Skip to content

Instantly share code, notes, and snippets.

@nopium

nopium/ngsendkeys2

Created April 24, 2020 01:54
Show Gist options
  • Save nopium/542430a6cb75b63e3d4ec849a84cc7d1 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Save nopium/542430a6cb75b63e3d4ec849a84cc7d1 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Download ZIP

Revisions

  1. nopium created this gist Apr 24, 2020.
    844 changes: 844 additions & 0 deletions ngsendkeys2
    View file
    Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
    @@ -0,0 +1,844 @@
    // Cross-broswer implementation of text ranges and selections
    // documentation: http://bililite.com/blog/2011/01/17/cross-browser-text-ranges-and-selections/
    // Version: 2.6
    // Copyright (c) 2013 Daniel Wachsstock
    // MIT license:
    // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
    // obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
    // files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
    // restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
    // copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
    // copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
    // Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
    // conditions:

    // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
    // included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

    // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
    // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
    // OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
    // NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
    // HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
    // WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
    // FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
    // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

    (function(){

    // a bit of weirdness with IE11: using 'focus' is flaky, even if I'm not bubbling, as far as I can tell.
    var focusEvent = 'onfocusin' in document.createElement('input') ? 'focusin' : 'focus';

    // IE11 normalize is buggy (http://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedback/details/809424/node-normalize-removes-text-if-dashes-are-present)
    var n = document.createElement('div');
    n.appendChild(document.createTextNode('x-'));
    n.appendChild(document.createTextNode('x'));
    n.normalize();
    var canNormalize = n.firstChild.length == 3;


    bililiteRange = function(el, debug){
    var ret;
    if (debug){
    ret = new NothingRange(); // Easier to force it to use the no-selection type than to try to find an old browser
    }else if (window.getSelection && el.setSelectionRange){
    // Standards. Element is an input or textarea
    // note that some input elements do not allow selections
    try{
    el.selectionStart; // even getting the selection in such an element will throw
    ret = new InputRange();
    }catch(e){
    ret = new NothingRange();
    }
    }else if (window.getSelection){
    // Standards, with any other kind of element
    ret = new W3CRange();
    }else if (document.selection){
    // Internet Explorer
    ret = new IERange();
    }else{
    // doesn't support selection
    ret = new NothingRange();
    }
    ret._el = el;
    // determine parent document, as implemented by John McLear <[email protected]>
    ret._doc = el.ownerDocument;
    ret._win = 'defaultView' in ret._doc ? ret._doc.defaultView : ret._doc.parentWindow;
    ret._textProp = textProp(el);
    ret._bounds = [0, ret.length()];
    // There's no way to detect whether a focus event happened as a result of a click (which should change the selection)
    // or as a result of a keyboard event (a tab in) or a script action (el.focus()). So we track it globally, which is a hack, and is likely to fail
    // in edge cases (right-clicks, drag-n-drop), and is vulnerable to a lower-down handler preventing bubbling.
    // I just don't know a better way.
    // I'll hack my event-listening code below, rather than create an entire new bilililiteRange, potentially before the DOM has loaded
    if (!('bililiteRangeMouseDown' in ret._doc)){
    var _doc = {_el: ret._doc};
    ret._doc.bililiteRangeMouseDown = false;
    bililiteRange.fn.listen.call(_doc, 'mousedown', function() {
    ret._doc.bililiteRangeMouseDown = true;
    });
    bililiteRange.fn.listen.call(_doc, 'mouseup', function() {
    ret._doc.bililiteRangeMouseDown = false;
    });
    }
    // note that bililiteRangeSelection is an array, which means that copying it only copies the address, which points to the original.
    // make sure that we never let it (always do return [bililiteRangeSelection[0], bililiteRangeSelection[1]]), which means never returning
    // this._bounds directly
    if (!('bililiteRangeSelection' in el)){
    // start tracking the selection
    function trackSelection(evt){
    if (evt && evt.which == 9){
    // do tabs my way, by restoring the selection
    // there's a flash of the browser's selection, but I don't see a way of avoiding that
    ret._nativeSelect(ret._nativeRange(el.bililiteRangeSelection));
    }else{
    el.bililiteRangeSelection = ret._nativeSelection();
    }
    }
    trackSelection();
    // only IE does this right and allows us to grab the selection before blurring
    if ('onbeforedeactivate' in el){
    ret.listen('beforedeactivate', trackSelection);
    }else{
    // with standards-based browsers, have to listen for every user interaction
    ret.listen('mouseup', trackSelection).listen('keyup', trackSelection);
    }
    ret.listen(focusEvent, function(){
    // restore the correct selection when the element comes into focus (mouse clicks change the position of the selection)
    // Note that Firefox will not fire the focus event until the window/tab is active even if el.focus() is called
    // https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=566671
    if (!ret._doc.bililiteRangeMouseDown){
    ret._nativeSelect(ret._nativeRange(el.bililiteRangeSelection));
    }
    });
    }
    if (!('oninput' in el)){
    // give IE8 a chance. Note that this still fails in IE11, which has has oninput on contenteditable elements but does not
    // dispatch input events. See http://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedback/details/794285/ie10-11-input-event-does-not-fire-on-div-with-contenteditable-set
    // TODO: revisit this when I have IE11 running on my development machine
    // TODO: FIXED

