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lenew/opensslkey.cs

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Created January 9, 2018 03:22
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  1. @stormwild stormwild created this gist Dec 10, 2013.
    1,299 changes: 1,299 additions & 0 deletions opensslkey.cs
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,1299 @@
    //**********************************************************************************
    //
    //OpenSSLKey
    // .NET 2.0 OpenSSL Public & Private Key Parser
    //
    // Copyright (C) 2008 JavaScience Consulting
    //
    //***********************************************************************************
    //
    // opensslkey.cs
    //
    // Reads and parses:
    // (1) OpenSSL PEM or DER public keys
    // (2) OpenSSL PEM or DER traditional SSLeay private keys (encrypted and unencrypted)
    // (3) PKCS #8 PEM or DER encoded private keys (encrypted and unencrypted)
    // Keys in PEM format must have headers/footers .
    // Encrypted Private Key in SSLEay format not supported in DER
    // Removes header/footer lines.
    // For traditional SSLEAY PEM private keys, checks for encrypted format and
    // uses PBE to extract 3DES key.
    // For SSLEAY format, only supports encryption format: DES-EDE3-CBC
    // For PKCS #8, only supports PKCS#5 v2.0 3des.
    // Parses private and public key components and returns .NET RSA object.
    // Creates dummy unsigned certificate linked to private keypair and
    // optionally exports to pkcs #12
    //
    // See also:
    // http://www.openssl.org/docs/crypto/pem.html#PEM_ENCRYPTION_FORMAT
    //**************************************************************************************

    using System;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Security.Cryptography;
    using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    using System.Security;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.ComponentModel;


    namespace JavaScience {

    public class Win32 {

    [DllImport("crypt32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
    public static extern IntPtr CertCreateSelfSignCertificate(
    IntPtr hProv,
    ref CERT_NAME_BLOB pSubjectIssuerBlob,
    uint dwFlagsm,
    ref CRYPT_KEY_PROV_INFO pKeyProvInfo,
    IntPtr pSignatureAlgorithm,
    IntPtr pStartTime,
    IntPtr pEndTime,
    IntPtr other) ;


    [DllImport("crypt32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
    public static extern bool CertStrToName(
    uint dwCertEncodingType,
    String pszX500,
    uint dwStrType,
    IntPtr pvReserved,
    [In, Out] byte[] pbEncoded,
    ref uint pcbEncoded,
    IntPtr other);

    [DllImport("crypt32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
    public static extern bool CertFreeCertificateContext(
    IntPtr hCertStore) ;

    }


    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct CRYPT_KEY_PROV_INFO
    {
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public String pwszContainerName;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public String pwszProvName;
    public uint dwProvType;
    public uint dwFlags;
    public uint cProvParam;
    public IntPtr rgProvParam;
    public uint dwKeySpec;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct CERT_NAME_BLOB
    {
    public int cbData;
    public IntPtr pbData;
    }



    public class opensslkey {

    const String pemprivheader = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemprivfooter = "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pempubheader = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----" ;
    const String pempubfooter = "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----" ;
    const String pemp8header = "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemp8footer = "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemp8encheader = "-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemp8encfooter = "-----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----" ;

    // static byte[] pempublickey;
    // static byte[] pemprivatekey;
    // static byte[] pkcs8privatekey;
    // static byte[] pkcs8encprivatekey;

    static bool verbose = false;

    public static void Main(String[] args) {

    if(args.Length == 1)
    if(args[0].ToUpper() == "V")
    verbose = true;

    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
    Console.Write("\nRSA public, private or PKCS #8 key file to decode: ");
    String filename = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
    if (filename == "") //exit while(true) loop
    return;
    if (!File.Exists(filename)) {
    Console.WriteLine("File \"{0}\" does not exist!\n", filename);
    return;
    }

    StreamReader sr = File.OpenText(filename);
    String pemstr = sr.ReadToEnd().Trim();
    sr.Close();
    if(pemstr.StartsWith("-----BEGIN"))
    DecodePEMKey(pemstr);
    else
    DecodeDERKey(filename);
    }





    // ------- Decode PEM pubic, private or pkcs8 key ----------------
    public static void DecodePEMKey(String pemstr)
    {
    byte[] pempublickey;
    byte[] pemprivatekey;
    byte[] pkcs8privatekey;
    byte[] pkcs8encprivatekey;

    if(pemstr.StartsWith(pempubheader) && pemstr.EndsWith(pempubfooter))
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Trying to decode and parse a PEM public key ..");
    pempublickey = DecodeOpenSSLPublicKey(pemstr);
    if(pempublickey != null)
    {
    if(verbose)
    showBytes("\nRSA public key", pempublickey) ;
    //PutFileBytes("rsapubkey.pem", pempublickey, pempublickey.Length) ;
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodeX509PublicKey(pempublickey);
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlpublickey =rsa.ToXmlString(false) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA public key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlpublickey) ;
    }
    }




