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tonyc726 revised this gist
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This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ # Git常用命令备忘 ### Git配置 > 用户的git配置文件** ~/.gitconfig ** ```shell # 设置user git config --global user.name "robbin" git config --global user.email "[email protected]" # 打开配色 git config --global color.ui true # 设置alias git config --global alias.co checkout git config --global alias.ci commit git config --global alias.st status git config --global alias.br branch # 设置Editor使用textmate git config --global core.editor "mate -w" # 列举所有配置 git config -l ``` > **注:以下命令全部基于此配置** ----- ## Git常用命令 ### 查看、添加、提交、删除、找回,重置修改文件 ```shell git help <command> # 显示command的help git show # 显示某次提交的内容 git show $id git co -- <file> # 抛弃工作区修改 git co . # 抛弃工作区修改 git add <file> # 将工作文件修改提交到本地暂存区 git add . # 将所有修改过的工作文件提交暂存区 git rm <file> # 从版本库中删除文件 git rm <file> --cached # 从版本库中删除文件,但不删除文件 git reset <file> # 从暂存区恢复到工作文件 git reset -- . # 从暂存区恢复到工作文件 git reset --hard # 恢复最近一次提交过的状态,即放弃上次提交后的所有本次修改 git ci <file> git ci . git ci -a # 将git add, git rm和git ci等操作都合并在一起做 git ci -am "some comments" git ci --amend # 修改最后一次提交记录 git revert <$id> # 恢复某次提交的状态,恢复动作本身也创建了一次提交对象 git revert HEAD # 恢复最后一次提交的状态 ``` ### 查看文件diff ```shell git diff <file> # 比较当前文件和暂存区文件差异 git diff git diff <$id1> <$id2> # 比较两次提交之间的差异 git diff <branch1>..<branch2> # 在两个分支之间比较 git diff --staged # 比较暂存区和版本库差异 git diff --cached # 比较暂存区和版本库差异 git diff --stat # 仅仅比较统计信息 ``` ### 查看提交记录 ```shell git loggit log <file> # 查看该文件每次提交记录 git log -p <file> # 查看每次详细修改内容的diff git log -p -2 # 查看最近两次详细修改内容的diff git log --stat # 查看提交统计信息 ``` > **tig** > Mac上可以使用tig代替diff和log,brew install tig ---------- ## Git 本地分支管理 ### 查看、切换、创建和删除分支 ```shell git br -r # 查看远程分支 git br <new_branch> # 创建新的分支 git br -v # 查看各个分支最后提交信息 git br --merged # 查看已经被合并到当前分支的分支 git br --no-merged # 查看尚未被合并到当前分支的分支 git co <branch> # 切换到某个分支 git co -b <new_branch> # 创建新的分支,并且切换过去 git co -b <new_branch> <branch> # 基于branch创建新的new_branch git co $id #把某次历史提交记录checkout出来,但无分支信息,切换到其他分支会自动删除 git co $id -b <new_branch> # 把某次历史提交记录checkout出来,创建成一个分支 git br -d <branch> # 删除某个分支 git br -D <branch> # 强制删除某个分支 (未被合并的分支被删除的时候需要强制) ``` ### 分支合并和rebase ```shell # 将branch分支合并到当前分支 git merge <branch> # 不要Fast-Foward合并,这样可以生成merge提交 git merge origin/master --no-ff # 将master rebase到branch git rebase master <branch> # 相当于:git co <branch> && git rebase master && git co master && git merge <branch> ``` ---------- ## Git补丁管理(方便在多台机器上开发同步时用) ```shell git diff > ../sync.patch # 生成补丁 git apply ../sync.patch # 打补丁 git apply --check ../sync.patch # 测试补丁能否成功 ``` ---------- ## Git暂存管理 ```shell git stash # 暂存 git stash list # 列所有stash git stash apply # 恢复暂存的内容 git stash drop # 删除暂存区 ``` ---------- ## Git远程分支管理 ```shell git pull # 抓取远程仓库所有分支更新并合并到本地 git pull --no-ff # 抓取远程仓库所有分支更新并合并到本地,不要快进合并 git fetch origin # 抓取远程仓库更新 git merge origin/master # 将远程主分支合并到本地当前分支 git co --track origin/branch # 跟踪某个远程分支创建相应的本地分支 git co -b <local_branch> origin/<remote_branch> # 基于远程分支创建本地分支,功能同上 git push # push所有分支 git push origin master # 将本地主分支推到远程主分支 git push -u origin master # 将本地主分支推到远程(如无远程主分支则创建,用于初始化远程仓库) git