    var inputhack = function() {ret.dispatch({type: 'input', bubbles: true}) };

    if(typeof window.setTimeout == 'object'){ /* IE 8 sees `setTimeout` as an `object` and not a `function` */

    ret.listen('keyup', inputhack);
    ret.listen('cut', inputhack);
    ret.listen('paste', inputhack);
    ret.listen('drop', inputhack);
    el.oninput = 'patched';

    }
    }else{

    /*
    IE9/IE11 supports the `textinput` event (even on contenteditable elements)

    See http://help.dottoro.com/ljhiwalm.php
    */

    /* Detect IE 9/11, See: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21825157/internet-explorer-11-detection */

    if((!(window.FileReader) || !!window.MSInputMethodContext) && !!document.documentMode){

    ret.listen('textinput', function(){ ret.dispatch({type: 'input', bubbles: true}); });

    }
    }
    return ret;
    }

    function textProp(el){
    // returns the property that contains the text of the element
    // note that for <body> elements the text attribute represents the obsolete text color, not the textContent.
    // we document that these routines do not work for <body> elements so that should not be relevant

    // Bugfix for https://github.com/dwachss/bililiteRange/issues/18
    // Adding typeof check of string for el.value in case for li elements
    if (typeof el.value === 'string') return 'value';
    if (typeof el.text != 'undefined') return 'text';
    if (typeof el.textContent != 'undefined') return 'textContent';
    return 'innerText';
    }

