jeffscrum · January 14, 2024 15:44 · Jan 14, 2024 · Jan 14, 2024 · Jan 14, 2024 · Jan 3, 2024
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ The CD/DVD image is set up using ISOLINUX. Start by creating a new directory, bi
 ```
 Next, an isolinux config file is created:
 ```bash
-cat <<'EOF' > binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
+# cat <<'EOF' > binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
 
 ui menu.c32
 prompt 0

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Step 1 – Installing the necessary software
 These are the software packages you need to install on your Debian system:
 
 ```bash
-apt-get install xorriso live-build syslinux squashfs-tools
+apt-get install xorriso live-build syslinux squashfs-tools isolinux
 ```
 Step 2 – Create a basic filesystem
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 ```
 Add hostname to hosts file
 ```bash
-cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
+(live):/ $ cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
 127.0.0.1 localhost
 127.0.1.1 $(cat /etc/hostname)
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ The new filesystem was created in ~/livework/chroot directory. It is time to chr
 Step 3 – chroot
 ```bash
 # cd ~/livework
-# chroot chroot
-# LANG=C.UTF-8 chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash
+# LANG=C.UTF-8 chroot chroot /bin/bash
 # mount none -t proc /proc && \
   mount none -t sysfs /sys && \
   mount none -t devpts /dev/pts

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Step 3 – chroot
 ```bash
 # cd ~/livework
 # chroot chroot
+# LANG=C.UTF-8 chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash
 # mount none -t proc /proc && \
   mount none -t sysfs /sys && \
   mount none -t devpts /dev/pts

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Start by creating a new work directory, and bring in a basic Debian filesystem u
 
 ```bash
 # mkdir ~/livework && cd ~/livework
-# debootstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase bullseye chroot http://deb.debian.org/debian
+# debootstrap --arch=amd64 bullseye chroot http://deb.debian.org/debian
 ```
 The new filesystem was created in ~/livework/chroot directory. It is time to chroot into the new filesystem and finish the installation.
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Start by creating a new work directory, and bring in a basic Debian filesystem u
 
 ```bash
 # mkdir ~/livework && cd ~/livework
-# debootstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase bullseye chroot
+# debootstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase bullseye chroot http://deb.debian.org/debian
 ```
 The new filesystem was created in ~/livework/chroot directory. It is time to chroot into the new filesystem and finish the installation.
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils parted
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils parted fdisk
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils parted
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ I use GNU xorriso to build the final iso image. It creates an isohybrid image th
 -isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isohdpfx.bin -partition_offset 16 \
 -A "Debian Live"  -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c \
 isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \
--boot-info-table -o livecd.iso binary
+-boot-info-table -o bullseye-livecd.iso binary
 ```
 
 Conclusion

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ I use GNU xorriso to build the final iso image. It creates an isohybrid image th
 -isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isohdpfx.bin -partition_offset 16 \
 -A "Debian Live"  -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c \
 isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \
--boot-info-table -o remaster.iso binary
+-boot-info-table -o livecd.iso binary
 ```
 
 Conclusion

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```
@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
 EOF
 ```
 
