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  1. moorepants revised this gist Nov 17, 2019. 2 changed files with 1735 additions and 350 deletions.
    270 changes: 1 addition & 269 deletions engrxiv-papers.csv
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    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -1498,272 +1498,4 @@ y5bzp,"ETECH-100 project","Automated blinds for limited mobility people",1,https
    wka3p,"Final Report","Final Report for Impacts 100",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/590fcb94b83f69024f73c657/,95,https://engrxiv.org/wka3p/,10.31224/osf.io/wka3p,,2017-05-08T01:40:17.770853,2018-07-02T10:56:49.486427
    329du,"Is sulfide stress cracking an anodic or a cathodic process?","Is sulfide stress cracking an anodic or a cathodic process? Does hydrogen play a role or is SSC controlled by anodic dissolution?",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/590c67dbb83f69025597aee6/,671,https://engrxiv.org/329du/,10.31224/osf.io/329du,,2017-05-05T11:55:29.195865,2019-10-14T00:00:15.955847
    u4em9,"Virtual classroom project","This project aims to provide students with disabilities the same in class learning experience through virtual reality technology, 360-degree video capture, and the use of Arduino units. These technologies will be combined to facilitate communication between teachers in physical classrooms with students in virtual classrooms. The goal is to provide a person who is affected by a disability (which makes it hard to be in a traditional classroom) the same benefits of a safe and interactive learning environment.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/590b983db83f69024db02740/,329,https://engrxiv.org/u4em9/,10.31224/osf.io/u4em9,,2017-05-04T21:11:03.067629,2018-07-02T10:56:48.719540
    53rke,"Evaluating the academic trend of RFID technology based on SCI and SSCI publications from 2001 to 2014","Radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the most influential technologies of the twenty-first century. Today, RFID technology is being applied in a wide array of disciplines in science research and industrial projects. The significant impact of RFID is clearly visible by the rate of academic publications in the last few years. This article surveys the literature to evaluate the trend of RFID technology development based on academic publications from 2001 to 2014. Both bibliometric and content analyses are applied to examine this topic in SCI-Index and SSCI-Index documents. Based on the bibliometric technique, all 5159 existing RFID documents are investigated and several important factors are reviewed, including contributions by country, organizations, funding agencies, journal title, authors, research area and Web of Science category. Moreover, content analysis is applied to the top 100 most cited documents and based on their contents, these top 100 documents are classified into four different categories with each category divided in several sub-categories. This research aims to identify the best source of the most cited RFID papers and to provide a comprehensive road map for the future research and development in the field of RFID technology in both academic and industrial settings. Six key findings from this review are (1) the experimental method is the most popular research methodology, (2) RFID research has been a hot area of investigation but will branch out into related subset areas, (3) South East Asia is positioned to dominate this research space, (4) the focus of research up to now has been on technical issues rather than business and management issues, (5) research on RFID application domains will spread beyond supply chain and health care to a number of different areas, and (6) more research will be related to policy issues such as security and privacy.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/590a7728594d900253541262/,690,https://engrxiv.org/53rke/,10.31224/osf.io/53rke,10.1007/s11192-016-2095-y,2017-05-04T00:37:51.104480,2018-07-02T10:56:47.027259
    4brfa,"Etech 100 Final Semester Project","Mechanical Design and assisting of those who need it most. Our design is for an individual who either has a prosthetic hand/arm or who has lost nerve feeling in their fingers. Resulting prototype, an RGB LED grip pressure feedback glove.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/590a3f6d9ad5a1024f79c3a4/,337,https://engrxiv.org/4brfa/,10.31224/osf.io/4brfa,,2017-05-03T20:42:15.774652,2018-07-02T10:56:46.779299
    mgn4x,"Etech final paper","Summary of what we did as a group for our project",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5909d9bc594d90025553ce1c/,208,https://engrxiv.org/mgn4x/,10.31224/osf.io/mgn4x,,2017-05-03T13:24:15.192466,2018-07-02T10:56:45.977884
    b4yhz,Oscar,"Our idea is an invention that keeps a plant watered for people who are forgetful, who are away from home a lot, or for plants that require specific amounts of water.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5909d98d594d90025553ce0e/,61,https://engrxiv.org/b4yhz/,10.31224/osf.io/b4yhz,,2017-05-03T13:25:15.202833,2018-07-02T10:56:45.931772
    pmh9u,"Mechanical arm final paper","Muscular dystrophy is a disease that debilitates the muscle function of those afflicted with the disease. While it is a terminal condition, the early stages still prove to be a struggle. By weakening grip, strength, and reach, early muscular dystrophy makes it difficult for those with the disease to do everyday tasks. Our project is a solves these problems by giving those with muscular dystrophy a lightweight arm with a claw that opens and closes with a switch. This gives them an extended reach and relatively strong grip while minimizing strain on their arms.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/59096078594d90025553b4e7/,292,https://engrxiv.org/pmh9u/,10.31224/osf.io/pmh9u,,2017-05-03T04:47:38.929138,2018-07-02T10:56:45.693584
    qcdf3,"Internal Lighting Alarm System for the Hearing Impaired","Those who are hard of hearing face challenges in their daily lives in answering audio alarms around them. The most common technologies for those with hearing disabilities are products that provide stimulus to the remaining senses to gain the user's attention and convey outside stimuli. The main problem with most of these available lighting technologies is that they usually indicate only specific stimuli such as a knock and only in one space such as the front door. Our technology seeks to bridge that gap between in-home alarms in appliances, like Microwave timers, and the lack of assistive technology available for those who are hard of hearing.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/59089cacb83f69024ca8a56a/,235,https://engrxiv.org/qcdf3/,10.31224/osf.io/qcdf3,,2017-05-02T14:58:20.147722,2018-07-02T10:56:45.421615
    teky2,"Final Report on The Simon Project","Simon game that will help people with muscular disability. have more fun doing there daily muscle workout by playing a game instead of doing something very repetitive. our game is more unique then a normal Simon game as you can put the buttons which are on stands that you can put anywhere.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5907fc599ad5a1024e7922ce/,198,https://engrxiv.org/teky2/,10.31224/osf.io/teky2,,2017-05-02T03:46:42.914588,2018-07-02T10:56:45.085521
    ahytm,"PIll Dispenser Alert System","A pill dispensing system that has an annoying alarm to make sure the user has to get up to take their pills",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5907b8fc9ad5a102507933b5/,283,https://engrxiv.org/ahytm/,10.31224/osf.io/ahytm,,2017-05-01T22:41:09.178677,2018-07-02T10:56:45.028336
    qj65n,"Materials and Corrosion Trends in Offshore and Subsea Oil and Gas Production","The ever-growing energy demand requires the exploration and the safe, profitable exploitation of unconventional reserves. The extreme environments of some of these unique prospects challenge the boundaries of traditional engineering alloys as well as our understanding of the underlying degradation mechanisms that could lead to a failure. Despite their complexity, high-pressure and high-temperature, deep- and ultra-deep, pre-salt, and Arctic reservoirs represent the most important source of innovation regarding materials technology, design methodologies, and corrosion control strategies.

