jamesallan93 · April 7, 2024 19:55 · Apr 7, 2024 · Apr 7, 2024
diff --git a/ssh-ec2-instance-permission-denied.md b/ssh-ec2-instance-permission-denied.md
@@ -77,3 +77,32 @@ chown $OS_USER:$OS_USER /home/$OS_USER -R
 
    ``ssh -i "my-test-server.pem" [email protected]``
    - don't forget to use the correct user for the server
+
+## Default user names
+
+The default user name for your EC2 instance is determined by the AMI that was specified when you launched the instance.
+
+The default user names are:
+
+-   For AL2023, Amazon Linux 2, or the Amazon Linux AMI, the user name is `ec2-user`.
+
+-   For a CentOS AMI, the user name is `centos` or `ec2-user`.
+
+-   For a Debian AMI, the user name is `admin`.
+
+-   For a Fedora AMI, the user name is `fedora` or `ec2-user`.
+
+-   For a RHEL AMI, the user name is `ec2-user` or `root`.
+
+-   For a SUSE AMI, the user name is `ec2-user` or `root`.
+
+-   For an Ubuntu AMI, the user name is `ubuntu`.
+
+-   For an Oracle AMI, the user name is `ec2-user`.
+
+-   For a Bitnami AMI, the user name is `bitnami`.
+
+
+### Note
+
+``To find the default user name for other Linux distributions, check with the AMI provider.``
diff --git a/ssh-ec2-instance-permission-denied.md b/ssh-ec2-instance-permission-denied.md
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# Permission Denied (publickey) When SSH Access to Amazon EC2 Instance
+
+### Sources
+[Amazon EC2 Knowledge Center: How do I fix 'Permission denied (publickey)' errors when I connect to my Amazon EC2 Linux instance?](https://repost.aws/knowledge-center/ec2-linux-fix-permission-denied-errors)
+
+https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/describe-keys.html#retrieving-the-public-key
+
+
+
+## Steps to Fix
+
+1. **Stop the Newly Created Instance**
+   - After creating a new instance, stop it.
+
+2. **Assign a Static IP**
+   - Go to **Network & Security > Elastic IP** and add a static IP to the instance to prevent IP change when the instance stops.
+   - Stopping and starting the instance changes the public IP address of your instance. It's a best practice to use an Elastic IP address instead of a public IP address when routing external traffic to your instance.
+
+3. **Locate or Create a New Key**
+   - Remember the `.pem` or `.ppk` file downloaded when creating an instance? Locate this file. If needed, create a new key:
+     - Open the Amazon EC2 console at `https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/`.
+     - In the left navigator, choose **Key Pairs**.
+     - You can view the information about each public key in the **Key Pairs** table.
+
+4. **Retrieve the Public Key Material**
+   - To retrieve the public key material from the private key, use the `ssh-keygen` command on your local Linux or macOS computer. Specify the path where you downloaded your private key (the `.pem` file).
+   - **Command:** `ssh-keygen -y -f /path_to_key_pair/my-key-pair.pem`
+   - The command returns the public key. If the command fails, ensure you've changed the permissions on your private key pair file so that only you can view it by running `chmod 400 key-pair-name.pem`.
+
+5. **Prepare User Data Script**
+   - Replace the placeholder `@@@@@@` with the user name associated with the AMI you launched your instance from.
+   - Change the example `YOUR_SSH_KEY_HERE` key with the extracted key from the previous steps.
+   - We will copy this data script for later
+
+```shell
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="//"
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+
+Content-Type: text/cloud-config; charset="us-ascii"
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="cloud-config.txt"
+
+#cloud-config
+cloud_final_modules:
+  - [scripts-user, always]
+
+Content-Type: text/x-shellscript; charset="us-ascii"
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="userdata.txt"
+
+#!/bin/bash
+OS_USER=@@@@@@
+chown root:root /home 
+chmod 755 /home
+chmod 700 /home/$OS_USER
+chmod 700 /home/$OS_USER/.ssh
+chmod 600 /home/$OS_USER/.ssh/authorized_keys
+echo 'ssh-rsa YOUR_SSH_KEY_HERE' >> /home/$OS_USER/.ssh/authorized_keys
+chown $OS_USER:$OS_USER /home/$OS_USER -R
+```
+6. **Prepare To Paste**
+   - Open the [Amazon EC2 console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/).
+
+   - Choose **Instances** from the navigation pane, and then select the instance you are trying to launch.
+
+   - [Stop the instance](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/Stop_Start.html#starting-stopping-instances).
+
+   - Choose **Actions**, **Instance settings**, **Edit User Data**.
+
+   - Copy the  **step 5** data script into the **Edit User Data** dialog box, and then choose **Save**.
+   - Start your instance again
+
+7. **SSH to your instance**
+   - navigate to the .pem location on your pc and run:
+
+   ``ssh -i "my-test-server.pem" [email protected]``
+   - don't forget to use the correct user for the server
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