push origin <local_branch> # 创建远程分支, origin是远程仓库名 git push origin <local_branch>:<remote_branch> # 创建远程分支 git push origin :<remote_branch> #先删除本地分支(git br -d <branch>),然后再push删除远程分支 ``` ---------- ## Git远程仓库管理 ```shell git remote -v # 查看远程服务器地址和仓库名称 git remote show origin # 查看远程服务器仓库状态 git remote add origin git@github:robbin/robbin_site.git # 添加远程仓库地址 git remote set-url origin [email protected]:robbin/robbin_site.git # 设置远程仓库地址(用于修改远程仓库地址) git remote rm <repository> # 删除远程仓库 ``` ### 创建远程仓库 ```shell git clone --bare robbin_site robbin_site.git # 用带版本的项目创建纯版本仓库 scp -r my_project.git [email protected]:~ # 将纯仓库上传到服务器上 mkdir robbin_site.git && cd robbin_site.git && git --bare init # 在服务器创建纯仓库 git remote add origin [email protected]:robbin/robbin_site.git # 设置远程仓库地址 git push -u origin master # 客户端首次提交 git push -u origin develop # 首次将本地develop分支提交到远程develop分支,并且track git remote set-head origin master # 设置远程仓库的HEAD指向master分支 ``` > 也可以命令设置跟踪远程库和本地库 ```shell git branch --set-upstream master origin/master git branch --set-upstream develop origin/develop ``` This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -1,7 +1,4 @@ # SSHKeys ## 生成SSHKeys -
tonyc726 revised this gist
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This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ #### 1.同一台电脑可以有2个git账号(不同网站的) > 文件路径:~/.ssh/config 首先不同网站,当然可以使用同一个邮箱,比如我的github,gitlab,bitbucket的账号都是monkeysuzie[at]gmail.com 这时候不用担心密钥的问题,因为这些网站push pull 认证的唯一性的是邮箱 比如我的windows 上 2个账号一个gitlab 一个github (用的都是id_rsa) host github hostname github.com Port 22 host gitlab.zjut.com hostname gitlab.zjut.com Port 65095 不需要指定key的位置。因为默认读取id_rsa了 这样子使用起来没有任何区别,remote 也想平时一样操作即可。因为邮箱是相同的。 #### 2.同一台电脑有2个github账号?咋办 比如我服务器上模拟的2个用户 # [email protected] 我在gitlab的第一个账号suzie host gitlab.zjut.com hostname gitlab.zjut.com Port 65095 User suzie IdentityFile /home/suzie/.ssh/id_rsa # 我在gitlab的第2个账号test host gitlab-test.zjut.com hostname gitlab.zjut.com Port 65095 User test IdentityFile /home/suzie/.ssh/id_rsa_second # [email protected] 我在github的账号 host github-osteach.com hostname github.com Port 22 User osteach IdentityFile /home/suzie/.ssh/id_rsa_second 这种情况下,需要几点**注意** 1.remote pull push的时候有问题,因为要设置邮箱问题了 pull的时候识别的是邮箱,2个github账号,2个邮箱,我们自然不能使用global的user.email了 1.取消global git config --global --unset user.name git config --global --unset user.email 2.设置每个项目repo的自己的user.email git config user.email "[email protected]" git config user.name "suzie" 之后push pull就木有问题了 #### 备注 生成ssh key ssh-keygen -m rsa -C "your mail" (当前目录) 然后可以命名默认id_rsa 或者id_rsa_second 把对应的pub放到公共服务器上。 File renamed without changes. -
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This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ # Git 小记 > 记录一些平时常用的git技巧 ----------- ## 生成SSHKeys ````shell # 以 Linux Mint (Ubuntu) 为例,需要用到 ssh-keygen 命令: ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "***@gmail.com" -f ~/.ssh/csser-github ```` ### 简单介绍下参数含义: - `-t` 指定密钥类型,默认即 rsa ,可以省略 - `-C` 设置注释文字,比如你的邮箱 - `-f` 指定密钥文件存储文件名,会生成 csser-github 和 csser-github.pub 两个密钥文件 回车后,遇到提示输入 yes 即可,剩下一路回车,密钥文件就在指定路径下生成了。 转自[csser](http://www.csser.com/board/4f53875c55bdcb545c000d05) -----------