Skip to content

Instantly share code, notes, and snippets.

@r4space

r4space/Debian_RISC-V_QEMU

Created October 27, 2020 18:32
Show Gist options

  • Select an option

    Learn more about clone URLs
  • Save r4space/013189f3870726b63fdb2dffc3fbb710 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.

Select an option

Learn more about clone URLs
Save r4space/013189f3870726b63fdb2dffc3fbb710 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Download ZIP
QEMU based emulation of a RISC-V64b core running Debian. Installed and executed on Ubuntu 20.04
Raw
Debian_RISC-V_QEMU
#STEP1: Install requirements.
## Assumes a clean Ubuntu 20.04 host OS
sudo apt-get install debian-ports-archive-keyring
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-riscv64-linux-gnu qemu-system-misc opensbi qemu-user-static binfmt-support debootstrap libguestfs-tools
wget http://za.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/u/u-boot/u-boot-qemu_2020.04+dfsg-2ubuntu1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i u-boot-qemu_2020.04+dfsg-2ubuntu1_all.deb
#STEP2: Create a RISC-V filesystem using chroot
## Basically a space on your local HD that looks like an install of linux with all the libraraies and executables you expect to see from / availble from a designated folder. Provides the ability to have an alternative filesystem accessible from within a host filesystem
sudo debootstrap --arch=riscv64 --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/debian-ports-archive-keyring.gpg --include=debian-ports-archive-keyring unstable /tmp/riscv64-chroot http://deb.debian.org/debian-ports
#STEP3: Configure this new file system by 'logging in' and running some commands
sudo chroot /tmp/riscv64-chroot
## Update chroot FS
apt-get update
## Configure a 'network'
cat >>/etc/network/interfaces <<EOF
## Copy and paste the following lines into the prompt you now have. You're writing the following lines to the interfaces file using cat.
## 'EOF' is "End Of File" and is a signals to cat that you're done
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
EOF
## Set a root password
passwd
## Disable the getty on hvc0 as hvc0 and ttyS0 share the same console device in qemu.
ln -sf /dev/null /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]
## Install kernel and bootloader infrastructure
apt-get install linux-image-riscv64 u-boot-menu
## Install and configure ntp tools
apt-get install openntpd ntpdate openssh-server
sed -i 's/^DAEMON_OPTS="/DAEMON_OPTS="-s /' /etc/default/openntpd
## Configure syslinux-style boot menu
cat >>/etc/default/u-boot <<EOF
U_BOOT_PARAMETERS="rw noquiet root=/dev/vda1"
U_BOOT_FDT_DIR="noexist"
EOF
u-boot-update
exit
#STEP4: Turn the Chroot FS you just made into a disk image (like an iso or CD you'd install an OS from)
sudo virt-make-fs --partition=gpt --type=ext4 --size=10G /tmp/riscv64-chroot/ rootfs.img
sudo chown ${USER} rootfs.img
#STEP5: Boot it and login with username:root and the password you set above
qemu-system-riscv64 -nographic -machine virt -m 1.9G \
-bios /usr/lib/riscv64-linux-gnu/opensbi/qemu/virt/fw_jump.elf \
-kernel /usr/lib/u-boot/qemu-riscv64_smode/uboot.elf \
-object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0 -device virtio-rng-device,rng=rng0 \
-append "console=ttyS0 rw root=/dev/vda1" \
-device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0 -drive file=rootfs.img,format=raw,id=hd0 \
-device virtio-net-device,netdev=usernet -netdev user,id=usernet,hostfwd=tcp::22222-:22
#STEP5: Setup ssh
## While logged into the emulated machine run the following to install ssh, sudo and make youself a non-root user
apt install openssh-server sudo
service ssh restart
adduser yourname
usermod -aG sudo yourname
#STEP6: Test your new user and ssh work:
## Logout of the emulation or open a new terminal and from the host run:
ssh yourname@localhost -p 22222
#STEP7: On your host OS, cross-compile a helloworld (or whatever code you want) and copy the object file over to the emulator to run it.
## EG:
*****main.c******
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello, World!\n");
return 0;
}
******************
riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc -o mainRV main.c
scp -P 22222 mainRV yourname@localhost:
## Login to the emulator and run the code:
./mainRV
------------------
#LASTLY Some general notes:
- To Exit QEMU and shutdown the emulation:
Ctrl-A x
- The way this has been done means you have access to a limited repo from debian of packages that have already been compiled and ported to RISC-V
- You can search this repo using apt eg:
$ apt-cache search keyword
(Or easier - install aptitude and search with it if you're familiar with it)
See here for docs on Debian port: https://wiki.debian.org/RISC-V
Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub. Already have an account? Sign in to comment