    else if(pemstr.StartsWith(pemprivheader) && pemstr.EndsWith(pemprivfooter))
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Trying to decrypt and parse a PEM private key ..");
    pemprivatekey = DecodeOpenSSLPrivateKey(pemstr);
    if(pemprivatekey != null)
    {
    if(verbose)
    showBytes("\nRSA private key", pemprivatekey) ;
    //PutFileBytes("rsaprivkey.pem", pemprivatekey, pemprivatekey.Length) ;
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(pemprivatekey);
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlprivatekey =rsa.ToXmlString(true) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA private key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlprivatekey) ;
    ProcessRSA(rsa);
    }
    }



    else if(pemstr.StartsWith(pemp8header) && pemstr.EndsWith(pemp8footer))
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Trying to decode and parse as PEM PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo ..");
    pkcs8privatekey = DecodePkcs8PrivateKey(pemstr);
    if(pkcs8privatekey != null)
    {
    if(verbose)
    showBytes("\nPKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo", pkcs8privatekey) ;
    //PutFileBytes("PrivateKeyInfo", pkcs8privatekey, pkcs8privatekey.Length) ;
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePrivateKeyInfo(pkcs8privatekey);
    if(rsa !=null)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlprivatekey =rsa.ToXmlString(true) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA private key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlprivatekey) ;
    ProcessRSA(rsa) ;
    }
    else
    Console.WriteLine("\nFailed to create an RSACryptoServiceProvider");
    }
    }


    else if(pemstr.StartsWith(pemp8encheader) && pemstr.EndsWith(pemp8encfooter))
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Trying to decode and parse as PEM PKCS #8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo ..");
    pkcs8encprivatekey = DecodePkcs8EncPrivateKey(pemstr);
    if(pkcs8encprivatekey != null)
    {
    if(verbose)
    showBytes("\nPKCS #8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo", pkcs8encprivatekey) ;
    //PutFileBytes("EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo", pkcs8encprivatekey, pkcs8encprivatekey.Length) ;
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodeEncryptedPrivateKeyInfo(pkcs8encprivatekey);
    if(rsa !=null)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlprivatekey =rsa.ToXmlString(true) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA private key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlprivatekey) ;
    ProcessRSA(rsa) ;
    }
    else
    Console.WriteLine("\nFailed to create an RSACryptoServiceProvider");
    }
    }


    else
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Not a PEM public, private key or a PKCS #8");
    return;
    }
    }





    // ------- Decode PEM pubic, private or pkcs8 key ----------------
    public static void DecodeDERKey(String filename)
    {
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = null ;
    byte[] keyblob = GetFileBytes(filename);
    if(keyblob == null)
    return;

    rsa = DecodeX509PublicKey(keyblob);
    if(rsa !=null)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("\nA valid SubjectPublicKeyInfo\n") ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlpublickey =rsa.ToXmlString(false) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA public key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlpublickey) ;
    return;
    }

    rsa = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(keyblob);
    if(rsa != null)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("\nA valid RSAPrivateKey\n") ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlprivatekey =rsa.ToXmlString(true) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA private key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlprivatekey) ;
    ProcessRSA(rsa) ;
    return;
    }

    rsa = DecodePrivateKeyInfo(keyblob); //PKCS #8 unencrypted
    if(rsa !=null)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("\nA valid PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo\n") ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlprivatekey =rsa.ToXmlString(true) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA private key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlprivatekey) ;
    ProcessRSA(rsa);
    return;
    }

    rsa = DecodeEncryptedPrivateKeyInfo(keyblob); //PKCS #8 encrypted
    if(rsa !=null) {
    Console.WriteLine("\nA valid PKCS #8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo\n") ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nCreated an RSACryptoServiceProvider instance\n") ;
    String xmlprivatekey =rsa.ToXmlString(true) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nXML RSA private key: {0} bits\n{1}\n", rsa.KeySize, xmlprivatekey) ;
    ProcessRSA(rsa);
    return;
    }
    Console.WriteLine("Not a binary DER public, private or PKCS #8 key");
    return;
    }





    public static void ProcessRSA(RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa)
    {
    if(verbose)
    showRSAProps(rsa);
    Console.Write("\n\nExport RSA private key to PKCS #12 file? (Y or N) ");
    String resp = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper() ;
    if(resp == "Y" || resp == "YES")
    RSAtoPKCS12(rsa) ;
    }




    //-------- Generate pkcs #12 from an RSACryptoServiceProvider ---------
    public static void RSAtoPKCS12(RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa)
    {
    CspKeyContainerInfo keyInfo = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo;
    String keycontainer = keyInfo.KeyContainerName;
    uint keyspec = (uint) keyInfo.KeyNumber;
    String provider = keyInfo.ProviderName;
    uint cspflags = 0; //CryptoAPI Current User store; LM would be CRYPT_MACHINE_KEYSET = 0x00000020
    String fname = keycontainer + ".p12" ;
    //---- need to pass in rsa since underlying keycontainer is not persisted and might be deleted too quickly ---
    byte[] pkcs12 = GetPkcs12(rsa, keycontainer, provider, keyspec , cspflags) ;
    if ( (pkcs12 !=null) && verbose)
    showBytes("\npkcs #12", pkcs12);
    if(pkcs12 !=null){
    PutFileBytes(fname, pkcs12, pkcs12.Length) ;
    Console.WriteLine("\nWrote pkc #12 file '{0}'\n", fname) ;
    }
    else
    Console.WriteLine("\nProblem getting pkcs#12") ;
    }




