) { $Properties['ParameterTypes'] = $ParameterTypes }
    if ($NativeCallingConvention) { $Properties['NativeCallingConvention'] = $NativeCallingConvention }
    if ($Charset) { $Properties['Charset'] = $Charset }
    if ($SetLastError) { $Properties['SetLastError'] = $SetLastError }
    if ($EntryPoint) { $Properties['EntryPoint'] = $EntryPoint }

    New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
    }


    function Add-Win32Type
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates a .NET type for an unmanaged Win32 function.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: func
    .DESCRIPTION
    Add-Win32Type enables you to easily interact with unmanaged (i.e.
    Win32 unmanaged) functions in PowerShell. After providing
    Add-Win32Type with a function signature, a .NET type is created
    using reflection (i.e. csc.exe is never called like with Add-Type).
    The 'func' helper function can be used to reduce typing when defining
    multiple function definitions.
    .PARAMETER DllName
    The name of the DLL.
    .PARAMETER FunctionName
    The name of the target function.
    .PARAMETER EntryPoint
    The DLL export function name. This argument should be specified if the
    specified function name is different than the name of the exported
    function.
    .PARAMETER ReturnType
    The return type of the function.
    .PARAMETER ParameterTypes
    The function parameters.
    .PARAMETER NativeCallingConvention
    Specifies the native calling convention of the function. Defaults to
    stdcall.
    .PARAMETER Charset
    If you need to explicitly call an 'A' or 'W' Win32 function, you can
    specify the character set.
    .PARAMETER SetLastError
    Indicates whether the callee calls the SetLastError Win32 API
    function before returning from the attributed method.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the functions. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER Namespace
    An optional namespace to prepend to the type. Add-Win32Type defaults
    to a namespace consisting only of the name of the DLL.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 GetProcAddress ([IntPtr]) @([IntPtr], [String]) -Charset Ansi -SetLastError),
    (func kernel32 GetModuleHandle ([Intptr]) @([String]) -SetLastError),
    (func ntdll RtlGetCurrentPeb ([IntPtr]) @())
    )
    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Ntdll::RtlGetCurrentPeb()
    $ntdllbase = $Kernel32::GetModuleHandle('ntdll')
    $Kernel32::GetProcAddress($ntdllbase, 'RtlGetCurrentPeb')
    .NOTES
    Inspired by Lee Holmes' Invoke-WindowsApi http://poshcode.org/2189
    When defining multiple function prototypes, it is ideal to provide
    Add-Win32Type with an array of function signatures. That way, they
    are all incorporated into the same in-memory module.
    #>

    [OutputType([Hashtable])]
    Param(
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $DllName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $FunctionName,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [String]
    $EntryPoint,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type]
    $ReturnType,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Type[]]
    $ParameterTypes,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]
    $NativeCallingConvention = [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::StdCall,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]
    $Charset = [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto,

    [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)]
    [Switch]
    $SetLastError,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [ValidateNotNull()]
    [String]
    $Namespace = ''
    )

    BEGIN
    {
    $TypeHash = @{}
    }

    PROCESS
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType("$Namespace.$DllName")
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType($DllName)
    }
    }
    else
    {
    # Define one type for each DLL
    if (!$TypeHash.ContainsKey($DllName))
    {
    if ($Namespace)
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType("$Namespace.$DllName", 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    else
    {
    $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType($DllName, 'Public,BeforeFieldInit')
    }
    }

    $Method = $TypeHash[$DllName].DefineMethod(
    $FunctionName,
    'Public,Static,PinvokeImpl',
    $ReturnType,
    $ParameterTypes)

    # Make each ByRef parameter an Out parameter
    $i = 1
    foreach($Parameter in $ParameterTypes)
    {
    if ($Parameter.IsByRef)
    {
    [void] $Method.DefineParameter($i, 'Out', $null)
    }

    $i++
    }

    $DllImport = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute]
    $SetLastErrorField = $DllImport.GetField('SetLastError')
    $CallingConventionField = $DllImport.GetField('CallingConvention')
    $CharsetField = $DllImport.GetField('CharSet')
    $EntryPointField = $DllImport.GetField('EntryPoint')
    if ($SetLastError) { $SLEValue = $True } else { $SLEValue = $False }

    if ($PSBoundParameters['EntryPoint']) { $ExportedFuncName = $EntryPoint } else { $ExportedFuncName = $FunctionName }

    # Equivalent to C# version of [DllImport(DllName)]
    $Constructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor([String])
    $DllImportAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($Constructor,
    $DllName, [Reflection.PropertyInfo[]] @(), [Object[]] @(),
    [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @($SetLastErrorField,
    $CallingConventionField,
    $CharsetField,
    $EntryPointField),
    [Object[]] @($SLEValue,
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] $NativeCallingConvention),
    ([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] $Charset),
    $ExportedFuncName))

    $Method.SetCustomAttribute($DllImportAttribute)
    }
    }

    END
    {
    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return $TypeHash
    }