    // base class
    function Range(){}
    Range.prototype = {
    length: function() {
    return this._el[this._textProp].replace(/\r/g, '').length; // need to correct for IE's CrLf weirdness
    },
    bounds: function(s){
    if (bililiteRange.bounds[s]){
    this._bounds = bililiteRange.bounds[s].apply(this);
    }else if (s){
    this._bounds = s; // don't do error checking now; things may change at a moment's notice
    }else{
    var b = [
    Math.max(0, Math.min (this.length(), this._bounds[0])),
    Math.max(0, Math.min (this.length(), this._bounds[1]))
    ];
    b[1] = Math.max(b[0], b[1]);
    return b; // need to constrain it to fit
    }
    return this; // allow for chaining
    },
    select: function(){
    var b = this._el.bililiteRangeSelection = this.bounds();
    if (this._el === this._doc.activeElement){
    // only actually select if this element is active!
    this._nativeSelect(this._nativeRange(b));
    }
    this.dispatch({type: 'select', bubbles: true});
    return this; // allow for chaining
    },
    text: function(text, select){
    if (arguments.length){
    var bounds = this.bounds(), el = this._el;
    // signal the input per DOM 3 input events, http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events/#h4_events-inputevents
    // we add another field, bounds, which are the bounds of the original text before being changed.
    this.dispatch({type: 'beforeinput', bubbles: true,
    data: text, bounds: bounds});
    this._nativeSetText(text, this._nativeRange(bounds));
    if (select == 'start'){
    this.bounds ([bounds[0], bounds[0]]);
    }else if (select == 'end'){
    this.bounds ([bounds[0]+text.length, bounds[0]+text.length]);
    }else if (select == 'all'){
    this.bounds ([bounds[0], bounds[0]+text.length]);
    }
    this.dispatch({type: 'input', bubbles: true,
    data: text, bounds: bounds});
    return this; // allow for chaining
    }else{
    return this._nativeGetText(this._nativeRange(this.bounds())).replace(/\r/g, ''); // need to correct for IE's CrLf weirdness
    }
    },
    insertEOL: function (){
    this._nativeEOL();
    this._bounds = [this._bounds[0]+1, this._bounds[0]+1]; // move past the EOL marker
    return this;
    },
    sendkeys: function (text){
    var self = this;
    this.data().sendkeysOriginalText = this.text();
    this.data().sendkeysBounds = undefined;
    function simplechar (rng, c){
    if (/^{[^}]*}$/.test(c)) c = c.slice(1,-1); // deal with unknown {key}s
    for (var i =0; i < c.length; ++i){
    var x = c.charCodeAt(i);
    rng.dispatch({type: 'keypress', bubbles: true, keyCode: x, which: x, charCode: x});
    }
    rng.text(c, 'end');
    }
    text.replace(/{[^}]*}|[^{]+|{/g, function(part){
    (bililiteRange.sendkeys[part] || simplechar)(self, part, simplechar);
    });
    this.bounds(this.data().sendkeysBounds);
    this.dispatch({type: 'sendkeys', which: text});
    return this;
    },
    top: function(){
    return this._nativeTop(this._nativeRange(this.bounds()));
    },
    scrollIntoView: function(scroller){
    var top = this.top();
    // scroll into position if necessary
    if (this._el.scrollTop > top || this._el.scrollTop+this._el.clientHeight < top){
    if (scroller){
    scroller.call(this._el, top);
    }else{
    this._el.scrollTop = top;
    }
    }
    return this;
    },
    wrap: function (n){
    this._nativeWrap(n, this._nativeRange(this.bounds()));
    return this;
    },
    selection: function(text){
    if (arguments.length){
    return this.bounds('selection').text(text, 'end').select();
    }else{
    return this.bounds('selection').text();
    }
    },
    clone: function(){
    return bililiteRange(this._el).bounds(this.bounds());
    },
    all: function(text){
    if (arguments.length){
    this.dispatch ({type: 'beforeinput', bubbles: true, data: text});
    this._el[this._textProp] = text;
    this.dispatch ({type: 'input', bubbles: true, data: text});
    return this;
    }else{
    return this._el[this._textProp].replace(/\r/g, ''); // need to correct for IE's CrLf weirdness
    }
    },
    element: function() { return this._el },
    // includes a quickie polyfill for CustomEvent for IE that isn't perfect but works for me
    // IE10 allows custom events but not "new CustomEvent"; have to do it the old-fashioned way
    dispatch: function(opts){
    opts = opts || {};
    var event = document.createEvent ? document.createEvent('CustomEvent') : this._doc.createEventObject();
    event.initCustomEvent && event.initCustomEvent(opts.type, !!opts.bubbles, !!opts.cancelable, opts.detail);
    for (var key in opts) event[key] = opts[key];
    // dispatch event asynchronously (in the sense of on the next turn of the event loop; still should be fired in order of dispatch
    var el = this._el;
    setTimeout(function(){
    try {
    el.dispatchEvent ? el.dispatchEvent(event) : el.fireEvent("on" + opts.type, document.createEventObject());
    }catch(e){
    // IE8 will not let me fire custom events at all. Call them directly
    var listeners = el['listen'+opts.type];
    if (listeners) for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; ++i){
    listeners[i].call(el, event);
    }
    }
    }, 0);
    return this;
    },
    listen: function (type, func){
    var el = this._el;
    if (el.addEventListener){
    el.addEventListener(type, func);
    }else{
    el.attachEvent("on" + type, func);
    // IE8 can't even handle custom events created with createEventObject (though it permits attachEvent), so we have to make our own
    var listeners = el['listen'+type] = el['listen'+type] || [];
    listeners.push(func);
    }
    return this;
    },
    dontlisten: function (type, func){
    var el = this._el;
    if (el.removeEventListener){
    el.removeEventListener(type, func);
    }else try{
    el.detachEvent("on" + type, func);
    }catch(e){
    var listeners = el['listen'+type];
    if (listeners) for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; ++i){
    if (listeners[i] === func) listeners[i] = function(){}; // replace with a noop
    }
    }
    return this;
    }
    };