    This paper provides an overview of trends in materials and corrosion research and development, with focus on subsea production but applicable to the entire industry. Emphasis is given to environmentally assisted cracking of high strength alloys and advanced characterization techniques based on in situ electrochemical nanoindentation and cantilever bending testing for the study of microstructure-environment interactions.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/59037c009ad5a10252332fce/,2106,https://engrxiv.org/qj65n/,10.31224/osf.io/qj65n,10.1038/s41529-017-0003-4,2017-04-28T17:35:48.977222,2019-10-14T00:00:15.874296
    k736s,"On the mechanism of protein-templated gold nanoparticle synthesis: Protein organization, controlled gold sequestration, and unexpected reaction products.","Emerging applications that exploit the properties of nanoparticles for biotechnology require that the nanoparticles be biocompatible or support biological recognition. These types of particles can be produced through syntheses that involve biologically relevant molecules (proteins or natural extracts, for example). Many of the protocols that rely on these molecules are performed without a clear understanding of the mechanism by which the materials are produced. We describe a single-pot reaction in which protein-templated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are produced as either solution-suspended colloids or as colloids formed within a solid, fibrous protein structure. We have investigated the mechanism for this process by detailing the reaction kinetics and outcomes through the use of 7 different proteins over a range of concentrations and temperatures. The key factor that controls the synthetic outcome (colloid or fiber) is the concentration of the protein relative to the gold concentration. We find that the observed fibrous structures are more likely to form at low protein concentrations and when hydrophilic proteins are used. An analysis of the reaction kinetics shows that AuNP formation occurs faster at lower protein (fiber-forming) concentrations than at higher protein (colloid-forming) concentrations. These results contradict expectations for reaction kinetics and protein-fiber formation, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the mechanism by which biomolecules can facilitate nanoparticle synthesis. As the protein properties that influence this mechanism are better recognized, researchers will be able to better utilize proteins to generate geometry-controlled AuNPs.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5900ef04b83f6902514841fc/,672,https://engrxiv.org/k736s/,10.31224/osf.io/k736s,,2017-04-26T19:15:33.550287,2018-07-02T10:55:53.674033
    aze4p,"Feedback-Capacity of Degraded Gaussian Vector BC using Directed Information and Concave Envelopes","It is known that the capacity region of a two user physically degraded discrete memoryless (DM) broadcast
    channel (BC) is not enlarged by feedback. An identical result holds true for a physically degraded Gaussian BC,
    established later using a variant of the Entropy Power Inequality (EPI). In this paper, we extend the latter result
    to a physically degraded Gaussian Vector BC (PD-GVBC). However, the extension is not EPI based, but employs a
    recent result on the factorization of concave envelopes. While the existing concave envelope factorization results do
    not hold in the presence of feedback, we show that factorizing the corresponding directed information quantities
    suffice to attain the feedback capacity region of a PD-GVBC. Our work demonstrates that factorizing concave
    envelopes of directed information can handle situations involving feedback. We further show that the capacity
    region of a discrete memoryless reversely physically degraded BC is not enlarged by feedback.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58f47a0d594d90024fbd6215/,666,https://engrxiv.org/aze4p/,10.31224/osf.io/aze4p,,2017-04-17T08:23:09.219669,2018-07-02T10:55:50.374133
    d3bxp,"Matching Media Contents with User Profiles by means of the Dempster-Shafer Theory","The media industry is increasingly personalizing the offering of contents in attempt to better target the audience. This requires to analyze the relationships that goes established between users and content they enjoy, looking at one side to the content characteristics and on the other to the user profile, in order to find the best match between the two. In this paper we suggest to build that relationship using the Dempster-Shafer's Theory of Evidence, proposing a reference model and illustrating its properties by means of a toy example. Finally we suggest possible applications of the model for tasks that are common in the modern media industry.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58ea87be594d9002520b0d92/,687,https://engrxiv.org/d3bxp/,10.31224/osf.io/d3bxp,,2017-04-09T19:24:41.726429,2018-07-02T10:55:48.223706
    4utb2,"Toward 3D printed hydrogen storage materials made with ABS-MOF composites","The push to advance efficient, renewable, and clean energy sources has brought with it an effort to generate materials that are capable of storing hydrogen. Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) have been the focus of many such studies as they are categorized for their large internal surface areas. We have addressed one of the major shortcomings of MOFs (their processibility) by creating and 3D printing a composite of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and MOF-5, a prototypical MOF, which is often used to benchmark H2 uptake capacity of other MOFs. The ABS-MOF-5 composites can be printed at MOF-5 compositions of 10% and below. Other physical and mechanical properties of the polymer (glass transition temperature, stress and strain at the breaking point, and Young’s modulus) either remain unchanged or show some degree of hardening due to the interaction between the polymer and the MOF. We do observe some MOF-5 degradation through the blending process, likely due to the ambient humidity through the purification and solvent casting steps. Even with this degradation, the MOF still retains some of its ability to uptake H2, seen in the ability of the composite to uptake more H2 than the pure polymer. The experiments and results described here represent a significant first step toward 3D printing MOF-5-based materials for H2 storage.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58e79c25b83f69024f4ff9de/,1265,https://engrxiv.org/4utb2/,10.31224/osf.io/4utb2,,2017-04-07T14:15:56.250645,2018-07-02T10:55:47.557171
    wepn7,"X-57 Power and Command System Design","This paper describes the power and command system architecture of the X‑57 Maxwell flight demonstrator aircraft. The X-57 is an experimental aircraft designed to demonstrate radically improved aircraft efficiency with a 3.5 times aero-propulsive efficiency gain at a “high‑speed cruise” flight condition for comparable general aviation aircraft. These gains are enabled by integrating the design of a new, optimized wing and a new electric propulsion system. As a result, the X‑57 vehicle takes advantage of the new capabilities afforded by electric motors as primary propulsors. Integrating new technologies into critical systems in experimental aircraft poses unique challenges that require careful design considerations across the entire vehicle system, such as qualification of new propulsors (motors, in the case of the X-57 aircraft), compatibility of existing systems with a new electric power distribution bus, and instrumentation and monitoring of newly qualified propulsion system devices.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58e68c116c613b024ffed274/,1611,https://engrxiv.org/wepn7/,10.31224/osf.io/wepn7,,2017-04-06T19:29:56.949048,2018-07-02T10:55:10.071326
    958tq,"Fundamentals of Low-Pressure Nanofiltration: Membrane Characterization, Modeling, and Understanding the Multi-Ionic Interactions in Water Softening","Recently, a novel class of low-pressure nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes, particularly suited for
    water softening and desalination pretreatment have been fabricated in-house using layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition
    with chemical crosslinking. These membranes can operate at exceedingly low pressures (2 bar),
    while maintaining relatively high rejections of multivalent ions. In spite of their great potential, our understanding
    as to what makes them superior has been limited, demanding further investigation before any
    large-scale implementation can be realized. In this study, the Donnan-Steric Pore Model with dielectric
    exclusion (DSPM-DE) is applied for the first time to these membranes to describe the membrane separation
    performance, and to explain the observed rejection trends, including negative rejection, and their underlying
    multi-ionic interactions. Experiments were conducted on a spectrum of feed chemistries, ranging from
    uncharged solutes to single salts, salt mixtures, and artificial seawater to characterize the membrane and
    accurately predict its performance. Modeling results were validated with experiments, and then used to
    elucidate the working principles that underlie the low-pressure softening process. An approach based on
    sensitivity analysis shows that the membrane pore dielectric constant, followed by the pore size, are primarily
    responsible for the selectively high rejections of the NF membranes to multivalent ions. Surprisingly,
    the softening process is found to be less sensitive to changes in membrane charge density. Our findings
    demonstrate that the unique ability of these membranes to exclusively separate multivalent ions from the
    solution, while allowing monovalent ions to permeate, is key to making this low-pressure softening process
    realizable.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58e2cd926c613b022b681549/,999,https://engrxiv.org/958tq/,10.31224/osf.io/958tq,10.1016/j.memsci.2016.08.062,2017-04-03T22:39:06.953248,2018-07-02T10:55:08.157628
    3hv82,"Verified type-checker for Jolie","Jolie is a service-oriented programming language which comes with the formal speci cation of its type system. However, there is no tool to ensure that programs in Jolie are well-typed. In this paper we provide the results of building a type checker for Jolie as a part of its syntax and semantics formal model. We ex- press the type checker as a program with dependent types in Agda proof assistant which helps to ascertain that the type checker is correct.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58b896186c613b01f808d63c/,862,https://engrxiv.org/3hv82/,10.31224/osf.io/3hv82,,2017-03-02T22:04:13.699000,2018-07-02T10:45:12.162527
    h5dru,"Effects of oil and water contamination on natural gas engine combustion processes","Abundant availability and potential for lower emissions are drivers for increased utilization of natural gas in automotive engines for transportation applications. A novel bimodal engine has been developed that allows on-board refueling of natural gas by utilizing the engine as a compressor. Engine compression however, results in altering the initial state of the natural gas. Increase in temperature and addition of oil are two key effects attributed to the onboard refueling process. A secondary effect is the presence of water in the natural gas supply line. This study investigates the effect of upstream conditions of natural gas on three parameters: autoignition temperature, ignition delay, and laminar flame speed. These parameters play key roles in the engine combustion process. Parametric studies are conducted by varying the initial mixture temperature, water, and oil content in the fuel. The studies utilize numerical simulations conducted with detailed chemistry for natural gas with n-heptane used as a surrogate for oil. Water addition to natural gas at 1–5% by volume did not result in any major changes in the combustion processes, other than a slight reduction in laminar flame speeds. Oil addition of 1–5% by volume reduced autoignition temperature by 5–10% and ignition delay by 27–95% depending on the initial temperature. Sensitivity analysis showed that this was likely due to decrease in the sensitivity of two recombination reactions with oil addition. Evolution profiles of key radical species also showed increasing mole fraction of the hydroperoxy radical at lower temperature that likely aids in reducing the ignition delay. Oil addition resulted in a relatively small increase in the laminar flame speed of 1.7% along with an increase in the adiabatic flame temperature. These results help inform the combustion process and performance to be expected from the bimodal engine.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58b59bd16c613b01f2fd3df1/,1039,https://engrxiv.org/h5dru/,10.31224/osf.io/h5dru,10.1016/j.jngse.2017.02.038,2017-02-28T15:53:27.533000,2018-07-02T10:49:13.148976
    pdzss,"Assistive Technology for Freshmen Design and K-12 Outreach","This Work in Progress paper presents on the design of project-based learning approach focused on assistive technology as applied in a freshmen level engineering course which also integrates outreach with the local K12 system. The university course targets general education topics as well as an introductory engineering design experience and includes content on the engineering design process, societal implications of engineering design, and a participatory lab-based design project. A partnering class of 5th graders from a local elementary school made use of a daily block of time set aside for academic interventions and individual project-based work to collaborate with the university class. A qualitative assessment was conducted and has thus far has revealed that the university students found the assistive technology theme of the semester-long design project to be meaningful. For the K12 students, the survey results and anecdotal observations suggest that we were only moderately successful in constructing a meaningful and purposeful design experience, from their perspective.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/589b57e36c613b01ef05154b/,891,https://engrxiv.org/pdzss/,10.31224/osf.io/pdzss,,2017-02-08T17:43:06.306000,2018-07-02T10:51:47.377193
    6r94n,"Exploring, Documenting, and Improving Humanitarian Service Learning through Engineers Without Borders USA","Exploring, Documenting, and Improving Humanitarian Service Learning through Engineers without Borders-USA is a four-year project exploring a variety of challenges and opportunities in university-based service learning programs. Specifically, this project looks holistically at the inception and evolution of a new Engineers Without Borders USA chapter, while analyzing characteristics, values, and demographics of individuals involved in EWB community-based humanitarian projects in multiple chapters. Further, it examines the social, cultural, and professional interactions and exchanges between and among EWB members and community stakeholders in EWB projects, examining several projects from a variety of chapters across the country.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/589b550cb83f6901f980d144/,721,https://engrxiv.org/6r94n/,10.31224/osf.io/6r94n,,2017-02-08T17:32:17.856000,2018-07-02T10:46:29.194781
    2zcj3,"Open science and the future university researcher","This white paper was written as a contribution to the “Imagining Tomorrow’s University: Rethinking scholarship, education, and institu- tions for an open, networked era” workshop, a joint NIH/NSF-funded event held 8–9 March 2017 in Rosemont, IL. In this paper, I present an overview of what I consider open science, its importance, and how it plays a role in my research agenda. I also discuss challenges faced in pursuing research openness, and recommend changes to university leaders to address these barriers.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58996f96b83f6901f00f8f14/,878,https://engrxiv.org/2zcj3/,10.31224/osf.io/2zcj3,,2017-02-07T06:59:36.414000,2018-07-02T10:45:09.960560
    f83n3,"Open Research, Open Engineering, and the Role of the University in Society","This is a white paper submitted as part of the joint NIH/NSF-funded event, ""Imagining Tomorrow’s University: Rethinking scholarship, education, and institutions for an open, networked era"", to be held March 8th and 9th in Rosemont, IL. In this paper I present my personal (not my employer's) thoughts and reflections on the role that open research can play in defining the purpose and activities of the university. I have made some specific recommendations on how I believe the public university can recommit and push the boundaries of its role as the creator and promoter of public knowledge. In doing so, serving a vital role to the continued economic, social, and technological development of society. I have also included some thoughts on how this applies specifically to my field of engineering and how a culture of openness and sharing within the engineering community can help drive societal development.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5894c679594d9001faed25fa/,936,https://engrxiv.org/f83n3/,10.31224/osf.io/f83n3,,2017-02-03T18:07:53.385000,2018-07-02T10:49:06.432966
    zrx9s,"Global Engineering Projects from the Young African Leaders Initiative","In this paper several projects that integrate globalization issues into undergraduate engineering and technology coursework are discussed.

    The Mandela Washington Fellowship for Young African Leaders brings African entrepreneurs to United States campuses for six weeks every summer, providing an excellent opportunity to identify potential clients for global engineering class projects. Many of the fellows could benefit from having access to engineering skills to grow their businesses. The university’s engineering faculty partnered with fellows on projects in freshman Impacts of Engineering, junior Lean Manufacturing, and senior Capstone Design classes. Projects have included conceptual product design, detailed product design, process selection, manufacturing equipment design, and facilities design. Several engineering and technology majors have participated in the projects. The highlight is a micro-hydroelectric generator design project spanning several classes and semesters.

    The projects are similar to traditional class projects and cover all existing course objectives. Students are also required to research and apply international standards, including product, safety and facility standards. Students also must consider the appropriate level of technology, humanitarian engineering aspects, and societal impact of the design. Assessment of the international component of one project allows programs to evaluate performance indicators on the global and societal impact of designs as part of ABET Outcome H assessment. The projects are also part of a larger humanitarian engineering initiative at the institution, and are assessed through surveys for that initiative.