-This is a very basic Debian system. On top of it you can install packages such as vim and ssh (apt-get install vim ssh), a desktop environment (apt-get install lxde), a web browser (apt-get install iceweasel) etc. When you are done, cleanup apt caches and exit chroot.
+This is a very basic Debian system. On top of it you can install packages such as desktop environment (apt-get install lxde), a web browser (apt-get install iceweasel) etc. When you are done, cleanup apt caches and exit chroot.
 ```bash
 (live):/ $ apt-get clean && apt-get autoclean && apt-get autoremove
-(live):/ $ rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id && rm -rf /tmp/* && rm ~/.bash_history
+(live):/ $ rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id && rm -rf /tmp/*
 (live):/ $ umount /proc /sys /dev/pts
 (live):/ $ exit
 ```
@@ -107,48 +107,10 @@ I use GNU xorriso to build the final iso image. It creates an isohybrid image th
 isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \
 -boot-info-table -o remaster.iso binary
 ```
-To quickly test the image use qemu (apt-get install qemu).
-
-```bash
-# qemu-system-x86_64 remaster.iso
-LiveCD boot menu in qemu
-LiveCD boot menu in qemu
-```
-Transferring the iso image to USB stick
-
-As mentioned above, isohybrid images can be transferred to USB using dd command. To find out what device handles your USB stick you can use hwinfo (apt-get install hwinfo):
-
-```bash
-# hwinfo --disk --short
-disk:                                                           
-  /dev/sda             HDT722525DLAT80
-  /dev/sdb             WDC WD800JB-00FM
-  /dev/sdc             Generic USB SD Reader
-  /dev/sdd             Generic USB CF Reader
-  /dev/sde             Generic USB SM Reader
-  /dev/sdf             Generic USB MS Reader
-  /dev/sdg             Lexar USB Flash Drive
-
-# dd if=remaster.iso of=/dev/sdg
-```
-Reboot your computer from the USB stick and you’ll be up and running in no time.
-
-LiveCD running in qemu
-LiveCD running in qemu
-
-A few words about persistence
-
-All iso images build using Debian’s live-boot package have the capability to autodetect a writable storage data area. This data will persist across multiple boot sessions on the same computer. To enable this feature, create a storage file named live-rw with a valid ext2 filesystem and place it on an existing hard drive partition on the computer you are booting:
-```bash
-# dd if=/dev/zero of=live-rw bs=100MB count=1
-# /sbin/mkfs.ext2 -F live-rw
-# mv live-rw /.
-```
-In my case I’ve moved live-rw file on my Debian Linux partition. You can also put it on a NTFS partition, at boot time the software will find it and mount it.
 
 Conclusion
 
-The iso image in this example has a size of 92MB. It is a basic Debian system as created by debootstrap, with only the necessary livecd executables. From here it will grow as more packages are added and the image is personalized.
+The iso image in this example has a size of 203MB. It is a basic Debian system as created by debootstrap, with only the necessary livecd executables. From here it will grow as more packages are added and the image is personalized.
 
 I have decided to document my steps in case anyone might find them useful. Please let me know if you run into problems, or if you have any questions or suggestions. I use these steps to build small network appliances, servers, and rescue disks, nothing important. I’ve never went as far as to build a full distribution.
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less binutils
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ EOF
 This is a very basic Debian system. On top of it you can install packages such as vim and ssh (apt-get install vim ssh), a desktop environment (apt-get install lxde), a web browser (apt-get install iceweasel) etc. When you are done, cleanup apt caches and exit chroot.
 ```bash
 (live):/ $ apt-get clean && apt-get autoclean && apt-get autoremove
-(live):/ $ rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id && rm -rf /tmp/* && ~/.bash_history
+(live):/ $ rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id && rm -rf /tmp/* && rm ~/.bash_history
 (live):/ $ umount /proc /sys /dev/pts
 (live):/ $ exit
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client less
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client less
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client less
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
 (live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ The CD/DVD image is set up using ISOLINUX. Start by creating a new directory, bi
 # cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*-amd64 binary/live/vmlinuz
 # cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-*-amd64 binary/live/initrd
 # mksquashfs chroot binary/live/filesystem.squashfs -comp xz -e boot
-# cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/
-# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/* binary/isolinux/
-# touch binary/isolinux/DEBIAN_IMAGE 
+# cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/.
+# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/* binary/isolinux/.
+# touch binary/isolinux/DEBIAN_IMAGE
 ```
 Next, an isolinux config file is created:
 ```bash