    // allow extensions ala jQuery
    bililiteRange.fn = Range.prototype; // to allow monkey patching
    bililiteRange.extend = function(fns){
    for (fn in fns) Range.prototype[fn] = fns[fn];
    };

    //bounds functions
    bililiteRange.bounds = {
    all: function() { return [0, this.length()] },
    start: function () { return [0,0] },
    end: function () { return [this.length(), this.length()] },
    selection: function(){
    if (this._el === this._doc.activeElement){
    this.bounds ('all'); // first select the whole thing for constraining
    return this._nativeSelection();
    }else{
    return this._el.bililiteRangeSelection;
    }
    }
    };

    // sendkeys functions
    bililiteRange.sendkeys = {
    '{enter}': function (rng){
    rng.dispatch({type: 'keypress', bubbles: true, keyCode: '\n', which: '\n', charCode: '\n'});
    rng.insertEOL();
    },
    '{tab}': function (rng, c, simplechar){
    simplechar(rng, '\t'); // useful for inserting what would be whitespace
    },
    '{newline}': function (rng, c, simplechar){
    simplechar(rng, '\n'); // useful for inserting what would be whitespace (and if I don't want to use insertEOL, which does some fancy things)
    },
    '{backspace}': function (rng){
    var b = rng.bounds();
    if (b[0] == b[1]) rng.bounds([b[0]-1, b[0]]); // no characters selected; it's just an insertion point. Remove the previous character
    rng.text('', 'end'); // delete the characters and update the selection
    },
    '{del}': function (rng){
    var b = rng.bounds();
    if (b[0] == b[1]) rng.bounds([b[0], b[0]+1]); // no characters selected; it's just an insertion point. Remove the next character
    rng.text('', 'end'); // delete the characters and update the selection
    },
    '{rightarrow}': function (rng){
    var b = rng.bounds();
    if (b[0] == b[1]) ++b[1]; // no characters selected; it's just an insertion point. Move to the right
    rng.bounds([b[1], b[1]]);
    },
    '{leftarrow}': function (rng){
    var b = rng.bounds();
    if (b[0] == b[1]) --b[0]; // no characters selected; it's just an insertion point. Move to the left
    rng.bounds([b[0], b[0]]);
    },
    '{selectall}' : function (rng){
    rng.bounds('all');
    },
    '{selection}': function (rng){
    // insert the characters without the sendkeys processing
    var s = rng.data().sendkeysOriginalText;
    for (var i =0; i < s.length; ++i){
    var x = s.charCodeAt(i);
    rng.dispatch({type: 'keypress', bubbles: true, keyCode: x, which: x, charCode: x});
    }
    rng.text(s, 'end');
    },
    '{mark}' : function (rng){
    rng.data().sendkeysBounds = rng.bounds();
    }
    };
    // Synonyms from the proposed DOM standard (http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events-key/)
    bililiteRange.sendkeys['{Enter}'] = bililiteRange.sendkeys['{enter}'];
    bililiteRange.sendkeys['{Backspace}'] = bililiteRange.sendkeys['{backspace}'];
    bililiteRange.sendkeys['{Delete}'] = bililiteRange.sendkeys['{del}'];
    bililiteRange.sendkeys['{ArrowRight}'] = bililiteRange.sendkeys['{rightarrow}'];
    bililiteRange.sendkeys['{ArrowLeft}'] = bililiteRange.sendkeys['{leftarrow}'];