    Submitted to the 2017 ASEE Annual Conference",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/588bb384b83f6901efa69883/,724,https://engrxiv.org/zrx9s/,10.31224/osf.io/zrx9s,,2017-01-27T20:59:07.512000,2018-07-02T10:55:06.807051
    5uyac,"Intrusion Detection System for Applications using Linux Containers","Linux containers are gaining increasing traction in both individual and industrial use, and as these containers get integrated into mission-critical systems, real-time detection of malicious cyber attacks becomes a critical operational requirement. This paper introduces a real-time host-based intrusion detection system that can be used to passively detect malfeasance against applications within Linux containers running in a standalone or in a cloud multi-tenancy environment. The demonstrated intrusion detection system uses bags of system calls monitored from the host kernel for learning the behavior of an application running within a Linux container and determining anomalous container behavior. Performance of the approach using a database application was measured and results are discussed.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58683944594d9001faa44e29/,1218,https://engrxiv.org/5uyac/,10.31224/osf.io/5uyac,10.1007/978-3-319-24858-5_8,2016-12-31T23:32:41.125000,2018-07-02T10:46:25.957468
    3xew7,"Experimental Analysis of Surgical Tool Force Requirements","Through the use of a cadaveric porcine model, forces necessary for manipulation of the abdominal organs were evaluated using an instrumented probe. Additionally, forces for tissue puncture, knot tightening, and suture breakage have been measured in order to determine the requirements placed upon the design of novel robotic surgical tools. The break forces for a variety of suture sizes and types were evaluated including sizes 3-0 through 7-0 polypropylene, size 1 polybutestor, size 4-0 chromic gut, and size 6-0 braided polyester. Tests of the tissue puncture force and knot tightening forces were carried out using the same instrumented probe, while the suture break forces were measured using a tension testing machine. The measured forces were found to compare well against the literature and provide a good basis from which to design robotic surgical tools with the appropriate capabilities.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58589618594d9001ffa4437a/,810,https://engrxiv.org/3xew7/,10.31224/osf.io/3xew7,,2016-12-20T02:26:36.430000,2018-07-02T10:45:14.404881
    4z4xw,"Algorithmic Manifold and Application to P versus NP Problem","About P versus NP problem, it has been studied for long time. Recent literature has shown that the existing proof method using the diagonal argument or the circuit complexity is not effective. On the other hand, as another approach, calculation of time complexity based on the geometric method is also performed, but it is limited to the quantum algorithm, and it is an application example to the existing method of lower band derivation of quantum circuit complexity, it is essentially unchanged.
    　In this paper, I introduce algorithmic manifolds that explain algorithms by geometric method and show that they are topologically homogeneous with respect to P versus NP problem. And I will also discuss polynomial-time reduction method of NP problem for class P.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5854ce52594d9000461a26e7/,853,https://engrxiv.org/4z4xw/,10.31224/osf.io/4z4xw,,2016-12-17T05:49:42.008000,2018-07-02T10:46:23.395216
    63nq7,"A new method to simulate acidic gas sweetening on a laboratory scale","In this article, a new testing equipment and protocol in order to evaluate acid gas scavengers for direct chemical injection into gas pipelines is described. The testing protocol address several shortcomings in previous accepted tests which did not take into account the formation of a spray of the product, or tested the product in its final formulation.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/584fb2316c613b021100a98f/,1836,https://engrxiv.org/63nq7/,10.31224/osf.io/63nq7,,2016-12-13T08:37:24.747000,2018-07-02T10:46:26.919459
    y2x28,"Engenharia de Reabilitação: Mão Antropomórfica Controlada por Sinais Eletromiográficos","This article proposes to initiate studies to create a robotic device for people with hand amputation, to a certain degree of the upper limb at the level of the elbow, controlled by muscle stimuli captured by electromyographic sensors. The main objective of this study was to collect the characteristics of the EMG signals for pre stipulated movements, recognizing the patterns of these movements by Artificial Neural Network, to develop a prosthetic model that intentionally involves the anthropomorphism of the hand, with respect to functional, that is, able to move So that if similar or close to the human hand.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5846fd166c613b01ffc410bc/,935,https://engrxiv.org/y2x28/,10.31224/osf.io/y2x28,,2016-12-06T18:07:22.155000,2018-07-02T10:55:02.244611
    gq8ta,"Automatic Page-Turning Mechanism with Near-Field Electroadhesive Force for Linearly Correctable Imaging","Recently, demand for digitization of books has increased in tandem with the
    spread of portable devices for electronic books. However, in a number of
    invented book-scanning devices, pages are turned manually by users, or
    pricey three-dimensional cameras are needed for image correction. Our
    automatic page-turning mechanism employs near-field electroadhesive force
    to turn a single page. As the near-field electroadhesive force on the
    closest sheet of paper is far stronger than that on the second, only a
    single sheet of paper can be lifted. Using Fourier series expansion, we
    prove that regardless of the geometrical configuration of electrodes, the
    force ratio on the closest to the second is dominantly controlled by the
    period of the configuration. Based on this, a novel electrode configuration
    is designed aiming to give higher force ratio than the conventional
    interdigital patterns. The advantage of our mechanism in image processing
    is that perspective correction is compatible with our mechanism, hence not
    requiring devices for acquiring 3-D information to reconstruct images. Our
    automatic page-turning mechanism with a fair success rate and the reduced
    number of components shows that it is a promising method for automatic
    low-cost book-scanning devices.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5844e1e2b83f69004182407f/,1291,https://engrxiv.org/gq8ta/,10.31224/osf.io/gq8ta,,2016-12-05T03:41:17.271000,2018-07-02T10:49:11.892915
    utnnu,"Low-cost methodology for skin strain measurement of a flexed biological limb","*Objective:* The purpose of this manuscript is to compute skin strain data
    from a flexed biological limb, using portable, inexpensive, and
    easily-available resources. *Methods:* We apply and evaluate this approach
    on a person with bi-lateral transtibial amputations, imaging left and right
    residual limbs in extended and flexed knee postures. We map 3D deformations
    to a flexed biological limb using freeware and a simple point-and-shoot
    camera. Mean principal strain, maximum shear strain, as well as lines of
    maximum, minimum, and non-extension are computed from 3D digital models to
    inform directional mappings of the strain field for an unloaded residual
    limb.

    *Results:* Peak tensile strains are ~ 0.3 on the anterior surface of the
    knee in the proximal region of the patella, whereas peak compressive
    strains are ~ -0.5 on the posterior surface of the knee. Peak maximum shear
    strains are ~ 0.3 on the posterior surface of the knee. The accuracy and
    precision of this methodology are assessed for a ground truth model. The
    mean point location distance is found to be 0.08 cm, and the overall
    standard deviation for point location difference vectors is 0.05 cm.

    *Conclusion:* This low-cost and mobile methodology may prove critical for
    applications such as the prosthetic socket interface where whole-limb skin
    strain data are required from patients in the field outside of traditional,
    large-scale clinical centers.