    //-------- Get the binary PKCS #8 PRIVATE key --------
    public static byte[] DecodePkcs8PrivateKey(String instr)
    {
    const String pemp8header = "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemp8footer = "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    String pemstr = instr.Trim() ;
    byte[] binkey;
    if(!pemstr.StartsWith(pemp8header) || !pemstr.EndsWith(pemp8footer))
    return null;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(pemstr) ;
    sb.Replace(pemp8header, "") ; //remove headers/footers, if present
    sb.Replace(pemp8footer, "") ;

    String pubstr = sb.ToString().Trim(); //get string after removing leading/trailing whitespace

    try{
    binkey = Convert.FromBase64String(pubstr) ;
    }
    catch(System.FormatException) { //if can't b64 decode, data is not valid
    return null;
    }
    return binkey;
    }


    //------- Parses binary asn.1 PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo; returns RSACryptoServiceProvider ---
    public static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodePrivateKeyInfo(byte[] pkcs8)
    {
    // encoded OID sequence for PKCS #1 rsaEncryption szOID_RSA_RSA = "1.2.840.113549.1.1.1"
    // this byte[] includes the sequence byte and terminal encoded null
    byte[] SeqOID = {0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00} ;
    byte[] seq = new byte[15];
    // --------- Set up stream to read the asn.1 encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo blob ------
    MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(pkcs8) ;
    int lenstream = (int) mem.Length;
    BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem) ; //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
    byte bt = 0;
    ushort twobytes = 0;

    try{

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
    binr.ReadByte(); //advance 1 byte
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16(); //advance 2 bytes
    else
    return null;


    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x02)
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();

    if(twobytes != 0x0001)
    return null;

    seq = binr.ReadBytes(15); //read the Sequence OID
    if(!CompareBytearrays(seq, SeqOID)) //make sure Sequence for OID is correct
    return null;

    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x04) //expect an Octet string
    return null;

    bt = binr.ReadByte(); //read next byte, or next 2 bytes is 0x81 or 0x82; otherwise bt is the byte count
    if(bt == 0x81)
    binr.ReadByte();
    else
    if(bt == 0x82)
    binr.ReadUInt16();
    //------ at this stage, the remaining sequence should be the RSA private key

    byte[] rsaprivkey = binr.ReadBytes((int)(lenstream -mem.Position)) ;
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsacsp = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(rsaprivkey);
    return rsacsp;
    }

    catch(Exception){
    return null;
    }

    finally { binr.Close(); }

    }








    //-------- Get the binary PKCS #8 Encrypted PRIVATE key --------
    public static byte[] DecodePkcs8EncPrivateKey(String instr)
    {
    const String pemp8encheader = "-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemp8encfooter = "-----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    String pemstr = instr.Trim() ;
    byte[] binkey;
    if(!pemstr.StartsWith(pemp8encheader) || !pemstr.EndsWith(pemp8encfooter))
    return null;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(pemstr) ;
    sb.Replace(pemp8encheader, "") ; //remove headers/footers, if present
    sb.Replace(pemp8encfooter, "") ;

    String pubstr = sb.ToString().Trim(); //get string after removing leading/trailing whitespace

    try{
    binkey = Convert.FromBase64String(pubstr) ;
    }
    catch(System.FormatException) { //if can't b64 decode, data is not valid
    return null;
    }
    return binkey;
    }






    //------- Parses binary asn.1 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo; returns RSACryptoServiceProvider ---
    public static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeEncryptedPrivateKeyInfo(byte[] encpkcs8)
    {
    // encoded OID sequence for PKCS #1 rsaEncryption szOID_RSA_RSA = "1.2.840.113549.1.1.1"
    // this byte[] includes the sequence byte and terminal encoded null
    byte[] OIDpkcs5PBES2 = {0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x05, 0x0D } ;
    byte[] OIDpkcs5PBKDF2 = {0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x05, 0x0C } ;
    byte[] OIDdesEDE3CBC = {0x06, 0x08, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x03, 0x07} ;
    byte[] seqdes = new byte[10] ;
    byte[] seq = new byte[11];
    byte[] salt ;
    byte[] IV;
    byte[] encryptedpkcs8;
    byte[] pkcs8;

    int saltsize, ivsize, encblobsize;
    int iterations;

    // --------- Set up stream to read the asn.1 encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo blob ------
    MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(encpkcs8) ;
    int lenstream = (int) mem.Length;
    BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem) ; //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
    byte bt = 0;
    ushort twobytes = 0;

    try{

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
    binr.ReadByte(); //advance 1 byte
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16(); //advance 2 bytes
    else
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16(); //inner sequence
    if(twobytes == 0x8130)
    binr.ReadByte();
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16();


    seq = binr.ReadBytes(11); //read the Sequence OID
    if(!CompareBytearrays(seq, OIDpkcs5PBES2)) //is it a OIDpkcs5PBES2 ?
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16(); //inner sequence for pswd salt
    if(twobytes == 0x8130)
    binr.ReadByte();
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16();