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -36,9 +36,22 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
 (live):/ $ apt-get install man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
-(live):/ $ echo "custom-live" > /etc/hostname
+(live):/ $ echo "liveCD" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```
+Add hostname to hosts file
+```bash
+cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
+127.0.0.1 localhost
+127.0.1.1 $(cat /etc/hostname)
+
+# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
+::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
+ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
+ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
+EOF
+```
+
 This is a very basic Debian system. On top of it you can install packages such as vim and ssh (apt-get install vim ssh), a desktop environment (apt-get install lxde), a web browser (apt-get install iceweasel) etc. When you are done, cleanup apt caches and exit chroot.
 ```bash
 (live):/ $ apt-get clean && apt-get autoclean && apt-get autoremove

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install man vi ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
+(live):/ $ apt-get install man-db ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
 (live):/ $ echo "custom-live" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
+(live):/ $ apt-get install man vi ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
 (live):/ $ echo "custom-live" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools isc-dhcp-client
 (live):/ $ echo "custom-live" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ Step 3 – chroot
 ```bash
 # cd ~/livework
 # chroot chroot
-# mount none -t proc /proc
-# mount none -t sysfs /sys
-# mount none -t devpts /dev/pts
+# mount none -t proc /proc && \
+  mount none -t sysfs /sys && \
+  mount none -t devpts /dev/pts
 # export LC_ALL=C
 # export PS1="\e[01;31m(live):\W \$ \e[00m"
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ The CD/DVD image is set up using ISOLINUX. Start by creating a new directory, bi
 # mksquashfs chroot binary/live/filesystem.squashfs -comp xz -e boot
 # cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/
 # cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/* binary/isolinux/
+# touch binary/isolinux/DEBIAN_IMAGE 
 ```
 Next, an isolinux config file is created:
 ```bash

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ The CD/DVD image is set up using ISOLINUX. Start by creating a new directory, bi
 ```
 Next, an isolinux config file is created:
 ```bash
-# cat binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
+cat <<'EOF' > binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
+
 ui menu.c32
 prompt 0
 menu title Boot Menu
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ label live-amd64-failsafe
 	append initrd=/live/initrd boot=live persistence config memtest noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nomodeset nosmp nosplash vga=normal
 
 endtext
+EOF
 ```
 Step 5 – Building the iso image
 

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ The CD/DVD image is set up using ISOLINUX. Start by creating a new directory, bi
 ```bash
 # cd ~/livework
 # mkdir -p binary/live && mkdir -p binary/isolinux
-# cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-amd64 binary/live/vmlinuz
-# cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-26-amd64 binary/live/initrd
+# cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*-amd64 binary/live/vmlinuz
+# cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-*-amd64 binary/live/initrd
 # mksquashfs chroot binary/live/filesystem.squashfs -comp xz -e boot
-# cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/.
-# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/{ldlinux.c32,menu.c32,libutil.c32,libcom32.c32} binary/isolinux/.
+# cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/
+# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/* binary/isolinux/
 ```
 Next, an isolinux config file is created:
 ```bash

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ The CD/DVD image is set up using ISOLINUX. Start by creating a new directory, bi
 ```bash
 # cd ~/livework
 # mkdir -p binary/live && mkdir -p binary/isolinux
-# cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-15-amd64 binary/live/vmlinuz
-# cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-15-amd64 binary/live/initrd
+# cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-26-amd64 binary/live/vmlinuz
+# cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-26-amd64 binary/live/initrd
 # mksquashfs chroot binary/live/filesystem.squashfs -comp xz -e boot
 # cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/.
 # cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/{ldlinux.c32,menu.c32,libutil.c32,libcom32.c32} binary/isolinux/.

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 ```
 This is a very basic Debian system. On top of it you can install packages such as vim and ssh (apt-get install vim ssh), a desktop environment (apt-get install lxde), a web browser (apt-get install iceweasel) etc. When you are done, cleanup apt caches and exit chroot.
 ```bash
-(live):/ $ apt-get clean
-(live):/ $ rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id && rm -rf /tmp/*
+(live):/ $ apt-get clean && apt-get autoclean && apt-get autoremove
+(live):/ $ rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id && rm -rf /tmp/* && ~/.bash_history
 (live):/ $ umount /proc /sys /dev/pts
 (live):/ $ exit
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
-(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh wget curl net-tools
 (live):/ $ echo "custom-live" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ Step 3 – chroot
 # mount none -t proc /proc
 # mount none -t sysfs /sys
 # mount none -t devpts /dev/pts
-# export HOME=/root
 # export LC_ALL=C
 # export PS1="\e[01;31m(live):\W \$ \e[00m"
 ```
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ In chroot you need to bring in a Linux kernel and the necessary livecd packages.
 (live):/ $ apt-get install dialog dbus
 (live):/ $ dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
 (live):/ $ apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
+(live):/ $ apt-get install vim ssh
 (live):/ $ echo "custom-live" > /etc/hostname
 (live):/ $ passwd
 ```