    *Significance:* Such data may inform the design of wearable technologies
    that directly interface with human skin.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/58237e316c613b004de44e5c/,1096,https://engrxiv.org/utnnu/,10.31224/osf.io/utnnu,10.1109/TBME.2016.2626442,2016-11-09T19:51:05.145000,2018-07-02T10:53:43.624756
    v2gj9,"Short-Term Load Forecasting of Active and Reactive Powers in Small Scales using LASSO-Integrated Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Networks","Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is important for power system planning and optimization, especially in the dynamic environment of smart grid. Traditional load forecasting is implemented at substation levels to predict the upcoming active power and optimal system settings. In more advanced smart grid applications, e.g. the Volt-VAR Control, small-scale load forecasting opens up new opportunities in coordinating distributed resources such as distributed generation (DG) with utilities' efficiency missions. This paper proposes a STLF approach for small residential blocks with 10-12 households. The Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network (NAR-NN) is employed to predict hour-ahead active (P) and reactive (Q) powers with a moving window of training data. The regressor shrinkage technique, LASSO, is used to improve the selection of the regressors in the NAR-NN model by removing insignificant input features. The results show the forecasting performance could be enhanced by ~20% comparing to feed-forward Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The improvement in forecasting both P & Q could accommodate new smart grid applications in small scales.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57f214536c613b01ed13d178/,1062,https://engrxiv.org/v2gj9/,10.31224/osf.io/v2gj9,,2016-10-03T08:18:25.145000,2018-07-02T10:53:44.245205
    tbpju,"Boost Converter with Harvest Regulator Provides High-Efficiency Power Compression for Bio-Hybrid Fuel Cells and Other Weak Energy Sources","Applications for bio-hybrid fuel cells (BHFCs) and other weak energy sources would greatly benefit from highly-efficient power compression that substantially increased the voltage and also allowed intermittent draws of high current. The assumption of a weak energy source necessitates also minimizing parasitic energy draws. We present results for a power compressor composed of a boost converter (variable voltage upconversion), a harvest regulator (matching impedances on the fly), and a bank of low-leakage capacitors (high current draw for short times). The power compressor was not externally powered. Performance was evaluated while connected to two direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) in series, for periods of 3 and 10 days. The DEFCs' design was not optimized for power. They were non-flowing, room-temperature, air-cathode, PtRu/Pt units, which simulated the output of small BHFCs. The power compressor automatically kept the DEFCs close to the voltage yielding maximum power output, which was 400 mV for two DEFCs in series. The output voltage of the capacitor bank was repeatedly raised to 10.25 V and then discharged to 5 V through a resistor. Energy efficiency of the power compressor was uniformly 50%, except for very weak input power.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57eeb7326c613b01f113d889/,694,https://engrxiv.org/tbpju/,10.31224/osf.io/tbpju,,2016-09-30T19:04:14.424000,2018-07-02T10:52:10.058565
    hmv6e,"On the Importance of 3D, Geometrically Accurate, and Subject-Specific Finite Element Analysis for Evaluation of in-Vivo Soft Tissue Loads","Pressure ulcers are a type of local soft tissue injury due to sustained
    mechanical loading and remain a common issue in patient care. People with
    spinal cord injury (SCI) are especially at risk of pressure ulcers due to
    impaired mobility and sensory perception. The development of load improving
    support structures relies on realistic tissue load evaluation e.g. using
    finite element analysis (FEA). FEA requires realistic subject-specific
    mechanical properties and geometries. This study focuses on the effect of
    geometry. MRI is used for the creation of geometrically accurate models of
    the human buttock for three able-bodied volunteers and three volunteers
    with SCI. The effect of geometry on observed internal tissue deformations
    for each subject is studied by comparing FEA findings for equivalent
    loading conditions. The large variations found between subjects confirms
    the importance of subject-specific FEA.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57e033efb83f69004311c6be/,1071,https://engrxiv.org/hmv6e/,10.31224/osf.io/hmv6e,,2016-09-19T18:52:28.378000,2018-07-02T10:51:03.244006
    kcm4e,"On-line liquid quench sampling and UV-Vis spectroscopy for tar measurements in wood gasification process gases","In biomass gasification processes, the formation and handling of tars are of major concern. Robust and versatile analytical tools are needed to on-line monitor tar compound concentrations in process gases from lab- to industrial scale. This study addresses the development and application of an on-line UV-Vis method, based on a liquid quench sampling system. The high sensitivity of this method allows to detect UV-Vis active tar compounds in the low ppmv region. Recorded spectra from the liquid phase were analyzed for their tar composition by means of a classical least squares (CLS) and partial least squares (PLS) approach. The developed method was applied to two case studies, involving a lab-scale tar reformer and a pilot-scale gas scrubber. Quantification results in gases with limited complexity in tar composition showed good agreement with off-line reference methods (GC-FID). The case studies show that the developed method is a rapid, sensitive tool that can be applied for qualitative process monitoring with the added benefit of quantification in gases with a limited number of tar compounds.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57dd4596594d9001e61ee089/,1165,https://engrxiv.org/kcm4e/,10.31224/osf.io/kcm4e,,2016-09-17T13:31:00.495000,2018-07-02T10:51:08.095304
    ucjdv,"Design of an Optoelectronic State Machine with integrated BDD based Optical logic","In this paper I demonstrate a novel design for an optoelectronic State Machine which replaces input/output forming logic found in conventional state machines with BDD based optical logic while still using solid state memory in the form of flip-flops in order to store states. This type of logic makes use of waveguides and ring resonators to create binary switches. These switches in turn can be used to create combinational logic which can be used as input/output forming logic for a state machine. Replacing conventional combinational logic with BDD based optical logic allows for a faster range of state machines that can certainly outperform conventional state machines as propagation delays within the logic described are in the order of picoseconds as opposed to nanoseconds in digital logic.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57db96926c613b01df0578b5/,856,https://engrxiv.org/ucjdv/,10.31224/osf.io/ucjdv,,2016-09-16T06:52:01.511000,2018-07-02T10:52:12.669819
    s47fh,"Detailed effects of a diesel particulate filter on the reduction of chemical species emissions","Diesel particulate filters are designed to reduce the
    mass emissions of diesel particulate matter and have
    been proven to be effective in this respect. Not much is
    known, however, about their effects on other
    unregulated chemical species. This study utilized source
    dilution sampling techniques to evaluate the effects of a
    catalyzed diesel particulate filter on a wide spectrum of
    chemical emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine.
    The species analyzed included both criteria and
    unregulated compounds such as particulate matter
    (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC),
    inorganic ions, trace metallic compounds, elemental and
    organic carbon (EC and OC), polycyclic aromatic
    hydrocarbons (PAHs), and other organic compounds.
    Results showed a significant reduction for the emissions
    of PM mass, CO, HC, metals, EC, OC, and PAHs.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c592f4b83f6901e5555f48/,861,https://engrxiv.org/s47fh/,10.31224/osf.io/s47fh,10.4271/2008-01-0333,2016-08-30T14:09:18.007000,2018-07-02T10:52:07.005708
    f9tm8,"Investigation of the LTC fuel performance index for oxygenated reference fuel blends","A new metric for ranking the suitability of fuels in LTC engines was recently introduced, based on the fraction of potential fuel savings achieved in the FTP-75 light-duty vehicle driving cycle. In the current study, this LTC fuel performance index was calculated computationally and analyzed for a number of fuel blends comprised of n-heptane, isooctane, toluene, and ethanol in various combinations and ratios corresponding to octane numbers from 0 to 100. In order to calculate the LTC index for each fuel, computational driving cycle simulations were first performed using a typical light-duty passenger vehicle, providing pairs of engine speed and load points. Separately, for each fuel blend considered, single-zone naturally aspirated HCCI engine simulations with a compression ratio of 9.5 were performed in order to determine the operating envelopes. These results were combined to determine the varying improvement in fuel economy offered by fuels, forming the basis for the LTC fuel index. The resulting fuel performance indices ranged from 36.4 for neat n-heptane (PRF0) to 9.20 for a three-component blend of n-heptane, isooctane, and ethanol (ERF1). For the chosen engine and chosen conditions, in general lower-octane fuels performed better, resulting in higher LTC fuel index values; however, the fuel performance index correlated poorly with octane rating for less-reactive, higher-octane fuels.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c3c4b39ad5a101e8145ad1/,894,https://engrxiv.org/f9tm8/,10.31224/osf.io/f9tm8,,2016-08-29T05:14:22.249000,2018-07-02T10:49:06.677971
    zd9tc,"A novel fuel performance index for low-temperature combustion engines based on operating envelopes in light-duty driving cycle simulations","Low-temperature combustion (LTC) engine concepts such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) offer the potential of improved efficiency and reduced emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulates. However, engines can only successfully operate in HCCI mode for limited operating ranges that vary depending on the fuel composition. Unfortunately, traditional ratings such as octane number (ON) poorly predict the auto-ignition behavior of fuels in such engine modes, and metrics recently proposed for HCCI engines have areas of improvement when wide ranges of fuels are considered. In this study, a new index for ranking fuel suitability for LTC engines was defined, based on the fraction of potential fuel savings achieved in the federal test procedure (FTP-75) light-duty vehicle driving cycle. Driving cycle simulations were performed using a typical light-duty passenger vehicle, providing pairs of engine speed and load points. Separately, single-zone naturally aspirated HCCI engine simulations were performed for a variety of fuels in order to determine the operating envelopes for each. These results were combined to determine the varying improvement in fuel economy offered by fuels, forming the basis for a fuel performance index. Results showed that, in general, lower octane fuels performed better, resulting in higher LTC fuel index values; however, ON alone did not predict fuel performance.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c3c47e9ad5a101e8145acf/,850,https://engrxiv.org/zd9tc/,10.31224/osf.io/zd9tc,,2016-08-29T05:13:32.247000,2018-07-02T10:55:06.160043
    jw8n9,"Design, simulation, and testing of a novel micro-channel heat exchanger for natural gas cooling in automotive applications","Micro-channel heat exchangers offer potential for a highly compact solution in heat transfer applications that have space limitations. Mobile applications such as automotive vehicles are one such area. This work presents the design, modeling, simulation and testing of a two-region micro-channel heat exchanger, employing both engine coolant and R134a, for use in an engine that compresses natural gas for on-board refueling at pressures up to 250 bar. The novel design of the micro-channel heat exchanger is presented. Numerical simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent utilizing extrapolation techniques to estimate the pressure drop as a function of flow rate and symmetry methods to investigate heat transfer. Pressure drop was determined experimentally, and heat transfer was investigated through system tests employing the novel engine. Experimental results showed good comparison with corresponding numerical simulations which demonstrated the validity of the applied extrapolation and symmetry methods, enabling considerable reduction in computational cost. The pressure drop, flow distribution, and heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger are discussed.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c281b4b83f6901fdc4a7d1/,1971,https://engrxiv.org/jw8n9/,10.31224/osf.io/jw8n9,,2016-08-28T06:16:17.985000,2018-07-02T10:51:07.033335
    d5fmx,"Generation of Oracle Components from Message Sequence Charts",,1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c1761db83f6901fbc4a70b/,876,https://engrxiv.org/d5fmx/,10.31224/osf.io/d5fmx,,2016-08-27T11:14:35.963000,2018-07-02T10:48:31.209991
    6n85m,"OpenWIM - Open Science and Weigh in Motion Research (Poster Preprint)","
    Although there are many papers publicly available about Weigh-in-Motion, a
    little bit researchers publish their sources and data, which could allow a
    better reproduction of their experiments and results. In this context, the
    Open Science concept can help improve the WIM research through
    collaborative efforts and reproducible methods, using algorithms and data
    with open access.
    The OpenWIM project was born upon this background as an open science
    initiative, to provide a WIM researchers a repository with initial
    structure that can then be converted into a framework for researchers to
    develop and test new methods and technologies.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57bccdf56c613b01ebd93211/,456,https://engrxiv.org/6n85m/,10.31224/osf.io/6n85m,,2016-08-23T22:28:04.653000,2018-07-02T10:46:28.633489
    g8h9n,"Automated and Data-driven Computational Design of Patient-Specific Biomechanical Interfaces","Biomechanical interfaces are mechanical structures that form the connection between a device and a tissue region, and, through appropriate load transfer, aim to minimize tissue discomfort and injury. A patient-specific and data-driven computational framework for the automated design of biomechanical interfaces is presented here. Optimization of the design of biomechanical interfaces is complex since it is affected by the interplay of the geometry and mechanical properties of both the tissue and the interface. The proposed framework is presented for the application of transtibial amputee prostheses where the interface is formed by a prosthetic liner and socket. Conventional socket design and manufacturing is largely artisan, non-standard, and insufficiently data-driven, leading to discrepancies between the quality of sockets produced by different prosthetists. Furthermore, current prosthetic liners are often not patient-specific. The proposed framework involves: A) non-invasive imaging to record patient geometry, B) indentation to assess tissue mechanical properties, C) data-driven and automated creation of patient-specific designs, D) patient-specific finite element analysis (FEA) and design evaluation, and finally E) computer aided manufacturing. Uniquely, the FEA procedure controls both the design and mechanical properties of the devices, and simulates, not only the loading during use, but also the pre-load induced by the donning of both the liner and the socket independently. Through FEA evaluation, detailed information on internal and external tissue loading, which are directly responsible for discomfort and injury, are available. Further, these provide quantitative evidence on the implications of design choices, e.g. : 1) alterations in the design can be used to locally enhance or reduce tissue loading, 2) compliant features can aid in relieving local surface pressure. The proposed methods form a patient-specific, data-driven and repeatable design framework for biomechanical interfaces, and by enabling FEA-based optimization reduces the requirement for repeated patient involvement in the currently manual and iterative design process.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57b1e509594d9001ff540628/,967,https://engrxiv.org/g8h9n/,10.31224/osf.io/g8h9n,,2016-08-15T15:53:44.247000,2019-05-05T22:15:14.516166
    ptyhf,"Path Oriented Electric Wheelchair Steering Assistance",,1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/584097c9594d900203c9f37a/,655,https://engrxiv.org/ptyhf/,10.31224/osf.io/ptyhf,,2016-08-14T02:11:06.581000,2018-07-02T10:51:48.588148
    k7fgk,"Assistive Robot to Aid with Catheter Insertion","There is an overlap between those who need to insert a urinary catheter and those who have tremors, such as the elderly or those who have multiple sclerosis. Currently, there are no proposed solutions to aid those with hand tremors insert a catheter comfortably. The shaking motion of a tremor can make catheter insertion painful because the patient will have difficulty inserting the catheter into the small opening of the urethra. If the shaking motion of the tremor was reduced or suppressed, the catheter would enter the body more smoothly and in turn make the cathing process easier and more comfortable. In addition, an automated device would help the patient insert the catheter more steadily into the body. This paper discusses a preliminary idea for an assistive robotic device that would aid with catheter insertion for hand tremor patients. A demonstration was constructed to show how the device is intended to work, and an in depth overview was completed to select the best tremor suppression technique. Finally, further work is discussed on how to move the design forward and prepare the device for testing.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57ae1ba9b83f6901ee6dec76/,941,https://engrxiv.org/k7fgk/,10.31224/osf.io/k7fgk,,2016-08-12T19:02:12.449000,2018-07-02T10:51:07.650149
    j7nrf,"Breast ultrasound tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging for clinical display of anatomy and tumor rendering: Preliminary results","*Abstract*

    *Objective: *To determine the clinical display thresholds of an ultrasound
    tomography (UST) prototype relative to magnetic resonance (MR) for
    comparable visualization of breast anatomy and tumor rendering.

    *Materials and Methods: *The study was compliant with HIPAA, approved by
    the IRB, and performed after obtaining informed consent. Thirty-six women
    were imaged with MR and our UST prototype. The UST scan generated
    reflection, sound speed and attenuation images. The reflection images were
    fused with the components of sound speed and attenuation images that
    achieved thresholds to represent parenchyma and/or solid masses using an
    image arithmetic process. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons of MR
    and UST clinical images were used to identify anatomical similarities, and
    optimized thresholds for tumor shapes and volumes.