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16(); //inner sequence for pswd salt
    if(twobytes == 0x8130)
    binr.ReadByte();
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16();

    seq = binr.ReadBytes(11); //read the Sequence OID
    if(!CompareBytearrays(seq, OIDpkcs5PBKDF2)) //is it a OIDpkcs5PBKDF2 ?
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130)
    binr.ReadByte();
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16();

    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x04) //expect octet string for salt
    return null;
    saltsize = binr.ReadByte();
    salt = binr.ReadBytes(saltsize);

    if(verbose)
    showBytes("Salt for pbkd", salt);
    bt=binr.ReadByte();
    if (bt != 0x02) //expect an integer for PBKF2 interation count
    return null;

    int itbytes = binr.ReadByte(); //PBKD2 iterations should fit in 2 bytes.
    if(itbytes ==1)
    iterations = binr.ReadByte();
    else if(itbytes == 2)
    iterations = 256*binr.ReadByte() + binr.ReadByte();
    else
    return null;
    if(verbose)
    Console.WriteLine("PBKD2 iterations {0}", iterations);

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130)
    binr.ReadByte();
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16();


    seqdes = binr.ReadBytes(10); //read the Sequence OID
    if(!CompareBytearrays(seqdes, OIDdesEDE3CBC)) //is it a OIDdes-EDE3-CBC ?
    return null;

    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x04) //expect octet string for IV
    return null;
    ivsize = binr.ReadByte(); // IV byte size should fit in one byte (24 expected for 3DES)
    IV= binr.ReadBytes(ivsize);
    if(verbose)
    showBytes("IV for des-EDE3-CBC", IV);

    bt=binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x04) // expect octet string for encrypted PKCS8 data
    return null;


    bt = binr.ReadByte();

    if(bt == 0x81)
    encblobsize = binr.ReadByte(); // data size in next byte
    else if(bt == 0x82)
    encblobsize = 256*binr.ReadByte() + binr.ReadByte() ;
    else
    encblobsize = bt; // we already have the data size


    encryptedpkcs8 = binr.ReadBytes(encblobsize) ;
    //if(verbose)
    // showBytes("Encrypted PKCS8 blob", encryptedpkcs8) ;


    SecureString secpswd = GetSecPswd("Enter password for Encrypted PKCS #8 ==>") ;
    pkcs8 = DecryptPBDK2(encryptedpkcs8, salt, IV, secpswd, iterations) ;
    if(pkcs8 == null) // probably a bad pswd entered.
    return null;

    //if(verbose)
    // showBytes("Decrypted PKCS #8", pkcs8) ;
    //----- With a decrypted pkcs #8 PrivateKeyInfo blob, decode it to an RSA ---
    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePrivateKeyInfo(pkcs8) ;
    return rsa;
    }

    catch(Exception){
    return null;
    }

    finally { binr.Close(); }


    }





    // ------ Uses PBKD2 to derive a 3DES key and decrypts data --------
    public static byte[] DecryptPBDK2(byte[] edata, byte[] salt, byte[]IV, SecureString secpswd, int iterations)
    {
    CryptoStream decrypt = null;

    IntPtr unmanagedPswd = IntPtr.Zero;
    byte[] psbytes = new byte[secpswd.Length] ;
    unmanagedPswd = Marshal.SecureStringToGlobalAllocAnsi(secpswd);
    Marshal.Copy(unmanagedPswd, psbytes, 0, psbytes.Length) ;
    Marshal.ZeroFreeGlobalAllocAnsi(unmanagedPswd);

    try
    {
    Rfc2898DeriveBytes kd = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(psbytes, salt, iterations);
    TripleDES decAlg = TripleDES.Create();
    decAlg.Key = kd.GetBytes(24);
    decAlg.IV = IV;
    MemoryStream memstr = new MemoryStream();
    decrypt = new CryptoStream(memstr,decAlg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
    decrypt.Write(edata, 0, edata.Length);
    decrypt.Flush();
    decrypt.Close() ; // this is REQUIRED.
    byte[] cleartext = memstr.ToArray();
    return cleartext;
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Problem decrypting: {0}", e.Message) ;
    return null;
    }
    }










    //-------- Get the binary RSA PUBLIC key --------
    public static byte[] DecodeOpenSSLPublicKey(String instr)
    {
    const String pempubheader = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----" ;
    const String pempubfooter = "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----" ;
    String pemstr = instr.Trim() ;
    byte[] binkey;
    if(!pemstr.StartsWith(pempubheader) || !pemstr.EndsWith(pempubfooter))
    return null;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(pemstr) ;
    sb.Replace(pempubheader, "") ; //remove headers/footers, if present
    sb.Replace(pempubfooter, "") ;