    function IERange(){}
    IERange.prototype = new Range();
    IERange.prototype._nativeRange = function (bounds){
    var rng;
    if (this._el.tagName == 'INPUT'){
    // IE 8 is very inconsistent; textareas have createTextRange but it doesn't work
    rng = this._el.createTextRange();
    }else{
    rng = this._doc.body.createTextRange ();
    rng.moveToElementText(this._el);
    }
    if (bounds){
    if (bounds[1] < 0) bounds[1] = 0; // IE tends to run elements out of bounds
    if (bounds[0] > this.length()) bounds[0] = this.length();
    if (bounds[1] < rng.text.replace(/\r/g, '').length){ // correct for IE's CrLf weirdness
    // block-display elements have an invisible, uncounted end of element marker, so we move an extra one and use the current length of the range
    rng.moveEnd ('character', -1);
    rng.moveEnd ('character', bounds[1]-rng.text.replace(/\r/g, '').length);
    }
    if (bounds[0] > 0) rng.moveStart('character', bounds[0]);
    }
    return rng;
    };
    IERange.prototype._nativeSelect = function (rng){
    rng.select();
    };
    IERange.prototype._nativeSelection = function (){
    // returns [start, end] for the selection constrained to be in element
    var rng = this._nativeRange(); // range of the element to constrain to
    var len = this.length();
    var sel = this._doc.selection.createRange();
    try{
    return [
    iestart(sel, rng),
    ieend (sel, rng)
    ];
    }catch (e){
    // TODO: determine if this is still necessary, since we only call _nativeSelection if _el is active
    // IE gets upset sometimes about comparing text to input elements, but the selections cannot overlap, so make a best guess
    return (sel.parentElement().sourceIndex < this._el.sourceIndex) ? [0,0] : [len, len];
    }
    };
    IERange.prototype._nativeGetText = function (rng){
    return rng.text;
    };
    IERange.prototype._nativeSetText = function (text, rng){
    rng.text = text;
    };
    IERange.prototype._nativeEOL = function(){
    if ('value' in this._el){
    this.text('\n'); // for input and textarea, insert it straight
    }else{
    this._nativeRange(this.bounds()).pasteHTML('\n<br/>');
    }
    };
    IERange.prototype._nativeTop = function(rng){
    var startrng = this._nativeRange([0,0]);
    return rng.boundingTop - startrng.boundingTop;
    }
    IERange.prototype._nativeWrap = function(n, rng) {
    // hacky to use string manipulation but I don't see another way to do it.
    var div = document.createElement('div');
    div.appendChild(n);
    // insert the existing range HTML after the first tag
    var html = div.innerHTML.replace('><', '>'+rng.htmlText+'<');
    rng.pasteHTML(html);
    };

    // IE internals
    function iestart(rng, constraint){
    // returns the position (in character) of the start of rng within constraint. If it's not in constraint, returns 0 if it's before, length if it's after
    var len = constraint.text.replace(/\r/g, '').length; // correct for IE's CrLf weirdness
    if (rng.compareEndPoints ('StartToStart', constraint) <= 0) return 0; // at or before the beginning
    if (rng.compareEndPoints ('StartToEnd', constraint) >= 0) return len;
    for (var i = 0; rng.compareEndPoints ('StartToStart', constraint) > 0; ++i, rng.moveStart('character', -1));
    return i;
    }
    function ieend (rng, constraint){
    // returns the position (in character) of the end of rng within constraint. If it's not in constraint, returns 0 if it's before, length if it's after
    var len = constraint.text.replace(/\r/g, '').length; // correct for IE's CrLf weirdness
    if (rng.compareEndPoints ('EndToEnd', constraint) >= 0) return len; // at or after the end
    if (rng.compareEndPoints ('EndToStart', constraint) <= 0) return 0;
    for (var i = 0; rng.compareEndPoints ('EndToStart', constraint) > 0; ++i, rng.moveEnd('character', -1));
    return i;
    }