    *Results: *Thresholding techniques generated UST images comparable to MR
    for visualizing fibrous stroma, parenchyma, fatty tissues, and tumors, of
    which 25 were cancer and 11 benign. Optimized sound speed thresholds of
    1.46±0.1 km/s and 1.52±0.03 km/s were identified to best represent the
    extent of fibroglandular tissue and solid masses, respectively. An
    arithmetic combination of attenuation images using the threshold of
    0.16±0.04 dB/cm further characterized benign from malignant masses. No
    significant difference in tumor volume was noted between benign or
    malignant masses by UST or MR (p>0.1) using these universal thresholds.

    *Conclusion: *UST demonstrated the ability to image and render breast
    tissues in a manner comparable to MR. Universal UST threshold values appear
    feasible for rendering of the size and distribution of benign and malignant
    tissues without intravenous contrast.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57a0ab1d6c613b01efbf92f0/,874,https://engrxiv.org/j7nrf/,10.31224/osf.io/j7nrf,,2016-08-02T14:15:56.274000,2018-07-02T10:51:04.444052
    wca5h,"Analysis of an approach for detecting arc positions during vacuum arc remelting based on magnetic flux density measurements","Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is a melting process for the production of homogeneous ingots, achieved by applying a direct current to create electrical arcs between the input electrode and the resultant ingot. Arc behavior drives quality of the end product, but no methodology is currently used in VAR furnaces at large scale to track arcs in real time. An arc position sensing (APS) technology was recently developed as a methodology to predict arc locations using magnetic field values measured by sensors. This system couples finite element analysis of VAR furnace magnetostatics with direct magnetic field measurements to predict arc locations. However, the published APS approach did not consider the effect of various practical issues that could affect the magnetic field distribution and thus arc location predictions. In this paper, we studied how altering assumptions made in the finite element model affect arc location predictions. These include the vertical position of the sensor relative to the electrode-ingot gap, a varying electrode-ingot gap size, ingot shrinkage, and the use of multiple sensors rather than a single sensor. Among the parameters studied, only vertical distance between arc and sensor locations causes large sources of error, and should be considered further when applying an APS system. However, averaging the predicted locations from four evenly spaced sensors helps reduce this error to no more than 16 % for a sensor position varying from 0.508 m below and above the electrode-ingot gap height.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/579db02b594d9001fd2fce87/,1153,https://engrxiv.org/wca5h/,10.31224/osf.io/wca5h,,2016-07-31T08:00:42.364000,2018-07-02T10:53:47.753447
    5ybzg,"Path Oriented Powered Wheelchair Navigation Assistance",,1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/579bc49f9ad5a101f1f909d3/,651,https://engrxiv.org/5ybzg/,10.31224/osf.io/5ybzg,,2016-07-29T21:03:26.270000,2018-07-02T10:46:26.380712
    yvz57,"Uniaxial and Biaxial Mechanical Properties of Porcine Linea Alba","Trocar site hernia (or incisional hernia) is a severe complication post
    laparoscopic surgery that is commonly associated with the linea alba.
    However, the few studies on the mechanical properties of the linea alba in
    the literature appear contradictory, possible due to challenges with the
    physical dimensions of samples and variations in protocol. This study
    focuses on the tensile mechanical characterisation of the porcine linea
    alba, as determined by uniaxial and equi-load biaxial testing using
    image-based strain measurement methods. Results show that the linea alba
    demonstrated a non-linear elastic, anisotropic behaviour which is often
    observed in biological soft tissues. The transverse direction (parallel to
    fibres) was found to be approximately 8 times stiffer than the longitudinal
    (cross-fibre) direction under both uniaxial and equi-load biaxial loading.
    The equi-load biaxial tensile tests revealed that contraction could occur
    in the transverse direction despite increasing load, probably due to the
    anisotropy of the tissue. Optical surface marker tracking and digital image
    correlation methods were found to greatly improve the accuracy of stretch
    measurement, resulting in a 75% change in the apparent stiffness compared
    to using strain derived from machine cross-head displacement. Additionally,
    a finite element model of the experiments using a combination of an Ogden
    and fibre exponential power law model for the linea alba was implemented to
    quantify the effect of clamping and tissue dimensions (which are suboptimal
    for tensile testing) on the results. The preliminary model results were
    used to apply a correction factor to the uniaxial experimental data prior
    to inverse optimisation to derive best fit material parameters for the
    fibre reinforced Ogden model. Application of the model to the equi-load
    biaxial case showed some differences compared to the experimental data,
    suggesting a more complex anisotropic model may be necessary to capture
    biaxial behaviour. These results provide an improved assessment of the
    mechanical properties of the porcine linea alba for wound closure and other
    studies.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/579bad33594d9001fa2fcd2d/,1764,https://engrxiv.org/yvz57/,10.31224/osf.io/yvz57,,2016-07-29T19:23:29.631000,2018-07-02T10:55:04.768246
    g356d,"Digital image correlation and finite element modelling as a method to determine mechanical properties of human soft tissue in vivo","The mechanical properties of human soft tissue are crucial for impact
    biomechanics, rehabilitation engineering and surgical simulation.
    Validation of these constitutive models using human data remains
    challenging and often requires the use of non-invasive imaging and inverse
    finite element (FE) analysis. Post processing data from imaging methods
    such as tagged magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be challenging. Digital
    Image Correlation (DIC) however is a relatively straightforward imaging
    method and thus the goal of this study was to assess the use of DIC in
    combination with FE modelling to determine the bulk material properties of
    human soft tissue. Indentation experiments were performed on a silicone gel
    soft tissue phantom. A two camera DIC setup was then used to record the 3D
    surface deformation. The experiment was then simulated using a FE model.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/579ba075b83f6901fe72251a/,595,https://engrxiv.org/g356d/,10.31224/osf.io/g356d,,2016-07-29T18:29:07.681000,2018-07-02T10:49:09.445781
    esjbz,"On Advantages of the Kelvin Mapping in Finite Element Implementations of Deformation Processes","Classical continuum mechanical theories operate on three-dimensional
    Euclidian space using scalar, vector, and tensor-valued quantities usually
    up to the order of four. For their numerical treatment, it is common
    practice to transform the relations into a matrix-vector format. This
    transformation is usually performed using the so-called Voigt mapping. This
    mapping does not preserve tensor character leaving significant room for
    error as stress and strain quantities follow from different mappings and
    thus have to be treated differently in certain mathematical operations.
    Despite its conceptual and notational difficulties having been pointed out,
    the Voigt mapping remains the foundation of most current finite element
    programmes. An alternative is the so-called Kelvin mapping which has
    recently gained recognition in studies of theoretical mechanics. This
    article is concerned with benefits of the Kelvin mapping in numerical
    modelling tools such as finite element software. The decisive difference to
    the Voigt mapping is that Kelvin’s method preserves tensor character, and
    thus the numerical matrix notation directly corresponds to the original
    tensor notation. Further benefits in numerical implementations are that
    tensor norms are calculated identically without distinguishing stress or
    strain-type quantities and tensor equations can be directly transformed
    into matrix equations without additional considerations. The only
    implementational changes are related to a scalar factor in certain finite
    element matrices and hence, harvesting the mentioned benefits comes at very
    little cost.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/579b9fc16c613b01fed26566/,1012,https://engrxiv.org/esjbz/,10.31224/osf.io/esjbz,10.1007/s12665-016-5429-4,2016-07-29T18:26:08.186000,2019-02-04T11:33:27.823835
    657pb,"MULTI-PORT SOLUTION FOR EFFICIENT, LOW-COST OPTICAL SWITCHES",,1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990ef3594d9001f4a8ebf4/,618,https://engrxiv.org/657pb/,10.31224/osf.io/657pb,,2016-07-27T19:43:46.236000,2018-07-02T10:46:27.183495
    ect3w,"Tissue Mechanics as a Predictor for Saccular Aneurysm Rupture","Intracranial saccular aneurysms are highly prevalent in the western world. Although rupture occurs in a only small number of aneurysms, the mortality rate associated with this event is significant. Thus due to the high risk associated with rupture and the risks of rupture repair surgery it is desirable to be able to predict whether a specific aneurysm is likely to rupture or will instead stabilize. Research into aneurysm development has shown that the response cannot be quantified with simple mechanical models alone. It is also necessary to consider growth and remodeling of the tissue constituents and complex geometric stress concentrators as well. Through the production of complete aneurysm development models, it may be possible to enable accurate prediction of aneurysm rupture based on clinically observable measures such as aneurysm geometry and growth rates. This would help to minimize the use of risky and unnecessary repair surgeries for aneurysms which would ultimately stabilize naturally.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990ec49ad5a101ffdeb041/,740,https://engrxiv.org/ect3w/,10.31224/osf.io/ect3w,,2016-07-27T19:42:56.894000,2018-07-02T10:49:03.737939
    6t8bs,"Desktop Load/Deflection Measurement","In order to achieve a low-cost solution for the collection of load/deflection data, a simple device based upon a balance like mechanism and two variable measurements was designed and tested. The device uses a linear variable differential transformer and a potentiometer to determine the load applied to the test specimen and the extension that the specimen exhibits under such a load. Test samples of known characteristics were used in order to provide a basis for gaging the performance of the device against well-established measurement systems. It was found that the slope of the load/deflection curve obtained with this device was within 10 % of the accepted data. This performance is considered reasonable for a device of this nature and several areas for improvement are discussed.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990e7c594d9001f2a8eb5f/,767,https://engrxiv.org/6t8bs/,10.31224/osf.io/6t8bs,,2016-07-27T19:41:47.048000,2018-07-02T10:46:29.436901
    k2fhj,"Design of a Hydraulic Dexterous Manipulator for Minimally Invasive Surgery","The research described here identifies the limitations of existing robotic surgical platforms, which include the balance between the scale of the robot and its manipulability in terms of range of motion, load capacity, and tool capability, then develops a means of overcoming them by taking advantage of fluid power as an enabling technology with its inherent power density and controllability. The approach described here differs significantly from conventional surgical robots in that the robot is embedded within the surgical device itself, whereas in the conventional system, a general-purpose robot is used to manipulate various surgical tools. This is done in order to demonstrate that fluid power can be used advantageously for the design of embedded surgical robotic systems for minimally invasive surgery.

    To enable the design of a fluid powered surgical robot, it was first necessary to identify the design requirements for a robot of this nature as well as the considerations unique to this approach. To this end, a quantification of the necessary load capacity for natural orifice robots was conducted. Further, through a review of the literature in the fields of surgery and robotics, considerations of necessary workspace and limitations for the prevention of tissue damage were explored. The results of these analyses are presented.

    The technologies that comprise this novel surgical robotic system include a hydraulic control valve, actuation units, and an enabling structure. The intended application of these technologies introduced numerous limitations and challenges to the design process. The most stringent of these limitations was that of overall size, due to the realities of patient anatomy, which prevented the use of commercially available hydraulic components. An assemblage of components to achieve the aforementioned design requirements is described including the design of a novel hydraulic control valve to enable manipulation of three actuators using a single valve sized to fit within the working channel of a surgical endoscope.