    $ReturnTypes = @{}

    foreach ($Key in $TypeHash.Keys)
    {
    $Type = $TypeHash[$Key].CreateType()

    $ReturnTypes[$Key] = $Type
    }

    return $ReturnTypes
    }
    }


    function psenum
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory enumeration for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: None
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'psenum' function facilitates the creation of enums entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the enum. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the enum.
    .PARAMETER Type
    The type of each enum element.
    .PARAMETER EnumElements
    A hashtable of enum elements.
    .PARAMETER Bitfield
    Specifies that the enum should be treated as a bitfield.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageSubsystem = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM UInt16 @{
    UNKNOWN = 0
    NATIVE = 1 # Image doesn't require a subsystem.
    WINDOWS_GUI = 2 # Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem.
    WINDOWS_CUI = 3 # Image runs in the Windows character subsystem.
    OS2_CUI = 5 # Image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem.
    POSIX_CUI = 7 # Image runs in the Posix character subsystem.
    NATIVE_WINDOWS = 8 # Image is a native Win9x driver.
    WINDOWS_CE_GUI = 9 # Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.
    EFI_APPLICATION = 10
    EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER = 11
    EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER = 12
    EFI_ROM = 13
    XBOX = 14
    WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION = 16
    }
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Enum. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $EnumElements,

    [Switch]
    $Bitfield
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    $EnumType = $Type -as [Type]

    $EnumBuilder = $Module.DefineEnum($FullName, 'Public', $EnumType)

    if ($Bitfield)
    {
    $FlagsConstructor = [FlagsAttribute].GetConstructor(@())
    $FlagsCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($FlagsConstructor, @())
    $EnumBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($FlagsCustomAttribute)
    }

    foreach ($Key in $EnumElements.Keys)
    {
    # Apply the specified enum type to each element
    $null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral($Key, $EnumElements[$Key] -as $EnumType)
    }

    $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
    }


    # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct
    # fields.
    function field
    {
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)]
    [UInt16]
    $Position,

    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [Type]
    $Type,

    [Parameter(Position = 2)]
    [UInt16]
    $Offset,

    [Object[]]
    $MarshalAs
    )

    @{
    Position = $Position
    Type = $Type -as [Type]
    Offset = $Offset
    MarshalAs = $MarshalAs
    }
    }


    function struct
    {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Creates an in-memory struct for use in your PowerShell session.
    Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
    License: BSD 3-Clause
    Required Dependencies: None
    Optional Dependencies: field
    .DESCRIPTION
    The 'struct' function facilitates the creation of structs entirely in
    memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. Struct
    fields are specified using a hashtable where each field of the struct
    is comprosed of the order in which it should be defined, its .NET
    type, and optionally, its offset and special marshaling attributes.
    One of the features of 'struct' is that after your struct is defined,
    it will come with a built-in GetSize method as well as an explicit
    converter so that you can easily cast an IntPtr to the struct without
    relying upon calling SizeOf and/or PtrToStructure in the Marshal
    class.
    .PARAMETER Module
    The in-memory module that will host the struct. Use
    New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module.
    .PARAMETER FullName
    The fully-qualified name of the struct.
    .PARAMETER StructFields
    A hashtable of fields. Use the 'field' helper function to ease
    defining each field.
    .PARAMETER PackingSize
    Specifies the memory alignment of fields.
    .PARAMETER ExplicitLayout
    Indicates that an explicit offset for each field will be specified.
    .EXAMPLE
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32
    $ImageDosSignature = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE UInt16 @{
    DOS_SIGNATURE = 0x5A4D
    OS2_SIGNATURE = 0x454E
    OS2_SIGNATURE_LE = 0x454C
    VXD_SIGNATURE = 0x454C
    }
    $ImageDosHeader = struct $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_HEADER @{
    e_magic = field 0 $ImageDosSignature
    e_cblp = field 1 UInt16
    e_cp = field 2 UInt16
    e_crlc = field 3 UInt16
    e_cparhdr = field 4 UInt16
    e_minalloc = field 5 UInt16
    e_maxalloc = field 6 UInt16
    e_ss = field 7 UInt16
    e_sp = field 8 UInt16
    e_csum = field 9 UInt16
    e_ip = field 10 UInt16
    e_cs = field 11 UInt16
    e_lfarlc = field 12 UInt16
    e_ovno = field 13 UInt16
    e_res = field 14 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 4)
    e_oemid = field 15 UInt16
    e_oeminfo = field 16 UInt16
    e_res2 = field 17 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 10)
    e_lfanew = field 18 Int32
    }
    # Example of using an explicit layout in order to create a union.
    $TestUnion = struct $Mod TestUnion @{
    field1 = field 0 UInt32 0
    field2 = field 1 IntPtr 0
    } -ExplicitLayout
    .NOTES
    PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but
    again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style"
    definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it
    New-Struct. :P
    #>

    [OutputType([Type])]
    Param
    (
    [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})]
    $Module,

    [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [String]
    $FullName,

    [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
    [Hashtable]
    $StructFields,

    [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]
    $PackingSize = [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Unspecified,