    // an input element in a standards document. "Native Range" is just the bounds array
    function InputRange(){}
    InputRange.prototype = new Range();
    InputRange.prototype._nativeRange = function(bounds) {
    return bounds || [0, this.length()];
    };
    InputRange.prototype._nativeSelect = function (rng){
    this._el.setSelectionRange(rng[0], rng[1]);
    };
    InputRange.prototype._nativeSelection = function(){
    return [this._el.selectionStart, this._el.selectionEnd];
    };
    InputRange.prototype._nativeGetText = function(rng){
    return this._el.value.substring(rng[0], rng[1]);
    };
    InputRange.prototype._nativeSetText = function(text, rng){
    var val = this._el.value;
    this._el.value = val.substring(0, rng[0]) + text + val.substring(rng[1]);
    };
    InputRange.prototype._nativeEOL = function(){
    this.text('\n');
    };
    InputRange.prototype._nativeTop = function(rng){
    // I can't remember where I found this clever hack to find the location of text in a text area
    var clone = this._el.cloneNode(true);
    clone.style.visibility = 'hidden';
    clone.style.position = 'absolute';
    this._el.parentNode.insertBefore(clone, this._el);
    clone.style.height = '1px';
    clone.value = this._el.value.slice(0, rng[0]);
    var top = clone.scrollHeight;
    // this gives the bottom of the text, so we have to subtract the height of a single line
    clone.value = 'X';
    top -= clone.scrollHeight;
    clone.parentNode.removeChild(clone);
    return top;
    }
    InputRange.prototype._nativeWrap = function() {throw new Error("Cannot wrap in a text element")};

    function W3CRange(){}
    W3CRange.prototype = new Range();
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeRange = function (bounds){
    var rng = this._doc.createRange();
    rng.selectNodeContents(this._el);
    if (bounds){
    w3cmoveBoundary (rng, bounds[0], true, this._el);
    rng.collapse (true);
    w3cmoveBoundary (rng, bounds[1]-bounds[0], false, this._el);
    }
    return rng;
    };
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeSelect = function (rng){
    this._win.getSelection().removeAllRanges();
    this._win.getSelection().addRange (rng);
    };
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeSelection = function (){
    // returns [start, end] for the selection constrained to be in element
    var rng = this._nativeRange(); // range of the element to constrain to
    if (this._win.getSelection().rangeCount == 0) return [this.length(), this.length()]; // append to the end
    var sel = this._win.getSelection().getRangeAt(0);
    return [
    w3cstart(sel, rng),
    w3cend (sel, rng)
    ];
    }
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeGetText = function (rng){
    return String.prototype.slice.apply(this._el.textContent, this.bounds());
    // return rng.toString(); // this fails in IE11 since it insists on inserting \r's before \n's in Ranges. node.textContent works as expected
    };
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeSetText = function (text, rng){
    rng.deleteContents();
    rng.insertNode (this._doc.createTextNode(text));
    if (canNormalize) this._el.normalize(); // merge the text with the surrounding text
    };
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeEOL = function(){
    var rng = this._nativeRange(this.bounds());
    rng.deleteContents();
    var br = this._doc.createElement('br');
    br.setAttribute ('_moz_dirty', ''); // for Firefox
    rng.insertNode (br);
    rng.insertNode (this._doc.createTextNode('\n'));
    rng.collapse (false);
    };
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeTop = function(rng){
    if (this.length == 0) return 0; // no text, no scrolling
    if (rng.toString() == ''){
    var textnode = this._doc.createTextNode('X');
    rng.insertNode (textnode);
    }
    var startrng = this._nativeRange([0,1]);
    var top = rng.getBoundingClientRect().top - startrng.getBoundingClientRect().top;
    if (textnode) textnode.parentNode.removeChild(textnode);
    return top;
    }
    W3CRange.prototype._nativeWrap = function(n, rng) {
    rng.surroundContents(n);
    };