    The advantage of the described approach is that the device enables greater miniaturization, improves cost effectiveness, and has better ease of mobility. The mobility and the relaxed requirements for operating room cleanliness can be potentially useful for mobile clinics, out-patient clinical settings, and on the battlefield. Being more cost effective and having a small overall size, the robotic assisted surgical devices can be widely deployed, even in rural or other less technology intensive environments. Through careful review of the literature and analytical evaluation of the various proposed concepts, it was possible to arrive at a design that meets the needs of modern surgical interventions while addressing the perceived limitations of existing surgical robotics.

    Through the efforts described in this dissertation, much new information was produced and developments resulted. The considerations of hydraulic power for surgical robots were evaluated and are applicable to other surgical tasks where hydraulic power may be used advantageously. A quantification of the load requirements for surgical robots performing abdominal procedures was produced which will provide a guide for other researchers developing surgical robots. These values are difficult to find in the literature and are a valuable resource for the field. An alternative, simplified model for predicting the behavior of continuum beams under load was developed to provide an inverse formulation for computing beam shape and end loads. This is useful as continuum beams are widely used for minimally invasive surgical manipulators as well as in a wide variety of other applications. Finally, a novel valve concept and two possible designs realizing this concept were developed. These valve designs facilitate control over the three actuators in an antagonistic arrangement. Further, the valve designs enable proportional control of the three actuators at a size scale not commercially available. In summary, the design of a novel hydraulic surgical manipulator as a summation of its parts has been performed. This design demonstrates the feasibility of the fluid power approach to embedded minimally invasive surgical robotics. The pursuit of this research has provided many unique challenges and the work presented here has addressed many of them, as well as laid the foundation for future developments in the application of hydraulic power to the growing field of surgical robotics for minimally invasive surgery.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990e496c613b01f9ecf49d/,960,https://engrxiv.org/k2fhj/,10.31224/osf.io/k2fhj,,2016-07-27T19:40:53.720000,2018-07-02T10:51:07.262765
    mcr5x,"Precision, repeatability and accuracy of Optotrak® optical motion tracking systems","In the field of biomechanics, optical motion tracking systems are commonly used to record human motion and assist in surgical navigation. Recently, motion tracking systems have been used to track implant and bone motion on a micron-level. The present study evaluated four different Optotrak® motion tracking systems to determine the precision, repeatability and accuracy under static testing conditions. The distance between the camera systems and the rigid body, as well as the tilt angle of the rigid body, did affect the resulting precision, repeatability and accuracy of the camera systems. The precision and repeatability, calculated as the within-trial and between-trial standard deviations, respectively, were less than 30 µm; with some configurations producing precision and repeatability less than 1 µm. The accuracy was less than 0.53% of the total displacement for the in-plane motion and less than 1.56% of the total displacement for the out-of-plane motion.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990d1e594d9001eea8eb54/,997,https://engrxiv.org/mcr5x/,10.31224/osf.io/mcr5x,10.1504/IJECB.2009.022862,2016-07-27T19:35:57.464000,2018-07-02T10:51:42.179385
    3ef4r,"Twitter in the engineering classroom","The micro-blogging platform, Twitter, has been employed by some in higher education as a tool for enhanced student engagement. This platform has shown promise as an educational tool for the promotion of critical reading and writing and concise expression of ideas. However, it is unclear in what settings and under what circumstances Twitter can be effectively employed in the engineering classroom. These questions were explored over a multi-semester study of student participation in directed social media discussions within the engineering classroom. The various cohorts of students included in this study were drawn from engineering courses. Comparisons were made between these multiple cohorts on the basis of active engagement in the assigned tasks, performance on homework and examinations, and overall course performance. Through the process of using this practice in the classroom, it was found that there was difficulty encouraging engineering students to participate in Twitter discussions regardless of the incentive provided. Limited evidence was found of greater course achievement correlating with greater participation in Twitter based tasks. It is expected that greater effort is required in familiarizing students with the Twitter platform and increasing their comfort level with asking questions and carrying out discussions in a public forum.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990bb2594d9001f3a8eb93/,701,https://engrxiv.org/3ef4r/,10.31224/osf.io/3ef4r,,2016-07-27T19:29:53.231000,2018-07-02T10:45:11.928723
    kubdw,"A methodology for exploring, documenting, and improving humanitarian service learning in the university","Through the use of service learning in higher education, universities hope to both provide real benefit to the partnering community and allow students to develop a greater understanding of course curriculum, their discipline, and their personal positioning within society. Through these educational activities, service learning seeks to engage students in critical thinking processes while simultaneously achieving a greater sense of civic and social responsibility through targeted participation in meaningful community service activities. However, in practice, service learning can take a variety of forms predicated on technical, cultural, societal, and political constraints. Thus, while some work shows positive effects on students' attitudes, social behaviour, and academic performance, less research has demonstrated long-term community impact. Nor has much research shown that participation in service learning has a long-term impact on students' ethical perspectives and frameworks, and whether those ethical frames carry on to their professional careers. Moreover, as institutions partner with such humanitarian service groups as Engineers Without Borders USA, we know considerably less about the institutional cultures and climates that are developed through such partnerships and how sustainable they are, given those inherent technical, political and cultural limitations. As a first step towards these goals, this paper proposes a methodology for investigating the impacts of service learning activities on both the students and communities involved.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990b396c613b01fbecf47a/,633,https://engrxiv.org/kubdw/,10.31224/osf.io/kubdw,,2016-07-27T19:27:52.678000,2018-07-02T10:51:09.719098
    xjpcm,"Incorporation of liberal education into the engineering curriculum at a polytechnic","Traditional engineering education often falls short when it comes to the inclusion of issues related to social justice, ethics, and globalization. While engineering programs are required to include ethics content for accreditation, most seem to rely primarily on general education electives, providing only a high-level overview and including the bare minimum in the program core. This can lead to an inconsistent student experience and minimal exposure to topics which are critically important for achieving worldwide equity and operating responsibly in the engineering workplace. Given the role that engineers play in economic development, this is unacceptable. It is therefore the responsibility of engineering educators to find a better way to shape the future of the engineering profession. This paper outlines the early efforts at integrating the topics of ethics, social justice, and social responsibility more directly into the engineering curriculum. This is approached from the perspectives of pedagogy, curriculum development, and service learning opportunities. It is within this context that the authors hope to influence students' awareness of and connection to social and environmental issues as well as the ethical frameworks they develop and carry with them into their professional careers. This paper centers around the creation and delivery of a new introductory engineering course combining liberal education topics and introductory engineering topics. This course also includes a substantial design project which incorporates a cultural engagement component through collaboration with international partners. The first offering of this new course revealed that, while some reservations persist, students found value in exploring what it means to be an engineer in a broader global context.",1,https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57990b1cb83f690206b981a4/,1103,https://engrxiv.org/xjpcm/,10.31224/osf.io/xjpcm,10.18260/p.25664,2016-07-27T19:27:19.331000,2018-07-02T10:55:01.232320
    53rke,"Evaluating the academic trend of RFID technology based on SCI and SSCI publications from 2001 to 2014","Radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the most influential technologies of the twenty-first century. Today, RFID technology is being applied in a wide array of disciplines in science research and industrial projects. The significant impact of RFID is clearly visible by the rate of academic publications in the last few years. This article surveys the literature to evaluate the trend of RFID technology development based on academic publications from 2001 to 2014. Both bibliometric and content analyses are applied to examine this topic in SCI-Index and SSCI-Index documents. Based on the bibliometric technique, all 5159 existing RFID documents are investigated and several important factors are reviewed, including contributions by country, organizations, funding agencies, journal title, authors, research area and Web of Science category. Moreover, content analysis is applied to the top 100 most cited documents and based on their contents, these top 100 documents are classified into four different categories with each category divided in several sub-categories. This research aims to i
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    @@ -277,7 +450,7 @@
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    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    @@ -296,9 +469,194 @@
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    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th>Title</th>\n",
    " <th>Abstract</th>\n",
    " <th>status</th>\n",
    " <th>file url</th>\n",
    " <th>Download count</th>\n",
    " <th>URL</th>\n",
    " <th>Preprint DOI</th>\n",
    " <th>Publisher DOI</th>\n",
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    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
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    " <th></th>\n",
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    " <tbody>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>xzg7k</td>\n",
    " <td>Sense- boarding algorithm in superscalar, scal...</td>\n",
    " <td>A new algorithm of data dependencies and ILP i...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5d7bdcf6fcbf44001b...</td>\n",
    " <td>984</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/xzg7k/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/xzg7k</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-09-13 19:42:26.920214</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-09-13 19:42:45.598411</td>\n",
    " <td>65</td>\n",
    " <td>15.138462</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>r4nmy</td>\n",
    " <td>The Disaster Resilience Value of Rooftop Solar...</td>\n",
    " <td>Distributed energy resources can enhance commu...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5baa73319108ce0017...</td>\n",
    " <td>173</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/r4nmy/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/r4nmy</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-10-21 20:33:28.873953</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-10-22 20:13:07.306522</td>\n",
    " <td>27</td>\n",
    " <td>6.407407</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>uv8m7</td>\n",
    " <td>Extracting elastic constitutive parameters usi...</td>\n",
    " <td>This paper implements the Virtual Fields Metho...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5dc0e5eb96af97000d...</td>\n",
    " <td>76</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/uv8m7/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/uv8m7</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-11-05 19:35:00.089207</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-11-05 20:47:21.475876</td>\n",
    " <td>12</td>\n",
    " <td>6.333333</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>vhybk</td>\n",
    " <td>CONSTRUCTION OF A SUPERADOBE DOME</td>\n",
    " <td>Superadobe Technology consists on filling long...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c8a87548df5880016...</td>\n",
    " <td>1562</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/vhybk/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/vhybk</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-03-14 17:01:24.785285</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-03-18 23:06:44.171462</td>\n",
    " <td>248</td>\n",
    " <td>6.298387</td>\n",
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    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>m3ycp</td>\n",
    " <td>Dimensional Analysis: Overview and application...</td>\n",
    " <td>Dimensional Analysis is a long-established too...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5dc669b4a1cd9e000b...</td>\n",
    " <td>45</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/m3ycp/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/m3ycp</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-11-09 13:29:30.843997</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-11-09 13:29:44.542446</td>\n",
    " <td>8</td>\n",
    " <td>5.625000</td>\n",
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    " Title \\\n",
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    "xzg7k Sense- boarding algorithm in superscalar, scal... \n",
    "r4nmy The Disaster Resilience Value of Rooftop Solar... \n",
    "uv8m7 Extracting elastic constitutive parameters usi... \n",
    "vhybk CONSTRUCTION OF A SUPERADOBE DOME \n",
    "m3ycp Dimensional Analysis: Overview and application... \n",
    "\n",