    [Switch]
    $ExplicitLayout
    )

    if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly])
    {
    return ($Module.GetType($FullName))
    }

    [Reflection.TypeAttributes] $StructAttributes = 'AnsiClass,
    Class,
    Public,
    Sealed,
    BeforeFieldInit'

    if ($ExplicitLayout)
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::ExplicitLayout
    }
    else
    {
    $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::SequentialLayout
    }

    $StructBuilder = $Module.DefineType($FullName, $StructAttributes, [ValueType], $PackingSize)
    $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]
    $SizeConst = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst'))

    $Fields = New-Object Hashtable[]($StructFields.Count)

    # Sort each field according to the orders specified
    # Unfortunately, PSv2 doesn't have the luxury of the
    # hashtable [Ordered] accelerator.
    foreach ($Field in $StructFields.Keys)
    {
    $Index = $StructFields[$Field]['Position']
    $Fields[$Index] = @{FieldName = $Field; Properties = $StructFields[$Field]}
    }

    foreach ($Field in $Fields)
    {
    $FieldName = $Field['FieldName']
    $FieldProp = $Field['Properties']

    $Offset = $FieldProp['Offset']
    $Type = $FieldProp['Type']
    $MarshalAs = $FieldProp['MarshalAs']

    $NewField = $StructBuilder.DefineField($FieldName, $Type, 'Public')

    if ($MarshalAs)
    {
    $UnmanagedType = $MarshalAs[0] -as ([Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType])
    if ($MarshalAs[1])
    {
    $Size = $MarshalAs[1]
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo,
    $UnmanagedType, $SizeConst, @($Size))
    }
    else
    {
    $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, [Object[]] @($UnmanagedType))
    }

    $NewField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder)
    }

    if ($ExplicitLayout) { $NewField.SetOffset($Offset) }
    }

    # Make the struct aware of its own size.
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf!
    $SizeMethod = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('GetSize',
    'Public, Static',
    [Int],
    [Type[]] @())
    $ILGenerator = $SizeMethod.GetILGenerator()
    # Thanks for the help, Jason Shirk!
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('SizeOf', [Type[]] @([Type])))
    $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    # Allow for explicit casting from an IntPtr
    # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure!
    $ImplicitConverter = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('op_Implicit',
    'PrivateScope, Public, Static, HideBySig, SpecialName',
    $StructBuilder,
    [Type[]] @([IntPtr]))
    $ILGenerator2 = $ImplicitConverter.GetILGenerator()
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Nop)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldarg_0)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle'))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call,
    [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('PtrToStructure', [Type[]] @([IntPtr], [Type])))
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Unbox_Any, $StructBuilder)
    $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret)

    $StructBuilder.CreateType()
    }


    #OpenProcessToken / OpenThreadToken
    #GetTokenInformation with the TokenOwner flag to get the SID of the owner.
    #LookupAccountSid
    $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread

    $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{
    dwSize = field 0 UInt32
    cntUsage = field 1 UInt32
    th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32
    th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32
    tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32
    tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32
    dwFlags = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{
    BaseAddress = field 0 IntPtr
    AllocationBase = field 1 IntPtr
    AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32
    RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr
    State = field 4 UInt32
    Protect = field 5 UInt32
    Type = field 6 UInt32
    }

    $FunctionDefinitions = @(
    (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr]
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32],
    [UInt32]
    ) -SetLastError),

    <#(func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle
    #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass
    #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation
    [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength
    #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength
    )),
    (func advapi32 LookupAccountSid ([bool]) @(
    #_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpSystemName
    #_In_ PSID lpSid
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchName
    #_Out_opt_ LPTSTR lpReferencedDomainName
    #_Inout_ LPDWORD cchReferencedDomainName
    #_Out_ PSID_NAME_USE peUse
    ),#>

    (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    [Int32],
    [IntPtr],
    [Int32],
    [IntPtr]
    )),

    (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32],
    [bool],
    [UInt32]
    )),

    (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [IntPtr] #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    )),

    (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @(
    [UInt32],
    [bool],
    [UInt32]
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle
    [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess
    [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf
    [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle
    )),

    (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess
    [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress
    [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer
    [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize
    [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead
    ) -SetLastError), # MSDN states to call GetLastError if the return value is false.

    (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread
    [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode
    )),

    (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType()
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType()
    ) -SetLastError),

    (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @(
    [IntPtr],
    [IntPtr],
    $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(),
    [UInt32]
    ))
    )

    $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo'
    $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32']
    $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll']
    $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32']

    $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004
    $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100
    $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor
    $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor
    $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor
    $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY -bor
    $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor
    $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT

    $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread(0x40, $false, 464)

    if($hThread -ne 0)
    {
    $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero

    if(-not $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($hThread, $TOKEN_QUERY, $true, [ref]$hToken))
    {
    $hToken
    }
    else
    {
    $hToken
    if(-not $Kernel32::CloseHandle($hToken))
    {

    }
    }

    if(-not $Kernel32::CloseHandle($hThread))
    {

    }
    }