    // W3C internals
    function nextnode (node, root){
    // in-order traversal
    // we've already visited node, so get kids then siblings
    if (node.firstChild) return node.firstChild;
    if (node.nextSibling) return node.nextSibling;
    if (node===root) return null;
    while (node.parentNode){
    // get uncles
    node = node.parentNode;
    if (node == root) return null;
    if (node.nextSibling) return node.nextSibling;
    }
    return null;
    }
    function w3cmoveBoundary (rng, n, bStart, el){
    // move the boundary (bStart == true ? start : end) n characters forward, up to the end of element el. Forward only!
    // if the start is moved after the end, then an exception is raised
    if (n <= 0) return;
    var node = rng[bStart ? 'startContainer' : 'endContainer'];
    if (node.nodeType == 3){
    // we may be starting somewhere into the text
    n += rng[bStart ? 'startOffset' : 'endOffset'];
    }
    while (node){
    if (node.nodeType == 3){
    var length = node.nodeValue.length;
    if (n <= length){
    rng[bStart ? 'setStart' : 'setEnd'](node, n);
    // special case: if we end next to a <br>, include that node.
    if (n == length){
    // skip past zero-length text nodes
    for (var next = nextnode (node, el); next && next.nodeType==3 && next.nodeValue.length == 0; next = nextnode(next, el)){
    rng[bStart ? 'setStartAfter' : 'setEndAfter'](next);
    }
    if (next && next.nodeType == 1 && next.nodeName == "BR") rng[bStart ? 'setStartAfter' : 'setEndAfter'](next);
    }
    return;
    }else{
    rng[bStart ? 'setStartAfter' : 'setEndAfter'](node); // skip past this one
    n -= length; // and eat these characters
    }
    }
    node = nextnode (node, el);
    }
    }
    var START_TO_START = 0; // from the w3c definitions
    var START_TO_END = 1;
    var END_TO_END = 2;
    var END_TO_START = 3;
    // from the Mozilla documentation, for range.compareBoundaryPoints(how, sourceRange)
    // -1, 0, or 1, indicating whether the corresponding boundary-point of range is respectively before, equal to, or after the corresponding boundary-point of sourceRange.
    // * Range.END_TO_END compares the end boundary-point of sourceRange to the end boundary-point of range.
    // * Range.END_TO_START compares the end boundary-point of sourceRange to the start boundary-point of range.
    // * Range.START_TO_END compares the start boundary-point of sourceRange to the end boundary-point of range.
    // * Range.START_TO_START compares the start boundary-point of sourceRange to the start boundary-point of range.
    function w3cstart(rng, constraint){
    if (rng.compareBoundaryPoints (START_TO_START, constraint) <= 0) return 0; // at or before the beginning
    if (rng.compareBoundaryPoints (END_TO_START, constraint) >= 0) return constraint.toString().length;
    rng = rng.cloneRange(); // don't change the original
    rng.setEnd (constraint.endContainer, constraint.endOffset); // they now end at the same place
    return constraint.toString().replace(/\r/g, '').length - rng.toString().replace(/\r/g, '').length;
    }
    function w3cend (rng, constraint){
    if (rng.compareBoundaryPoints (END_TO_END, constraint) >= 0) return constraint.toString().length; // at or after the end
    if (rng.compareBoundaryPoints (START_TO_END, constraint) <= 0) return 0;
    rng = rng.cloneRange(); // don't change the original
    rng.setStart (constraint.startContainer, constraint.startOffset); // they now start at the same place
    return rng.toString().replace(/\r/g, '').length;
    }

    function NothingRange(){}
    NothingRange.prototype = new Range();
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeRange = function(bounds) {
    return bounds || [0,this.length()];
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeSelect = function (rng){ // do nothing
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeSelection = function(){
    return [0,0];
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeGetText = function (rng){
    return this._el[this._textProp].substring(rng[0], rng[1]);
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeSetText = function (text, rng){
    var val = this._el[this._textProp];
    this._el[this._textProp] = val.substring(0, rng[0]) + text + val.substring(rng[1]);
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeEOL = function(){
    this.text('\n');
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeTop = function(){
    return 0;
    };
    NothingRange.prototype._nativeWrap = function() {throw new Error("Wrapping not implemented")};


    // data for elements, similar to jQuery data, but allows for monitoring with custom events
    var data = []; // to avoid attaching javascript objects to DOM elements, to avoid memory leaks
    bililiteRange.fn.data = function(){
    var index = this.element().bililiteRangeData;
    if (index == undefined){
    index = this.element().bililiteRangeData = data.length;
    data[index] = new Data(this);
    }
    return data[index];
    }
    try {
    Object.defineProperty({},'foo',{}); // IE8 will throw an error
    var Data = function(rng) {
    // we use JSON.stringify to display the data values. To make some of those non-enumerable, we have to use properties
    Object.defineProperty(this, 'values', {
    value: {}
    });
    Object.defineProperty(this, 'sourceRange', {
    value: rng
    });
    Object.defineProperty(this, 'toJSON', {
    value: function(){
    var ret = {};
    for (var i in Data.prototype) if (i in this.values) ret[i] = this.values[i];
    return ret;
    }
    });
    // to display all the properties (not just those changed), use JSON.stringify(state.all)
    Object.defineProperty(this, 'all', {
    get: function(){
    var ret = {};
    for (var i in Data.prototype) ret[i] = this[i];
    return ret;
    }
    });
    }