    " Abstract status \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "xzg7k A new algorithm of data dependencies and ILP i... 1 \n",
    "r4nmy Distributed energy resources can enhance commu... 1 \n",
    "uv8m7 This paper implements the Virtual Fields Metho... 1 \n",
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    "xzg7k https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5d7bdcf6fcbf44001b... 984 \n",
    "r4nmy https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5baa73319108ce0017... 173 \n",
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    "\n",
    " URL Preprint DOI Publisher DOI \\\n",
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    "xzg7k https://engrxiv.org/xzg7k/ 10.31224/osf.io/xzg7k NaN \n",
    "r4nmy https://engrxiv.org/r4nmy/ 10.31224/osf.io/r4nmy NaN \n",
    "uv8m7 https://engrxiv.org/uv8m7/ 10.31224/osf.io/uv8m7 NaN \n",
    "vhybk https://engrxiv.org/vhybk/ 10.31224/osf.io/vhybk NaN \n",
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    "\n",
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    "xzg7k 2019-09-13 19:42:26.920214 2019-09-13 19:42:45.598411 65 \n",
    "r4nmy 2019-10-21 20:33:28.873953 2019-10-22 20:13:07.306522 27 \n",
    "uv8m7 2019-11-05 19:35:00.089207 2019-11-05 20:47:21.475876 12 \n",
    "vhybk 2019-03-14 17:01:24.785285 2019-03-18 23:06:44.171462 248 \n",
    "m3ycp 2019-11-09 13:29:30.843997 2019-11-09 13:29:44.542446 8 \n",
    "\n",
    " Downloads per day \n",
    "GUID \n",
    "xzg7k 15.138462 \n",
    "r4nmy 6.407407 \n",
    "uv8m7 6.333333 \n",
    "vhybk 6.298387 \n",
    "m3ycp 5.625000 "
    ]
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    "source": [
    "preprints_2019.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    @@ -312,62 +670,802 @@
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2019.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2018 preprints by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2018.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2018 preprints by download count"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2018.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2017 preprints by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2017.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
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    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/69puh/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/69puh</td>\n",
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    " Title \\\n",
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    "xzg7k Sense- boarding algorithm in superscalar, scal... \n",
    "69puh Derivation, Design and Simulation of the Singl... \n",
    "85svm A peridynamic model for damage and fracture in... \n",
    "\n",
    " Abstract status \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk Superadobe Technology consists on filling long... 1 \n",
    "jwzrq A large-scale integration of renewable generat... 1 \n",
    "xzg7k A new algorithm of data dependencies and ILP i... 1 \n",
    "69puh The purpose of the paper is to guide engineeri... 1 \n",
    "85svm (This paper is submitted to \"International Jou... 1 \n",
    "\n",
    " file url Download count \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c8a87548df5880016... 1562 \n",
    "jwzrq https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c6ace831431270019... 1049 \n",
    "xzg7k https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5d7bdcf6fcbf44001b... 984 \n",
    "69puh https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ccae88e42c4b70018... 735 \n",
    "85svm https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ca401e4c25afd001c... 720 \n",
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    "\n",
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    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2018 preprints by downloads per day"
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    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
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    " <td>2019-05-07 00:23:18.903316</td>\n",
    " <td>336</td>\n",
    " <td>3.675595</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>fv47e</td>\n",
    " <td>MultiDIC: an Open-Source Toolbox for Multi-Vie...</td>\n",
    " <td>Three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ada3d38144be4000f...</td>\n",
    " <td>1989</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/fv47e/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/fv47e</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843725</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-04-20 19:25:14.916811</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-01-10 23:06:32.279387</td>\n",
    " <td>576</td>\n",
    " <td>3.453125</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>g3djq</td>\n",
    " <td>Partial Molar Volume of NaCl and CsCl in Mixtu...</td>\n",
    " <td>Densities of solutions of NaCl and CsCl in mix...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c1765db7b16bf0017...</td>\n",
    " <td>1124</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/g3djq/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/g3djq</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1016/j.fluid.2017.10.034</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-12-17 09:04:31.603243</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-12-17 16:55:53.788926</td>\n",
    " <td>335</td>\n",
    " <td>3.355224</td>\n",
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    "fv47e MultiDIC: an Open-Source Toolbox for Multi-Vie... \n",
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    " Abstract status \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRC... 1 \n",
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    "fv47e Three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3... 1 \n",
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    "gmp2h https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c16670be979520017... 1235 \n",
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    "\n",
    " URL Preprint DOI \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun https://engrxiv.org/7vkun/ 10.31224/osf.io/7vkun \n",
    "bnupe https://engrxiv.org/bnupe/ 10.31224/osf.io/bnupe \n",
    "gmp2h https://engrxiv.org/gmp2h/ 10.31224/osf.io/gmp2h \n",
    "fv47e https://engrxiv.org/fv47e/ 10.31224/osf.io/fv47e \n",
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    "\n",
    " Publisher DOI Date created \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun NaN 2018-10-17 21:45:01.342512 \n",
    "bnupe 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.06.129 2018-10-01 14:14:14.737908 \n",
    "gmp2h NaN 2018-12-16 15:03:55.203788 \n",
    "fv47e 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843725 2018-04-20 19:25:14.916811 \n",
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    "\n",
    " Date modified Days online Downloads per day \n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun 2018-10-26 20:03:07.331780 396 11.962121 \n",
    "bnupe 2018-10-01 14:18:13.168549 412 4.407767 \n",
    "gmp2h 2019-05-07 00:23:18.903316 336 3.675595 \n",
    "fv47e 2019-01-10 23:06:32.279387 576 3.453125 \n",
    "g3djq 2018-12-17 16:55:53.788926 335 3.355224 "
    ]
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    "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {},
    "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
    ],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2018.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2018 preprints by download count"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
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    " <td>Numerical Modelling of Structural Behaviour of...</td>\n",
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    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ada3d38144be4000f...</td>\n",
    " <td>1989</td>\n",
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    " <td>10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843725</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-04-20 19:25:14.916811</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-01-10 23:06:32.279387</td>\n",
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    " <td>bnupe</td>\n",
    " <td>Study on Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Models ...</td>\n",
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    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5bb22b186e78da0016...</td>\n",
    " <td>1816</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/bnupe/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/bnupe</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.06.129</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-10-01 14:14:14.737908</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-10-01 14:18:13.168549</td>\n",
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    " <td>gmp2h</td>\n",
    " <td>Electrospun polymeric nanofibrous membranes fo...</td>\n",
    " <td>A necessity for water filtration technology, d...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c16670be979520017...</td>\n",
    " <td>1235</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/gmp2h/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/gmp2h</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-12-16 15:03:55.203788</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-05-07 00:23:18.903316</td>\n",
    " <td>336</td>\n",
    " <td>3.675595</td>\n",
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    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>g3djq</td>\n",
    " <td>Partial Molar Volume of NaCl and CsCl in Mixtu...</td>\n",
    " <td>Densities of solutions of NaCl and CsCl in mix...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c1765db7b16bf0017...</td>\n",
    " <td>1124</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/g3djq/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/g3djq</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1016/j.fluid.2017.10.034</td>\n",
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    " Title \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
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    "fv47e MultiDIC: an Open-Source Toolbox for Multi-Vie... \n",
    "bnupe Study on Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Models ... \n",
    "gmp2h Electrospun polymeric nanofibrous membranes fo... \n",
    "g3djq Partial Molar Volume of NaCl and CsCl in Mixtu... \n",
    "\n",
    " Abstract status \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRC... 1 \n",
    "fv47e Three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3... 1 \n",
    "bnupe Many commercial solar thermal power plants rel... 1 \n",
    "gmp2h A necessity for water filtration technology, d... 1 \n",
    "g3djq Densities of solutions of NaCl and CsCl in mix... 1 \n",
    "\n",
    " file url Download count \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5bc7ab6c11fd9d0017... 4737 \n",
    "fv47e https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ada3d38144be4000f... 1989 \n",
    "bnupe https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5bb22b186e78da0016... 1816 \n",
    "gmp2h https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c16670be979520017... 1235 \n",
    "g3djq https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c1765db7b16bf0017... 1124 \n",
    "\n",
    " URL Preprint DOI \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun https://engrxiv.org/7vkun/ 10.31224/osf.io/7vkun \n",
    "fv47e https://engrxiv.org/fv47e/ 10.31224/osf.io/fv47e \n",
    "bnupe https://engrxiv.org/bnupe/ 10.31224/osf.io/bnupe \n",
    "gmp2h https://engrxiv.org/gmp2h/ 10.31224/osf.io/gmp2h \n",
    "g3djq https://engrxiv.org/g3djq/ 10.31224/osf.io/g3djq \n",
    "\n",
    " Publisher DOI Date created \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun NaN 2018-10-17 21:45:01.342512 \n",
    "fv47e 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843725 2018-04-20 19:25:14.916811 \n",
    "bnupe 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.06.129 2018-10-01 14:14:14.737908 \n",
    "gmp2h NaN 2018-12-16 15:03:55.203788 \n",
    "g3djq 10.1016/j.fluid.2017.10.034 2018-12-17 09:04:31.603243 \n",
    "\n",
    " Date modified Days online Downloads per day \n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun 2018-10-26 20:03:07.331780 396 11.962121 \n",
    "fv47e 2019-01-10 23:06:32.279387 576 3.453125 \n",
    "bnupe 2018-10-01 14:18:13.168549 412 4.407767 \n",
    "gmp2h 2019-05-07 00:23:18.903316 336 3.675595 \n",
    "g3djq 2018-12-17 16:55:53.788926 335 3.355224 "
    ]
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    "metadata": {},
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    ],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2018.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2017 preprints by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
    {
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    " Title \\\n",
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    "wepn7 X-57 Power and Command System Design \n",
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    "\n",
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    "qj65n The ever-growing energy demand requires the ex... 1 \n",
    "jzac9 Holos is a distributable modular nuclear power... 1 \n",
    "wepn7 This paper describes the power and command sys... 1 \n",
    "4utb2 The push to advance efficient, renewable, and ... 1 \n",
    "kghqu Mechanical properties of dissimilar metal of s... 1 \n",
    "\n",
    " file url Download count \\\n",
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    "qj65n https://api.osf.io/v2/files/59037c009ad5a10252... 2106 \n",
    "jzac9 https://api.osf.io/v2/files/594fa682594d900228... 1869 \n",
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    "\n",
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    "jzac9 https://engrxiv.org/jzac9/ 10.31224/osf.io/jzac9 \n",
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    "\n",
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    "qj65n 10.1038/s41529-017-0003-4 2017-04-28 17:35:48.977222 \n",
    "jzac9 NaN 2017-06-25 12:50:30.275408 \n",
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    " <td>1124</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/g3djq/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/g3djq</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1016/j.fluid.2017.10.034</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-12-17 09:04:31.603243</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-12-17 16:55:53.788926</td>\n",
    " <td>335</td>\n",
    " <td>3.355224</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>jwzrq</td>\n",
    " <td>Understanding Stability of Low-Inertia Systems</td>\n",
    " <td>A large-scale integration of renewable generat...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c6ace831431270019...</td>\n",