    String pubstr = sb.ToString().Trim(); //get string after removing leading/trailing whitespace

    try{
    binkey = Convert.FromBase64String(pubstr) ;
    }
    catch(System.FormatException) { //if can't b64 decode, data is not valid
    return null;
    }
    return binkey;
    }



    //------- Parses binary asn.1 X509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo; returns RSACryptoServiceProvider ---
    public static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeX509PublicKey(byte[] x509key)
    {
    // encoded OID sequence for PKCS #1 rsaEncryption szOID_RSA_RSA = "1.2.840.113549.1.1.1"
    byte[] SeqOID = {0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00} ;
    byte[] seq = new byte[15];
    // --------- Set up stream to read the asn.1 encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo blob ------
    MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(x509key) ;
    BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem) ; //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
    byte bt = 0;
    ushort twobytes = 0;

    try{

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
    binr.ReadByte(); //advance 1 byte
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16(); //advance 2 bytes
    else
    return null;

    seq = binr.ReadBytes(15); //read the Sequence OID
    if(!CompareBytearrays(seq, SeqOID)) //make sure Sequence for OID is correct
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8103) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Bit String is 03 81)
    binr.ReadByte(); //advance 1 byte
    else if(twobytes == 0x8203)
    binr.ReadInt16(); //advance 2 bytes
    else
    return null;

    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x00) //expect null byte next
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
    binr.ReadByte(); //advance 1 byte
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16(); //advance 2 bytes
    else
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    byte lowbyte = 0x00;
    byte highbyte = 0x00;

    if(twobytes == 0x8102) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Integer is 02 81)
    lowbyte = binr.ReadByte(); // read next bytes which is bytes in modulus
    else if(twobytes == 0x8202) {
    highbyte = binr.ReadByte(); //advance 2 bytes
    lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
    }
    else
    return null;
    byte[] modint = {lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00} ; //reverse byte order since asn.1 key uses big endian order
    int modsize = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0) ;

    byte firstbyte = binr.ReadByte();
    binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current);

    if(firstbyte == 0x00) { //if first byte (highest order) of modulus is zero, don't include it
    binr.ReadByte(); //skip this null byte
    modsize -=1 ; //reduce modulus buffer size by 1
    }

    byte[] modulus = binr.ReadBytes(modsize); //read the modulus bytes

    if(binr.ReadByte() != 0x02) //expect an Integer for the exponent data
    return null;
    int expbytes = (int) binr.ReadByte() ; // should only need one byte for actual exponent data (for all useful values)
    byte[] exponent = binr.ReadBytes(expbytes);


    showBytes("\nExponent", exponent);
    showBytes("\nModulus", modulus) ;

    // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----
    RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
    RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo = new RSAParameters();
    RSAKeyInfo.Modulus = modulus;
    RSAKeyInfo.Exponent = exponent;
    RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo);
    return RSA;
    }
    catch(Exception){
    return null;
    }

    finally { binr.Close(); }

    }



    //------- Parses binary ans.1 RSA private key; returns RSACryptoServiceProvider ---
    public static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPrivateKey(byte[] privkey)
    {
    byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ ;

    // --------- Set up stream to decode the asn.1 encoded RSA private key ------
    MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(privkey) ;
    BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem) ; //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
    byte bt = 0;
    ushort twobytes = 0;
    int elems = 0;
    try{
    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
    binr.ReadByte(); //advance 1 byte
    else if(twobytes == 0x8230)
    binr.ReadInt16(); //advance 2 bytes
    else
    return null;

    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
    if(twobytes != 0x0102) //version number
    return null;
    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt !=0x00)
    return null;


    //------ all private key components are Integer sequences ----
    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    MODULUS = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    E = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    D = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    P = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    Q = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    DP = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    DQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
    IQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ;

    Console.WriteLine("showing components ..");
    if(verbose) {
    showBytes("\nModulus", MODULUS) ;
    showBytes("\nExponent", E);
    showBytes("\nD", D);
    showBytes("\nP", P);
    showBytes("\nQ", Q);
    showBytes("\nDP", DP);
    showBytes("\nDQ", DQ);
    showBytes("\nIQ", IQ);
    }

    // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----
    RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
    RSAParameters RSAparams = new RSAParameters();
    RSAparams.Modulus =MODULUS;
    RSAparams.Exponent = E;
    RSAparams.D = D;
    RSAparams.P = P;
    RSAparams.Q = Q;
    RSAparams.DP = DP;
    RSAparams.DQ = DQ;
    RSAparams.InverseQ = IQ;
    RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams);
    return RSA;
    }
    catch(Exception){
    return null;
    }
    finally { binr.Close(); }
    }



    private static int GetIntegerSize(BinaryReader binr) {
    byte bt = 0;
    byte lowbyte = 0x00;
    byte highbyte = 0x00;
    int count = 0;
    bt = binr.ReadByte();
    if(bt != 0x02) //expect integer
    return 0;
    bt = binr.ReadByte();

    if(bt == 0x81)
    count = binr.ReadByte(); // data size in next byte
    else
    if(bt == 0x82) {
    highbyte = binr.ReadByte(); // data size in next 2 bytes
    lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
    byte[] modint = {lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00} ;
    count = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0) ;
    }
    else {
    count = bt; // we already have the data size
    }



    while(binr.ReadByte() == 0x00) { //remove high order zeros in data
    count -=1;
    }
    binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current); //last ReadByte wasn't a removed zero, so back up a byte
    return count;
    }