    Data.prototype = {};
    Object.defineProperty(Data.prototype, 'values', {
    value: {}
    });
    Object.defineProperty(Data.prototype, 'monitored', {
    value: {}
    });

    bililiteRange.data = function (name, newdesc){
    newdesc = newdesc || {};
    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Data.prototype, name) || {};
    if ('enumerable' in newdesc) desc.enumerable = !!newdesc.enumerable;
    if (!('enumerable' in desc)) desc.enumerable = true; // default
    if ('value' in newdesc) Data.prototype.values[name] = newdesc.value;
    if ('monitored' in newdesc) Data.prototype.monitored[name] = newdesc.monitored;
    desc.configurable = true;
    desc.get = function (){
    if (name in this.values) return this.values[name];
    return Data.prototype.values[name];
    };
    desc.set = function (value){
    this.values[name] = value;
    if (Data.prototype.monitored[name]) this.sourceRange.dispatch({
    type: 'bililiteRangeData',
    bubbles: true,
    detail: {name: name, value: value}
    });
    }
    Object.defineProperty(Data.prototype, name, desc);
    }
    }catch(err){
    // if we can't set object property properties, just use old-fashioned properties
    Data = function(rng){ this.sourceRange = rng };
    Data.prototype = {};
    bililiteRange.data = function(name, newdesc){
    if ('value' in newdesc) Data.prototype[name] = newdesc.value;
    }
    }

    })();

    // Polyfill for forEach, per Mozilla documentation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach#Polyfill
    if (!Array.prototype.forEach)
    {
    Array.prototype.forEach = function(fun /*, thisArg */)
    {
    "use strict";

    if (this === void 0 || this === null)
    throw new TypeError();

    var t = Object(this);
    var len = t.length >>> 0;
    if (typeof fun !== "function")
    throw new TypeError();

    var thisArg = arguments.length >= 2 ? arguments[1] : void 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
    if (i in t)
    fun.call(thisArg, t[i], i, t);
    }
    };
    }

    // insert characters in a textarea or text input field
    // special characters are enclosed in {}; use {{} for the { character itself
    // documentation: http://bililite.com/blog/2008/08/20/the-fnsendkeys-plugin/
    // Version: 4
    // Copyright (c) 2013 Daniel Wachsstock
    // MIT license:
    // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
    // obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
    // files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
    // restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
    // copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
    // copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
    // Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
    // conditions:

    // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
    // included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

    // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
    // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
    // OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
    // NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
    // HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
    // WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
    // FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
    // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

    initSendKeys = function($){

    $.fn.sendkeys = function (x){
    x = x.replace(/([^{])\n/g, '$1{enter}'); // turn line feeds into explicit break insertions, but not if escaped
    return this.each( function(){
    bililiteRange(this).bounds('selection').sendkeys(x).select();
    this.focus();
    });
    }; // sendkeys

    // add a default handler for keydowns so that we can send keystrokes, even though code-generated events
    // are untrusted (http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events/#trusted-events)
    // documentation of special event handlers is at http://learn.jquery.com/events/event-extensions/
    $.event.special.keydown = $.event.special.keydown || {};
    $.event.special.keydown._default = function (evt){
    if (evt.isTrusted) return false;
    if (evt.ctrlKey || evt.altKey || evt.metaKey) return false; // only deal with printable characters. This may be a false assumption
    if (evt.key == null) return false; // nothing to print. Use the keymap plugin to set this
    var target = evt.target;
    if (target.isContentEditable || target.nodeName == 'INPUT' || target.nodeName == 'TEXTAREA') {
    // only insert into editable elements
    var key = evt.key;
    if (key.length > 1 && key.charAt(0) != '{') key = '{'+key+'}'; // sendkeys notation
    $(target).sendkeys(key);
    return true;
    }
    return false;
    }
    };