patlegu · August 4, 2021 00:08 · Aug 4, 2021
diff --git a/Building_Docker_image. b/Building_Docker_image.
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+#  Building Docker image with Packer and provisioning with Ansible 
+
+## Overview
+
+**Packer**
+* Packer is used  to build image from a base image, perform provisions and store (commit) the final image.
+
+* We use provisioners and Packer templates to do the actual work to create the final image. 
+* We use Ansible for provisioning.
+
+**Ansible**
+* Ansible runs playbooks on localhost (inside Docker container). 
+* Ansible must be installed on the image you're provisioning. 
+* Packer uploads the contents of the Ansible playbook to the Docker container instance, and runs it locally. 
+
+
+
+
+# Install Packer
+
+* Follow instructions here: https://www.packer.io/docs/installation.html
+
+* Check Packer is installed:
+```
+packer
+
+usage: packer [--version] [--help] <command> [<args>]
+
+Available commands are:
+    build        build image(s) from template
+    fix          fixes templates from old versions of packer
+    inspect      see components of a template
+    validate     check that a template is valid
+
+```
+
+
+
+# Build image with Packer
+
+Files:
+```
+build.json - main file with configuration for packer
+playbook.yml - Ansible playbook for provisioning 
+vars/prod.json - main config file for production environment
+vars/default.yml - default variables passed to Ansible
+vars/prod.yml - variables to pass to Ansible for production environment
+```
+
+
+## Build workflow
+
+Build image for production environment specified by prod.json file:
+
+* run build process with packer build command:
+```
+sudo packer build -var-file=prod.json build.json
+```
+
+* packer start from the base image specified in build.json
+```
+# build.json
+{
+...
+  "builders":[
+    {
+      "type": "docker",
+      "image": "phusion/passenger-ruby22:0.9.18", 
+      "commit": true,
+      ...
+    }
+  ],
+  ...
+}
+```
+
+* packer runs provisioners specified in build.json
+* first, it installs Ansible in Docker container:
+```
+"provisioners":[
+    {
+      "type": "shell",
+      "inline": [
+        "apt-get -y update",
+        "apt-get install -y software-properties-common",
+        "apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible",
+        "apt-get -y update",
+        "apt-get install -y ansible"
+      ]
+    },
+
+```
+
+* packer uploads `vars/prod.yml` to the Docker container and saves it as `vars.yml`
+
+```
+    {
+      "type": "file",
+      "source": "{{user `config_file`}}",
+      "destination": "{{user `tmp_dir`}}/vars.yml"
+    }
+```
+
+* packer uploads playbook.yml to the Docker container
+
+* packer runs Ansible playbook.yml locally in the Docker container
+```
+    {
+      "type": "ansible-local",
+      "staging_directory": "{{user `tmp_dir`}}/ansible",
+      "playbook_file": "playbook.yml",
+      "extra_arguments": [ "--extra-vars \"tmp_dir={{user `tmp_dir`}} \"" ]
+    }
+```
+
+* Ansible playbook uses variables defined in corresponding vars.yml file
+```
+- hosts: 127.0.0.1
+  user: root
+  vars_files:
+    - "{{tmp_dir}}/vars.yml"
+  tasks:
+```
+
+* The final image is saved as "my-nginx:0.1" specified in build.json
+
+```
+
+  "post-processors": [
+    [
+      {
+        "type": "docker-tag",
+        "repository": "my-nginx",
+        "tag": "0.1"
+      }
+    ]
+  ]
+```
+
+
+## build configuration 
+
+Create build.json file with configuration how to build Docker image.
+
+build.json:
+```
+{
+  "variables": {
+    "config_file": "vars/default.yml",
+    "tmp_dir": "/tmp"
+  },
+
+  "builders":[
+    {
+      "type": "docker",
+      "image": "nginx",
+      "commit": true,
+      "run_command": ["-d", "{{.Image}}", "nginx -g daemon off"]
+    }
+  ],
+  "provisioners":[
+    {
+      "type": "shell",
+      "inline": [
+        "apt-get -y update",
+        "apt-get install -y software-properties-common",
+        "apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible",
+        "apt-get -y update",
+        "apt-get install -y ansible"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "shell",
+      "inline": [
+        "mkdir -p {{user `tmp_dir`}}"
+      ]
+    }
+    ,
+    {
+      "type": "file",
+      "source": "{{user `config_file`}}",
+      "destination": "{{user `tmp_dir`}}/vars.yml"
+    }
+    ,
+    {
+      "type": "ansible-local",
+      "staging_directory": "{{user `tmp_dir`}}/ansible",
+      "playbook_file": "playbook.yml",
+      "extra_arguments": [ "--extra-vars \"tmp_dir={{user `tmp_dir`}} \"" ]
+    }
+
+  ],
+
+  "post-processors": [
+    [
+      {
+        "type": "docker-tag",
+        "repository": "my-nginx",
+        "tag": "0.1"
+      }
+    ]
+  ]
+}
+
+
+```
+
+## Configs
+
+
+## Build image
+```
+sudo packer build -var-file=vars/prod.json build.json
+```
+
+
+## Run Docker container
+
+```
+sudo docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name=my-server1 my-nginx:0.1
+```
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