    //----- Get the binary RSA PRIVATE key, decrypting if necessary ----
    public static byte[] DecodeOpenSSLPrivateKey(String instr)
    {
    const String pemprivheader = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    const String pemprivfooter = "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" ;
    String pemstr = instr.Trim() ;
    byte[] binkey;
    if(!pemstr.StartsWith(pemprivheader) || !pemstr.EndsWith(pemprivfooter))
    return null;

    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(pemstr) ;
    sb.Replace(pemprivheader, "") ; //remove headers/footers, if present
    sb.Replace(pemprivfooter, "") ;

    String pvkstr = sb.ToString().Trim(); //get string after removing leading/trailing whitespace

    try{ // if there are no PEM encryption info lines, this is an UNencrypted PEM private key
    binkey = Convert.FromBase64String(pvkstr) ;
    return binkey;
    }
    catch(System.FormatException) { //if can't b64 decode, it must be an encrypted private key
    //Console.WriteLine("Not an unencrypted OpenSSL PEM private key");
    }

    StringReader str = new StringReader(pvkstr);

    //-------- read PEM encryption info. lines and extract salt -----
    if(!str.ReadLine().StartsWith("Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED"))
    return null;
    String saltline = str.ReadLine();
    if(!saltline.StartsWith("DEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,") )
    return null;
    String saltstr = saltline.Substring(saltline.IndexOf(",") + 1).Trim() ;
    byte[] salt = new byte[saltstr.Length/2];
    for (int i=0; i <salt.Length; i++)
    salt[i] = Convert.ToByte(saltstr.Substring (i*2, 2), 16);
    if(! (str.ReadLine() == ""))
    return null;

    //------ remaining b64 data is encrypted RSA key ----
    String encryptedstr = str.ReadToEnd() ;

    try{ //should have b64 encrypted RSA key now
    binkey = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedstr) ;
    }
    catch(System.FormatException) { // bad b64 data.
    return null;
    }

    //------ Get the 3DES 24 byte key using PDK used by OpenSSL ----

    SecureString despswd = GetSecPswd("Enter password to derive 3DES key==>") ;
    //Console.Write("\nEnter password to derive 3DES key: ");
    //String pswd = Console.ReadLine();
    byte[] deskey = GetOpenSSL3deskey(salt, despswd, 1, 2); // count=1 (for OpenSSL implementation); 2 iterations to get at least 24 bytes
    if(deskey == null)
    return null;
    //showBytes("3DES key", deskey) ;

    //------ Decrypt the encrypted 3des-encrypted RSA private key ------
    byte[] rsakey = DecryptKey(binkey, deskey, salt); //OpenSSL uses salt value in PEM header also as 3DES IV
    if(rsakey !=null)
    return rsakey; //we have a decrypted RSA private key
    else {
    Console.WriteLine("Failed to decrypt RSA private key; probably wrong password.");
    return null;
    }
    }




    // ----- Decrypt the 3DES encrypted RSA private key ----------

    public static byte[] DecryptKey(byte[] cipherData, byte[] desKey, byte[] IV)
    {
    MemoryStream memst = new MemoryStream();
    TripleDES alg = TripleDES.Create();
    alg.Key = desKey;
    alg.IV = IV;
    try{
    CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(memst, alg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
    cs.Write(cipherData, 0, cipherData.Length);
    cs.Close();
    }
    catch(Exception exc){
    Console.WriteLine(exc.Message);
    return null ;}
    byte[] decryptedData = memst.ToArray();
    return decryptedData;
    }




    //----- OpenSSL PBKD uses only one hash cycle (count); miter is number of iterations required to build sufficient bytes ---
    private static byte[] GetOpenSSL3deskey(byte[] salt, SecureString secpswd, int count, int miter ) {
    IntPtr unmanagedPswd = IntPtr.Zero;
    int HASHLENGTH = 16; //MD5 bytes
    byte[] keymaterial = new byte[HASHLENGTH*miter] ; //to store contatenated Mi hashed results


    byte[] psbytes = new byte[secpswd.Length] ;
    unmanagedPswd = Marshal.SecureStringToGlobalAllocAnsi(secpswd);
    Marshal.Copy(unmanagedPswd, psbytes, 0, psbytes.Length) ;
    Marshal.ZeroFreeGlobalAllocAnsi(unmanagedPswd);

    //UTF8Encoding utf8 = new UTF8Encoding();
    //byte[] psbytes = utf8.GetBytes(pswd);

    // --- contatenate salt and pswd bytes into fixed data array ---
    byte[] data00 = new byte[psbytes.Length + salt.Length] ;
    Array.Copy(psbytes, data00, psbytes.Length); //copy the pswd bytes
    Array.Copy(salt, 0, data00, psbytes.Length, salt.Length) ; //concatenate the salt bytes