    " <td>1049</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/jwzrq/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/jwzrq</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-02-18 15:32:54.538441</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-02-18 15:39:32.705891</td>\n",
    " <td>272</td>\n",
    " <td>3.856618</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>xzg7k</td>\n",
    " <td>Sense- boarding algorithm in superscalar, scal...</td>\n",
    " <td>A new algorithm of data dependencies and ILP i...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5d7bdcf6fcbf44001b...</td>\n",
    " <td>984</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/xzg7k/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/xzg7k</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-09-13 19:42:26.920214</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-09-13 19:42:45.598411</td>\n",
    " <td>65</td>\n",
    " <td>15.138462</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " </tbody>\n",
    "</table>\n",
    "</div>"
    ],
    "text/plain": [
    " Title \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk CONSTRUCTION OF A SUPERADOBE DOME \n",
    "gmp2h Electrospun polymeric nanofibrous membranes fo... \n",
    "g3djq Partial Molar Volume of NaCl and CsCl in Mixtu... \n",
    "jwzrq Understanding Stability of Low-Inertia Systems \n",
    "xzg7k Sense- boarding algorithm in superscalar, scal... \n",
    "\n",
    " Abstract status \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk Superadobe Technology consists on filling long... 1 \n",
    "gmp2h A necessity for water filtration technology, d... 1 \n",
    "g3djq Densities of solutions of NaCl and CsCl in mix... 1 \n",
    "jwzrq A large-scale integration of renewable generat... 1 \n",
    "xzg7k A new algorithm of data dependencies and ILP i... 1 \n",
    "\n",
    " file url Download count \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c8a87548df5880016... 1562 \n",
    "gmp2h https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c16670be979520017... 1235 \n",
    "g3djq https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c1765db7b16bf0017... 1124 \n",
    "jwzrq https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5c6ace831431270019... 1049 \n",
    "xzg7k https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5d7bdcf6fcbf44001b... 984 \n",
    "\n",
    " URL Preprint DOI \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk https://engrxiv.org/vhybk/ 10.31224/osf.io/vhybk \n",
    "gmp2h https://engrxiv.org/gmp2h/ 10.31224/osf.io/gmp2h \n",
    "g3djq https://engrxiv.org/g3djq/ 10.31224/osf.io/g3djq \n",
    "jwzrq https://engrxiv.org/jwzrq/ 10.31224/osf.io/jwzrq \n",
    "xzg7k https://engrxiv.org/xzg7k/ 10.31224/osf.io/xzg7k \n",
    "\n",
    " Publisher DOI Date created \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk NaN 2019-03-14 17:01:24.785285 \n",
    "gmp2h NaN 2018-12-16 15:03:55.203788 \n",
    "g3djq 10.1016/j.fluid.2017.10.034 2018-12-17 09:04:31.603243 \n",
    "jwzrq NaN 2019-02-18 15:32:54.538441 \n",
    "xzg7k NaN 2019-09-13 19:42:26.920214 \n",
    "\n",
    " Date modified Days online Downloads per day \n",
    "GUID \n",
    "vhybk 2019-03-18 23:06:44.171462 248 6.298387 \n",
    "gmp2h 2019-05-07 00:23:18.903316 336 3.675595 \n",
    "g3djq 2018-12-17 16:55:53.788926 335 3.355224 \n",
    "jwzrq 2019-02-18 15:39:32.705891 272 3.856618 \n",
    "xzg7k 2019-09-13 19:42:45.598411 65 15.138462 "
    ]
    },
    "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {},
    "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
    ],
    "source": [
    "preprints_last_year.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
  2. moorepants created this gist Nov 17, 2019.
    1,769 changes: 1,769 additions & 0 deletions engrxiv-papers.csv
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    440 changes: 440 additions & 0 deletions engrxiv_download_count.ipynb
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    {
    "cells": [
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Engrxiv download counts\n",
    "\n",
    "*November 17, 2019*"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "import pandas as pd"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "df = pd.read_csv('engrxiv-papers.csv', parse_dates=['Date created', 'Date modified'], index_col='GUID')"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# All time top number of downloads"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
    {
    "data": {
    "text/html": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<style scoped>\n",
    " .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
    " vertical-align: middle;\n",
    " }\n",
    "\n",
    " .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
    " vertical-align: top;\n",
    " }\n",
    "\n",
    " .dataframe thead th {\n",
    " text-align: right;\n",
    " }\n",
    "</style>\n",
    "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
    " <thead>\n",
    " <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th>Title</th>\n",
    " <th>Abstract</th>\n",
    " <th>status</th>\n",
    " <th>file url</th>\n",
    " <th>Download count</th>\n",
    " <th>URL</th>\n",
    " <th>Preprint DOI</th>\n",
    " <th>Publisher DOI</th>\n",
    " <th>Date created</th>\n",
    " <th>Date modified</th>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <th>GUID</th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " <th></th>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " </thead>\n",
    " <tbody>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>7vkun</td>\n",
    " <td>Numerical Modelling of Structural Behaviour of...</td>\n",
    " <td>Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRC...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5bc7ab6c11fd9d0017...</td>\n",
    " <td>4737</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/7vkun/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/7vkun</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-10-17 21:45:01.342512</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-10-26 20:03:07.331780</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>qj65n</td>\n",
    " <td>Materials and Corrosion Trends in Offshore and...</td>\n",
    " <td>The ever-growing energy demand requires the ex...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/59037c009ad5a10252...</td>\n",
    " <td>2106</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/qj65n/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/qj65n</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1038/s41529-017-0003-4</td>\n",
    " <td>2017-04-28 17:35:48.977222</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-10-14 00:00:15.874296</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>fv47e</td>\n",
    " <td>MultiDIC: an Open-Source Toolbox for Multi-Vie...</td>\n",
    " <td>Three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ada3d38144be4000f...</td>\n",
    " <td>1989</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/fv47e/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/fv47e</td>\n",
    " <td>10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843725</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-04-20 19:25:14.916811</td>\n",
    " <td>2019-01-10 23:06:32.279387</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>jw8n9</td>\n",
    " <td>Design, simulation, and testing of a novel mic...</td>\n",
    " <td>Micro-channel heat exchangers offer potential ...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c281b4b83f6901fd...</td>\n",
    " <td>1971</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/jw8n9/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/jw8n9</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2016-08-28 06:16:17.985000</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-07-02 10:51:07.033335</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " <tr>\n",
    " <td>jzac9</td>\n",
    " <td>The Holos Reactor: A Distributable Power Gener...</td>\n",
    " <td>Holos is a distributable modular nuclear power...</td>\n",
    " <td>1</td>\n",
    " <td>https://api.osf.io/v2/files/594fa682594d900228...</td>\n",
    " <td>1869</td>\n",
    " <td>https://engrxiv.org/jzac9/</td>\n",
    " <td>10.31224/osf.io/jzac9</td>\n",
    " <td>NaN</td>\n",
    " <td>2017-06-25 12:50:30.275408</td>\n",
    " <td>2018-07-02 11:01:26.397511</td>\n",
    " </tr>\n",
    " </tbody>\n",
    "</table>\n",
    "</div>"
    ],
    "text/plain": [
    " Title \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun Numerical Modelling of Structural Behaviour of... \n",
    "qj65n Materials and Corrosion Trends in Offshore and... \n",
    "fv47e MultiDIC: an Open-Source Toolbox for Multi-Vie... \n",
    "jw8n9 Design, simulation, and testing of a novel mic... \n",
    "jzac9 The Holos Reactor: A Distributable Power Gener... \n",
    "\n",
    " Abstract status \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun Continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRC... 1 \n",
    "qj65n The ever-growing energy demand requires the ex... 1 \n",
    "fv47e Three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3... 1 \n",
    "jw8n9 Micro-channel heat exchangers offer potential ... 1 \n",
    "jzac9 Holos is a distributable modular nuclear power... 1 \n",
    "\n",
    " file url Download count \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5bc7ab6c11fd9d0017... 4737 \n",
    "qj65n https://api.osf.io/v2/files/59037c009ad5a10252... 2106 \n",
    "fv47e https://api.osf.io/v2/files/5ada3d38144be4000f... 1989 \n",
    "jw8n9 https://api.osf.io/v2/files/57c281b4b83f6901fd... 1971 \n",
    "jzac9 https://api.osf.io/v2/files/594fa682594d900228... 1869 \n",
    "\n",
    " URL Preprint DOI \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun https://engrxiv.org/7vkun/ 10.31224/osf.io/7vkun \n",
    "qj65n https://engrxiv.org/qj65n/ 10.31224/osf.io/qj65n \n",
    "fv47e https://engrxiv.org/fv47e/ 10.31224/osf.io/fv47e \n",
    "jw8n9 https://engrxiv.org/jw8n9/ 10.31224/osf.io/jw8n9 \n",
    "jzac9 https://engrxiv.org/jzac9/ 10.31224/osf.io/jzac9 \n",
    "\n",
    " Publisher DOI Date created \\\n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun NaN 2018-10-17 21:45:01.342512 \n",
    "qj65n 10.1038/s41529-017-0003-4 2017-04-28 17:35:48.977222 \n",
    "fv47e 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2843725 2018-04-20 19:25:14.916811 \n",
    "jw8n9 NaN 2016-08-28 06:16:17.985000 \n",
    "jzac9 NaN 2017-06-25 12:50:30.275408 \n",
    "\n",
    " Date modified \n",
    "GUID \n",
    "7vkun 2018-10-26 20:03:07.331780 \n",
    "qj65n 2019-10-14 00:00:15.874296 \n",
    "fv47e 2019-01-10 23:06:32.279387 \n",
    "jw8n9 2018-07-02 10:51:07.033335 \n",
    "jzac9 2018-07-02 11:01:26.397511 "
    ]
    },
    "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {},
    "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
    ],
    "source": [
    "df.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# All time top downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
    {
    "ename": "NameError",
    "evalue": "name 'days_since_created' is not defined",
    "output_type": "error",
    "traceback": [
    "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
    "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
    "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-4-b06d88823388>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtoday\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mpd\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mto_datetime\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'2019-11-17'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Days online'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Date created'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtoday\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdt\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdays\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Downloads per day'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'Download count'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m/\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdays_since_created\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
    "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'days_since_created' is not defined"
    ]
    }
    ],
    "source": [
    "today = pd.to_datetime('2019-11-17')\n",
    "df['Days online'] = -(df['Date created'] - today).dt.days\n",
    "df['Downloads per day'] = df['Download count'] / days_since_created"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "df.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Data issues\n",
    "`xzg7k` @ https://engrxiv.org/xzg7k is very suspicious. The paper has little to no substance and the associated code repository is empty. It doesn't make sense why this would be downloaded so much in so little time.\n",
    "\n",
    "`r4nmy` @ https://engrxiv.org/r4nmy/ was submitted on September 28, 2019 according to the website, but the \"Date created\" in the table is October 21, 2019. This seems to be incorrect."
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "jan_2019 = pd.to_datetime('2019-01-01')\n",
    "jan_2018 = pd.to_datetime('2018-01-01')\n",
    "jan_2017 = pd.to_datetime('2017-01-01')\n",
    "one_year_ago = pd.to_datetime('2018-11-17')"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2019 = df[df['Date created'] > jan_2019]\n",
    "preprints_2018 = df[(df['Date created'] < jan_2019) & (df['Date created'] > jan_2018)]\n",
    "preprints_2017 = df[(df['Date created'] < jan_2018) & (df['Date created'] > jan_2017)]\n",
    "preprints_last_year = df[df['Date created'] > one_year_ago]"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2019 preprints by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2019.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2019 preprints by download count"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2019.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2018 preprints by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2018.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2018 preprints by download count"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2018.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2017 preprints by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2017.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 2017 preprints by download count"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_2017.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 preprints of last 365 days by downloads per day"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_last_year.sort_values('Downloads per day', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
    "# Top 5 preprints of last 365 days by download count"
    ]
    },
    {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
    "preprints_last_year.sort_values('Download count', ascending=False).head()"
    ]
    }
    ],
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