    // ---- do multi-hashing and contatenate results D1, D2 ... into keymaterial bytes ----
    MD5 md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
    byte[] result = null;
    byte[] hashtarget = new byte[HASHLENGTH + data00.Length]; //fixed length initial hashtarget

    for(int j=0; j<miter; j++)
    {
    // ---- Now hash consecutively for count times ------
    if(j == 0)
    result = data00; //initialize
    else {
    Array.Copy(result, hashtarget, result.Length);
    Array.Copy(data00, 0, hashtarget, result.Length, data00.Length) ;
    result = hashtarget;
    //Console.WriteLine("Updated new initial hash target:") ;
    //showBytes(result) ;
    }

    for(int i=0; i<count; i++)
    result = md5.ComputeHash(result);
    Array.Copy(result, 0, keymaterial, j*HASHLENGTH, result.Length); //contatenate to keymaterial
    }
    //showBytes("Final key material", keymaterial);
    byte[] deskey = new byte[24];
    Array.Copy(keymaterial, deskey, deskey.Length) ;

    Array.Clear(psbytes, 0, psbytes.Length);
    Array.Clear(data00, 0, data00.Length) ;
    Array.Clear(result, 0, result.Length) ;
    Array.Clear(hashtarget, 0, hashtarget.Length) ;
    Array.Clear(keymaterial, 0, keymaterial.Length) ;

    return deskey;
    }






    //------ Since we are using an RSA with nonpersisted keycontainer, must pass it in to ensure it isn't colledted -----
    private static byte[] GetPkcs12(RSA rsa, String keycontainer, String cspprovider, uint KEYSPEC, uint cspflags)
    {
    byte[] pfxblob = null;
    IntPtr hCertCntxt = IntPtr.Zero;

    String DN = "CN=Opensslkey Unsigned Certificate";

    hCertCntxt = CreateUnsignedCertCntxt(keycontainer, cspprovider, KEYSPEC, cspflags, DN) ;
    if(hCertCntxt == IntPtr.Zero){
    Console.WriteLine("Couldn't create an unsigned-cert\n") ;
    return null;
    }
    try{
    X509Certificate cert = new X509Certificate(hCertCntxt) ; //create certificate object from cert context.
    X509Certificate2UI.DisplayCertificate(new X509Certificate2(cert)) ; // display it, showing linked private key
    SecureString pswd = GetSecPswd("Set PFX Password ==>") ;
    pfxblob = cert.Export(X509ContentType.Pkcs12, pswd);
    }

    catch(Exception exc)
    {
    Console.WriteLine( "BAD RESULT" + exc.Message);
    pfxblob = null;
    }

    rsa.Clear() ;
    if(hCertCntxt != IntPtr.Zero)
    Win32.CertFreeCertificateContext(hCertCntxt) ;
    return pfxblob;
    }




    private static IntPtr CreateUnsignedCertCntxt(String keycontainer, String provider, uint KEYSPEC, uint cspflags, String DN) {
    const uint AT_KEYEXCHANGE = 0x00000001;
    const uint AT_SIGNATURE = 0x00000002;
    const uint CRYPT_MACHINE_KEYSET = 0x00000020;
    const uint PROV_RSA_FULL = 0x00000001;
    const String MS_DEF_PROV = "Microsoft Base Cryptographic Provider v1.0";
    const String MS_STRONG_PROV = "Microsoft Strong Cryptographic Provider";
    const String MS_ENHANCED_PROV = "Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0";
    const uint CERT_CREATE_SELFSIGN_NO_SIGN = 1 ;
    const uint X509_ASN_ENCODING = 0x00000001;
    const uint CERT_X500_NAME_STR = 3;
    IntPtr hCertCntxt = IntPtr.Zero;
    byte[] encodedName = null;
    uint cbName = 0;

    if( provider != MS_DEF_PROV && provider != MS_STRONG_PROV && provider != MS_ENHANCED_PROV)
    return IntPtr.Zero;
    if(keycontainer == "")
    return IntPtr.Zero;
    if( KEYSPEC != AT_SIGNATURE && KEYSPEC != AT_KEYEXCHANGE)
    return IntPtr.Zero;
    if(cspflags != 0 && cspflags != CRYPT_MACHINE_KEYSET) //only 0 (Current User) keyset is currently used.
    return IntPtr.Zero;
    if (DN == "")
    return IntPtr.Zero;


    if(Win32.CertStrToName(X509_ASN_ENCODING, DN, CERT_X500_NAME_STR, IntPtr.Zero, null, ref cbName, IntPtr.Zero))
    {
    encodedName = new byte[cbName] ;
    Win32.CertStrToName(X509_ASN_ENCODING, DN, CERT_X500_NAME_STR, IntPtr.Zero, encodedName, ref cbName, IntPtr.Zero);
    }

    CERT_NAME_BLOB subjectblob = new CERT_NAME_BLOB();
    subjectblob.pbData = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(encodedName.Length);
    Marshal.Copy(encodedName, 0, subjectblob.pbData, encodedName.Length);
    subjectblob.cbData = encodedName.Length;

    CRYPT_KEY_PROV_INFO pInfo = new CRYPT_KEY_PROV_INFO();
    pInfo.pwszContainerName = keycontainer;
    pInfo.pwszProvName = provider;
    pInfo.dwProvType = PROV_RSA_FULL;
    pInfo.dwFlags = cspflags;
    pInfo.cProvParam = 0;
    pInfo.rgProvParam = IntPtr.Zero;
    pInfo.dwKeySpec = KEYSPEC;

    hCertCntxt = Win32.CertCreateSelfSignCertificate(IntPtr.Zero, ref subjectblob, CERT_CREATE_SELFSIGN_NO_SIGN, ref pInfo, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
    if(hCertCntxt == IntPtr.Zero)
    showWin32Error(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
    Marshal.FreeHGlobal(subjectblob.pbData);
    return hCertCntxt ;
    }




    private static SecureString GetSecPswd(String prompt)
    {
    SecureString password = new SecureString();

    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
    Console.Write(prompt);
    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Magenta;

    while (true)
    {
    ConsoleKeyInfo cki = Console.ReadKey(true);
    if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.Enter)
    {
    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
    Console.WriteLine();
    return password;
    }
    else if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.Backspace)
    {
    // remove the last asterisk from the screen...
    if (password.Length > 0)
    {
    Console.SetCursorPosition(Console.CursorLeft - 1, Console.CursorTop);
    Console.Write(" ");
    Console.SetCursorPosition(Console.CursorLeft - 1, Console.CursorTop);
    password.RemoveAt(password.Length - 1);
    }
    }
    else if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.Escape)
    {
    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
    Console.WriteLine();
    return password;
    }
    else if (Char.IsLetterOrDigit(cki.KeyChar) || Char.IsSymbol(cki.KeyChar))
    {
    if (password.Length < 20)
    {
    password.AppendChar(cki.KeyChar);
    Console.Write("*");
    }
    else
    {
    Console.Beep();
    }
    }
    else
    {
    Console.Beep();
    }
    }
    }





    private static bool CompareBytearrays(byte [] a, byte[] b)
    {
    if(a.Length != b.Length)
    return false;
    int i =0;
    foreach(byte c in a)
    {
    if(c != b[i] )
    return false;
    i++;
    }
    return true;
    }



    private static void showRSAProps(RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa) {
    Console.WriteLine("RSA CSP key information:");
    CspKeyContainerInfo keyInfo = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo;
    Console.WriteLine("Accessible property: " + keyInfo.Accessible);
    Console.WriteLine("Exportable property: " + keyInfo.Exportable);
    Console.WriteLine("HardwareDevice property: " + keyInfo.HardwareDevice);
    Console.WriteLine("KeyContainerName property: " + keyInfo.KeyContainerName);
    Console.WriteLine("KeyNumber property: " + keyInfo.KeyNumber.ToString());
    Console.WriteLine("MachineKeyStore property: " + keyInfo.MachineKeyStore);
    Console.WriteLine("Protected property: " + keyInfo.Protected);
    Console.WriteLine("ProviderName property: " + keyInfo.ProviderName);
    Console.WriteLine("ProviderType property: " + keyInfo.ProviderType);
    Console.WriteLine("RandomlyGenerated property: " + keyInfo.RandomlyGenerated);
    Console.WriteLine("Removable property: " + keyInfo.Removable);
    Console.WriteLine("UniqueKeyContainerName property: " + keyInfo.UniqueKeyContainerName);
    }



    private static void showBytes(String info, byte[] data){
    Console.WriteLine("{0} [{1} bytes]", info, data.Length);
    for(int i=1; i<=data.Length; i++){
    Console.Write("{0:X2} ", data[i-1]) ;
    if(i%16 == 0)
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
    Console.WriteLine("\n\n");
    }


    private static byte[] GetFileBytes(String filename){
    if(!File.Exists(filename))
    return null;
    Stream stream=new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Open);
    int datalen = (int)stream.Length;
    byte[] filebytes =new byte[datalen];
    stream.Seek(0,SeekOrigin.Begin);
    stream.Read(filebytes,0,datalen);
    stream.Close();
    return filebytes;
    }


    private static void PutFileBytes(String outfile, byte[] data, int bytes) {
    FileStream fs = null;
    if(bytes > data.Length) {
    Console.WriteLine("Too many bytes");
    return;
    }
    try{
    fs = new FileStream(outfile, FileMode.Create);
    fs.Write(data, 0, bytes);
    }
    catch(Exception e) {
    Console.WriteLine(e.Message) ;
    }
    finally {
    fs.Close();
    }
    }



    private static void showWin32Error(int errorcode)
    {
    Win32Exception myEx=new Win32Exception(errorcode);
    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
    Console.WriteLine("Error code:\t 0x{0:X}", myEx.ErrorCode);
    Console.WriteLine("Error message:\t {0}\n", myEx.Message);
    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
    }


    }
    }